Munguva yose yaro iripo, vazhinji vevanhu vakanga vari pasi pevanhu uye vakazviisa pasi kune vamwe vanhu vane mvumo, vachitora nzvimbo dzinotungamirira.
Kugadziriswa ndiro chikamu chikuru chehupenyu hwehupenyu hwemunhu. Ihutungamiri hurongwa hunodiwa munharaunda yese. Tinogona kutaura kuti kuzviisa kune nzira yekugombedzerwa kwepfungwa yemunhu mumwe nomumwe, maererano nezvinofanira kuitwa nomunhu iyeyo kune chinangwa chinopiwa.
Kuti udzidze chimiro chekugadzirisa kwevanhu, imwe nzira yakasikwa yakasikwa. Yakanzi iMilgram Testement. Yakasimbiswa nemudzidzisi wake anozivikanwa wepfungwa Stanley Milgram. Chinangwa chikuru chekudzidza uku ndechekuwana kuti vanhu vazhinji vanoita sei vanogona kupa vamwe vasina mhaka, kana kusuruvara kwemarwadzo ndeimwe yemabasa avo.
Stanley Milgram Chiedza
Kuedza kwaive kune zvinotevera: munhu uyo akanga asingazivi nezvechinangwa chechokwadi chekudzidza akavakirwa kuti awedzere kutyisidzira mumwe munhu, kureva, akaurayiwa. A generator yenhema ikozvino yakashandiswa.
Mune basa reanoshungurudzwa, munhu akadzidziswa zvakanyanya, mubatsiri we experimenter, akataura. Maitiro ake akavakwa maererano nechimwe chirongwa.
Zvadaro nyaya yacho yakabvunzwa kushandura kushamiswa kwevanhu, kuchenesa kuti nzira iyi inoitwa, sokunge kuti kudzidza nezvekuita kwechirango pamusoro pevanhu.
Sezvo kuedza kuri kuenderera mberi, nyaya yacho inokurudzirwa kukunda nesimba rinowedzera, iyo inogona kunge inotyisa kune hupenyu hwehupenyu. Maitiro emunhu ari pasi pekuedzwa anorondedzerwa se "kuendesa", paanobvumirana kune zvaanenge achikumbira, zvaanoda. Chiito chekusavhiringidza ndiyo nguva apo chirango chinopera. Pamusoro pehuwandu hwemasimba ekudengenyeka kwegesi, iyo iyo nyaya yechirwere ichi yakakonzera, kuwanda kwekuita kwezviito zvehurukuro yacho yakabva.
Nokudaro, chiyero chekugadziriswa kwomunhu kunogona kuderedzwa kusvika kune imwe nhamba yepamusoro zvichienderana neshoko rimwe nerimwe uye chimwe chiitiko.
Iyi nzira inokubvumira kuita maitiro akasiyana-siyana nemhando. Iko kuedza kuchashandura mutemo wemirairo, maitiro emirairo nehupenyu hwavo, chinangwa chekurangwa nemafaira, kuburikidza nekurangwa kupi kuchashandiswa, nezvimwewo.
Mune chimiro chekuongorora nyaya vaiva varume vanenge makumi mana, vane makore avo kubva pamakore makumi maviri nemakumi mashanu. Pepanhau reko rakabudisa chiziviso pamusoro pekuedza, uye vanhu vakanga vakokwawo. Zvidzidzo zvakasarudzwa muhutano hwakasiyana-siyana: injinjini, vanyori vepositi, vatengesi, nezvimwewo. Nokuda kwekutora chikamu chekuedza, Milgram yakabhadharwa $ 4. Nyaya yoga yoga yakaudzwa kuti mari iyi yakabhadharwa nokuda kwekuti akauya kub laboratory uye izvi hazvirevi pane zviratidzo izvo vanoedza kuwana.
Kuedza kwakaitwa paYunivhesiti Yale. Imwe nzira ndeyekunze kwayo.
Muchiedza chimwe nechimwe, nyaya yacho uye munhu akabatwa akabatanidzwa. Izvo zvisiri izvo, pasi payo zvinoshamisa zvakaruramiswa, ndezvokuti zvaifungidzirwa kuti zvive zvakakosha kuwana ruzivo rwechirango pamusoro pekukosha kwekudzidza semunhu wose.
Mhinduro dzekuedza
Milgram yakagadzirwa nemigumisiro miviri, iyo yakakanganisa kuedza uye dzimwe mhedziso mune zvepfungwa dzevanhu.
Chigumisiro chekutanga: nyaya yacho yakaratidza kusanzwisisika kwetsika
Milgram yakaita izvi kugadzirisa maererano nekuedza: data yakagadzirwa yakaratidza kuti kune vanhu vakuru kune chido chakasimba chokufamba kusvika ikozvino zvakaoma kufanotaura kana vachitevera munhu ane mhosva.
Saka, chiitiko cheMilgram chakaita basa rinokosha pakuvandudzika kwepfungwa dzepabonde uye, nhamo, inoshanda munguva yedu.