Makarubhaidhirheni akareruka uye akaoma

Zvigadzirwa zvizhinji zvine ma-carbohydrates muzvakagadzirwa. Nekusiyana kwechigadziro pakati pemakhahydrates ndeyekusarudzwa kwakajeka uye kwakaoma. Kusiyanisa makarubhaidhijiti akaoma uye akaoma anowanzova kunyange kutongesa kwechigadzirwa - makaridhyidhari akareba anonzwisiswa kunyange nemiromo yemakwenzi nemidziyo zvinonzi inotapira, asi makaghijidhini akaoma haakurumidzi kupa ndiro zvinotapira.

Saka, somuenzaniso, kana iwe ukatora kunakidza mumuromo mako, umo mune zvakawanda zvehuga - iwe unobva watanga kunakidza. Asi kutsva vermicelli, iwe haunzwi kunzwa kwakanaka, kunyange ine 75% mahydrohydrates. Majini ehydrohydrates vermicelli anongopedzisira ari mudumbu remakumbo anenge akaparadzana kusvika kune imwe chete monosaccharides.

Muchingwa kune polysaccharides, asi nyore nyore kuparadzwa kunyange nekusangana kwenguva yakareba nemakemikari emate. Kana iwe ukabata chingwa muromo wako kwemaminitsi gumi, unotanga kunzwa kunzwa kwakanaka. Izvi zvinoreva kuti makabhahydrates akaoma akaparadzaniswa kuva nyore, uye iwe unoravira kutora kweglucose (monosaccharide).

Misiyano iri pakati pemakrohydrates ari nyore uye akaoma muhutano hwemamolekoro avo. Zvine maharukidhafiti zvakadzika zvinonzi monosaccharides, zvine kemikari yakaoma nyore, somuenzaniso, glucose - C₆H₁₂O₆. Uye makominehydrates akaoma mapolisaccharides uye maitiro avo C₆H10O5. Kuti zvive zvakakanganiswa nemakrohydrates zvinodyiwa mumuviri wedu uye zvinobatsira, i.e. Vaiunza masero emagetsi kumasero, vanofanira kupatsanurana kuva nyore, i.e. monosaccharides.

Rwendo rwemakrohydrates ezvishoma uye akaoma

Mahydrohydrates ari nyore anosanganisira:

1. Glucose . Izvi zvine mahydrohydrate anowanikwa mune zvakawanda zvinomera zvemiti. Glucose yakafuma - mazambiringa , raspberries uye cherries akanaka. Carbohydrate metabolism mumuviri womunhu kunyanya inobva pane iyi monosaccharide. Manyarysaccharides akawanda anoparadzaniswa kuva mushuga weglucose uye, kusungira insulin, inoshanduka kuva glycogen, iyo inowanikwa muchiropa, spleen, mutsvuku uye inochengeterwa simba rekushandisa. Kana zvasvika pakupedza simba rakawandisa remagetsi, glycogen, pasi pezvinoitwa glucagon (hormone inopesana ne insulin), inodzokera shure kuva glucose. Nokuda kweiyi nzira, ropa rekuisa ropa muvanhu vane hutano rinogara riripo.
2. Fructose . Iyi monosaccharide ndeyechokwadi inowanikwa muzvibereko zvose. Iyo inozivikanwa kuti inenge kaviri inotapira seglucose uye isina insulini inopinda mumasero ezvimiti uye masukisi, saka inokurudzirwa kushandiswa nevanhu vane chirwere cheshuga mellitus.
3. Lactose kana "mushuga wemukaka" , uripo chete mumishonga yemakaka. Kana pasina mishonga inokwana mumatumbo iyo inobatsira kunyora iyi carbohydrate, kubvisa uye kubudisa mararamiro kukura. Dzimwe nguva vana vanoberekwa havagoni kudya gorobhaidhadhi iyi, uye inorayirwa nekaseti isina vana.
4. Sucrose , iyo inosanganisira se molecule ye glucose uye fructose.

Mahydrohydrates akawandisa anosanganisira:

1. Starch . Izvi zvine mahydrohydrate anowanikwa mune zvakawanda zvezvinhu zvinoshandiswa. Aripo mumapurogiramu akasiyana-siyana, akawanda ake mumapatatisi uye pasta.
2. Fiber . Iyi gluidhydrate yakaoma kwazvo zvokuti haina kuputsa mumuviri wedu, nokuti kufanana kwayo kunoda microflora yakasiyana pane kurarama mumutsipa wevanhu.

Tafura yezvakagadzirwa nemakrohydrates

Zvichida vakawanda vanofarira mubvunzo wemakinehydrates ari nyore uye akaoma, kana zvichiuya pakugadzira mabiko ekudya. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, zvinokosha kuziva kuti kudya kupi kune imwe kana imwe gedhihydrate . Pasi isu tinonyatsoratidza zviratidzo zvinowanzobatanidzwa kune zvigadziriswa uye zvakaoma makhahydrates.