Pakati pevarimi vemizambiringa, gerbera yemunda yakakurumbira, kudyara nekuitarisira kunogona kuitwa zvose kumusha uye munzvimbo yakazara uye zvinoda kushandiswa kwemimwe mitemo. Miti yacho inofungidzirwa kuti inoshandiswa uye pasina kutarisa mamwe agrotechnics zvakaoma kuwana bhenekera dzakanaka.
Ko gerbera inoratidzika sei?
Munda wakajeka wegerbera issika isingagumi nechepfupi shotten uye rosette yemasikirwo akakura akaiswa mazano akajeka. Izvo zvipfeko zvayo zvakakura, zvinotapira zvinoputika mabhasikiti emarudzi akawanda ane yellow centre, yakafanana neyamomile. Mucheka wezvigadziko ndiwo zvakasiyana-siyana - kubva kumachena kuenda kupepuru (kunze kwebhuruu). Kureba kwebwenzi kunosvika 30-50 cm, iyo yakareba ye corolla iri masendimita 15. Gerbera jindu maruva kubva mumatsutso kusvika pakupera kwegore, panguva ino kusvika kusvika makumi maviri makumi maviri emapapu anoumbwa pane imwe yemhando. Mifananidzo yakaisvonaka mucheka maitiro haafaniri kurasikirwa nekunaka kwavo kwenguva yakareba.
Mhando dzebindu gerbera
Kune marudzi anenge 80 emagerberas, akasiyana nekukura uye marudzi ezvimedu, akaparadzaniswa kuva mapoka maviri makuru - ane maruva makuru uye maduku. Mitambo yakakurumbira:
- Jameson - tateguru wemhando dzose. Iri gerbera rinotarisa zvakanyanya mubatsiro mubindu, sezvo rine dutu guru uye mapfundo makuru - kusvika masendimita makumi maviri nemashanu. Mavara acho akasiyana, mabhasikiti eTarry, akajeka kana mashizha akafanana;
- Wright - akakura nokuda kwokucheka nekugadzira maruva, anotumbuka kusvika kunotonhora;
- Abyssinian , kunze kwakangofanana nechamomile - yakachena nekwenyoro;
- zvinyorwa-zvishoma nezvishoma zvakasimudzika, zvakadai seAlcor nemuchena wekrisisi uye Aldebaran ane bhenki rakatsvuka;
- yakaderera-yakakura-yakakura-siyana-siyana maAmerica aina Vega kana Migar ane michero yeminki ;
- big-flowered medium-lobed variko - Mars ane ruvara rutsvuku rwe inflorescences;
- mhuka-dzakashamba-siyana nemashizha akareba - Delios , Peter , Romeo ;
- tete uye semi-miviri yakasiyana-siyana nemakumbo maduku - Kalinka , Sonia , Viola ;
- tara uye semi-miviri yakasiyana-siyana nemakumbo makuru-rima red Spark ;
- Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana- Vincent kana Arendgost dzinonyanyozivikanwa .
Munda weGerbera - kuitika
Jardinari inorongedza gerberas iine photophilous, kudyara uye kuitarisira inoitwa munzvimbo dzinowanikwa kune mazuva ezuva kwenguva yakareba sezvinobvira masikati. Ipapo ruva harungatambanudzirwi zvakasimba, runosvika pakukura kwechidimbu uye chimiro chemavara akasiyana-siyana. Pamusana pokukura gerbera mubindu, kudyara nekuyamwisa kunoitwa nembeu kuburikidza nemichero. Mushure mezvose, kana iwe ukaisa mbeu yacho pachepa, haazove nenguva yekugara kune frost uye kufa. Nekuberekwa kwembeu, mbeu inoguma inogona kusiyana nemubereki wayo muvara. Kugadzirira kwemafuro kunotanga gore.
Nzira yekudyara gerberas mubindu?
Nzira yekukura sei gerbera perennial munda mbeu:
- Iyo yakanakisisa substrate ishizha, turf uye humus mumusana we1: 2: 1;
- Mbeu dzinodyarwa muvhu, inotonhorera iyo isiri pasi pe + 18 ° C, inotanga kuvharwa nemhinduro ye potassium permanganate;
- Kudyara kunoitwa mune rimwe bhokisi rinokosha. Pamusoro pe substrate uise mbeu, uine peat, uvhare negirazi, uchigadzirisa zvinhu zve mini-greenhouse;
- sara yakakanyiwa nemvura inodziya uye zuva rega roga mhepo;
- pazuva 8 mbeu inomera, saka girazi rinogona kubviswa;
- apo mbeu inomera muchando, kujekesa kwakawedzerwa nemarambi e fluorescent kunopiwa;
- apo mashizha 3-4 anoonekwa pavari, mashizha anotumirwa muhari dzakasiyana;
- apo mbeu inosimbiswa uye 4-5 mashizha anoonekwa pavari, inogona kuiswa panzvimbo inogara. Kana uchidyara zvakakosha kuti usapindira mutsipa mukati muvhu.
Kudyara nguva gerberas mubindu
Kana iwe uchida munda wegerbera kuti usvike pawebsite, kudyara nekuyamwisa kunoitwa mukati megore-munaMeyi kana kutanga kwaJune pamubhedha kana mubhedha, apo kutyisidzirwa kwechando kunopfuura. Iyo ivhu panguva ino inofanira kunge yakatova yakanatswa zvakanaka. Mbeu dziri kugadzirwa muna March-April. Kutaura zvazviri, maruva egindu gerberas kubva kumbeu anogona kudyarwa chero nguva yegore, sezvo michero inokura mumba. Nguva inosarudzwa kubva pakuverenga kuti yekutanga buds ichaonekwa mumwedzi 10-11. Kudyara kwemazuva mashoma kwemuti uri muvhu kunoderedza nguva yekurira yezvirimwa.
Gerberas mumunda - kukura uye kutarisira
Tsika inoratidzika-ine rudo uye inopisa, haina kubvumira chishu. Nzira yekukura gerberas mubindu:
- Munharaunda yekumaodzanyemba kwechando, gwenzi rakafukidzwa nehupamhi hwakawanda hwewasi kana mashizha akaomeswa. Muchirimo, apo chando chinoburuka, nyaya yekudziya inofanira kubviswa.
- Munzvimbo dzinotonhorera kumagumo aSeptember, gerbera inogona kugadzirwa uye yakasungirirwa pamwe nechingu muhari uye yakanaka yekudonhera kwechando rose. Isa chidimbu chaunoda pane imwe nzvimbo yakaoma uye inotonhorera, iwe unogona muimba yepasi. Izvi zvinodikanwa, nokuti mumamiriro okunze anorwadza, chifukidzo chekufukidzira panzvimbo yakazaruka hachizochengetedzi gerbera.
- Vanowedzera simiti nekuparadzanisa gwenzi pazera remakore gumi nemana. Iyo nzira inoitwa muchechi muna April-May. Panguva imwe chete, siya 2-3 mapepa mashoma pane chimwe chikamu. Dyara miti kuitira kuti ma rosettes awedzere 1.5 cm kumusoro kwevhu. Mabhedhi mumasango matsva achaonekwa mugore.
Mhepo yegerbera munda
Kushongedza gerberas munda nekuda kwekuchidikanwa kwevhu rakaorera risina simba uye rakasvibiswa zvakanaka. Nokudyara, unogona kugadzirira musanganisi iwe pachako, kutora zvikamu zvakafanana zve peat, mashizha uye jecha. Inobatsira kuwedzera pine duku kana huni hwehuni kune substrate, iyo inogadzirisa musanganiswa. Iwe unogona kutenga primer yakagadzirirwa yakachengetwa muchitoro kuti rive rose - inokodzera yakawanda.
Garden bindu gerbera - kumwa mvura
Munguva yekukura kwekushanda kwehuva, anoda inwa yakawandisa. Gera reGerbera - kutarisira kwakanaka maererano nekudiridza:
- Kugadzirisa kunofanira kunge kuri kuenzanisa - hapana kuoma, hapana mvura inogadziriswa nevhu haifaniri kubvumidzwa. Kana kusina mvura yakakwana pamashizha, mashizha akaoma, kana akawandisa - iyo inotanga kuora.
- Mushure mokuguma kwemaruva, kusvibisa kunoderedzwa, asi hazvibviri kubvumira kuomeswa kwemidzi.
- Paanenge achidiridza, tinofanira kunyatsocherechedza kuti mvura inowira pasi pemudziyo uye haigarisi pamashizha, haina kupinda mukati. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuora kweputi uye rufu rwemuti.
- Kunwa nemvura inomira pakushambidzika, chipando chinotonhora chinogona kurwara nekuora.
- Mumazuva anopisa, korona inogona kuiswa nguva nenguva.
Bindu gerbera - kuwedzera fertilizing
Maruva iwayo akakurira zvakasimba, anoda kupfeka kupfeka uye kusiya. Gerbera munda - maitiro ekutarisira nekufudza:
- Kamwe kamwe kwemavhiki maviri, simiti inogadzirwa. Kuti uite izvi, shandisa mvura inoshandiswa yemumumanyoti inoshandiswa nehuwandu hwakazara hwekutsvaga zvinhu. Panguva yekushandiswa kwemiti, kugadzira-kunokurudzira kukura kwakasimba uye yakareba kwenguva refu.
- Kudyisa kunoitwa kubva mutsime kusvika pakuvhuvhura, kubva munaSeptember vanoderedzwa kamwechete pamwedzi, nokuti kwechando vanomira zvachose.
- Icho chinopesana kuti ishandise mafungiro ane chlorine, bhiza, huku kana mhou. Zvinonyanya kuchinja kukura kwegerbera uye zvinotungamirira kumaronda emidzi.
Maruva munda gerberas - zvirwere nezvirwere
Yakaisvonaka yemunda gerbera, kudyara nekutarisira izvo zvinobudiswa muvhu rakazaruka, zvinotarirwa nezvirwere nezvirwere. Mutarisiri wekurima anodikanwa kuti ave nechokwadi chekutarisira kwake kwakanaka kuitira kuti arambe aine ruzivo rwekubudirira uye ane utano. Dambudziko guru mukurima:
- Kuora mwoyo midzi. Chikonzero ichocho fungus muvhu uye kupera kwemvura. Sekudzivirira, inorongerwa kushandisa ivhu rakanyoroveswa nekucherechedza hurumende yekudiridza.
- Powdery mildew. Mucheka mutsvuku pamashizha unobata gerberas kana wakakura mubindu muhuzha hwechando pamasikati makuru. Kudzivirira uye kupora kubva pairi kunogona kuva nefungicidal zvinodhaka zvichienderana nesarufa - "Topaz" kana kuti "Fundazol."
- Grey rot. Kuonekwa kwaro kunovhiringidzwa nekuwedzera kwemafuro, chirwere chinokanganisa midzi. Dzoparadza uori nekugadzirira zvakanakisisa, somuenzaniso, "Fitosporin" kana "Roval". Kuita gwenzi kunokosha zvakajeka - pakurova pamashizha mhinduro inokonzera kugadzirwa kwemavara akaipa. Mhinduro yacho inokurudzirwa kuti ishandiswe pakurapa nekudzivirira.
- Aphids, spider mite . Zvirwere zvinogona kukonzera rufu rwemuti. Nzira yekutaridzika kwavo inonzi yellowing yemashizha, kubhurwa kwemaruva. Iwe unogona kuchengetedza muti wacho nemishonga inodhaka.