Vakawanda vemazhizha vemazhizha vanoda kuve neekisi pamunda wavo, nekurima nekuitarisira kunoitwa nekufungisisa zvimwe zvikamu. Chimiro chinobudirira chinopindirana kune chero mamiriro ezvinhu uye chakapararira munyika, kunyanya mumamiriro okunze akadzikama. Tsika inokosheswa semugove wevhitamini C..
Leek - tsanangudzo
Bindu reki rinonzi herbaceous biennial rine urefu hwe 0.4 kusvika 1 m Kubva kune nhema tuber, inokura tsvina yakachena kubva pasi (iyo inokosha zvikuru yemiti yacho neinonaka) uye nhamba yakawanda yemashizha eLanceolate akareba akarongerwa mumhepo. Muvara wavo ndeye emerald kana bluish. Mugore rechipiri rehupenyu, dairy floret inoumbwa pamuti, mbeu inobereka kwemakore maviri iri kubvaruka. Ikoki inotonhora kusingaiti, kuchikurira kumaodzanyemba kunoitwa nekudyara mbeu muvhu, kuchamhembe - nekubatsirwa nemichero. Tsika inoda humvu uye mazhizha panguva yekudziya ne sawdust kana peat.
Leek - marudzi
Inyanzvi yekukura maeeks inogona kupa mhando dzakasiyana dzekuibva:
- Pakutanga - kuunganidzwa munaAugust - kutanga kweSeptember, kunobereka mazuva makumi mashanu, mashizha haasi akareba, kusvika masendimita matatu paupamhi.
- Kwapera nguva - kukohwa kunobereka munaOctober, kunokura mazuva 180, makumbo akareba kusvika masendimita manomwe kumativi ose.
Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzeanisii maekisi, kukura uye kuchengetedza izvo zvisingagoni kuunza zvinetso zvakakosha:
- Jolant - kutanga, kusagadzikana nezvirwere zvinopisa ;
- Casimir - kutanga, kubatanidzwa, nekuwedzera zvibereko;
- Tango - kutanga, chando-chisingadi, kubvuma;
- Columbus - kutanga kukura kwezvipenyu, nekusvibisa ganda hazvidi kukwirira;
- Carrantan - nguva dzakasiyana-siyana nekunakidza kunakidza, chiyero chemashizha chinosvika 25 cm;
- Nzou - kureva, chishuwo uye kusanaya kwemvura, nebhuruu-ruvara rwemavara, rakafukidzwa nemucheka wewa;
- Iko nguva yekupedzisira yakanonoka nehanho rakakura kusvika ku 40 cm yakakwirira uye 8 masentimita kubva.
Maeeks - kudyara uye kutarisira
Munzvimbo dzakawanda iwe unogona kuva nekiki yako, kukura uye kuchengetwa kunoitwa kubva kumbeu kana nekubatsirwa nemichero zvichienderana nenyika. Iyo ivhu pamubhedha wakarimwa haudi kutora. Nokuda kweizvi, lime yakawedzerwa kune asidi pasi, uye peat inowedzerwa kune ivhu rekarakini. Muchikwata bindu rinosunganidzwa nemuriwo - 6-8 kg pa 1 sq. M. Vanofananidzira vemitemo vanofanira kuva mbatata, eggplant, pumpkin. Ikoki inoda zuva, kudyara uye kukura inoitwa munzvimbo yakazaruka, ine ruzhinji rwechiedza, kure nemiti. Muchirimo, ivhu rinoparadzirwa ne humus - 3 kg pa 1 sq.m.
Kukura maeeks emalaki kuburikidza nemichero
Munzvimbo dzakadzikama magwisi emareeks emaekisi anoshandiswa, iyo minda inotanga nemashoko anotevera:
- pakati pemwedzi waFebruary - mune mamwe mabhokisi ari pahwindo;
- pakati peApril - mu greenhouse;
- kuguma kwaApril - pasi pe cellophane mubindu.
Mitemo yekutarisira mbeu:
- iyo inoda mabhokisi kana makaseti e peat;
- Mbeu isati yasimwa inomera pamvura yakasviba kwemazuva maviri;
- Mbeu dzakadziridzwa ne 1 cm, dzakasimwa mumitsara nemazuva masendimita mashanu kubva kune mumwe nemumwe, ine nhanho pakati pembeu 2 cm;
- vasati vadyarwa, kunwisa kunoitwa zuva rega rega (pasina kupera kwemvura);
- bhokisi rekutanga rakafukidzwa ne cellophane, rakaiswa panzvimbo ine mamiriro + 22-25 ° C;
- pazera remavhiki mana, bhuruu inopinda muhari, kusvika pakupera kwaApril michero inoda kuchengetwa kwakasarudzwa-kujekesa nemwenje. Paunenge uchikura miche mu peat pots, kukoka hakudi;
- iyo inotonhora mushure mekumera kwekumera isiri 20 ° C masikati uye haipfuuri 14 ° C usiku. Kana mukamuri nguva dzose inopisa, museve wemaruva unoumbwa kwegore rokutanga, uye kwete iyo inotevera;
- Kusvika muvhu kunogadzirwa mumakore gumi apfuura aMay - kutanga kwaJuni (mazuva 60 mushure mekudyara), nekugadziriswa kwekuramba kuchipisa;
- midzi inonamirwa muhomwe yevhu, uye mhando imwe neimwe inoparadzaniswa zvakananga nemamita 10 muchero rakagadzirirwa.
Leeks - kukura kubva kumbeu
Munharaunda dzekumaodzanyemba, tsika inodyarwa panzvimbo yakashama. Paakabvunzwa, kana uchidyara uye uchirima maekisi eekisi kubva kumbeu, varimi vemizambiringa vanopa mazano, vanodyara mushure meMeyi 15. Mibhedha kubva pakwenga inoberekwa uye yakafukidzwa nefirimu yakaoma yekudziya. Yakwegura hafu yeawa mubvunzo we potassium permanganate uye yakamera nemazuva matatu pane chigamba chine matope, mbeu dzakasimwa muvhu maererano ne 15x15 cm urongwa mumitsara. Kudyara kwakanyoroveswa, kwakafukidzwa ne cellophane kusati kwavapo. Dzimwe nguva maekisi anodyarwa munguva yechando munaNovember, saka nzvimbo yacho inonyatsogadziriswa ne peat, sawdust, uye inosaswa nechando. Mbeu dzichaonekwa mugore.
Kuchengetedza maekisi
Kukura kwemaokie akareruka, kuchengetwa kwemicheu kunosanganisira mararamiro emitemo - tsika yekudiridza, weeding, masora kubva kumasora, fertilizing, kudzivirira zvirwere. Zvimwe zvinogadziriswa zvekurimwa kwemiti, zvichibvumira kuwana mhepo yakachena, iyo ndiyo yekubudirira kukuru kwegwenzi:
- Katatu panguva yezvinomera, tsika inodyarwa. Tanga kusasa gwenzi rine rimwe denga revhu pakati pezhizha, kutarisirwa kwakadaro ndeyechokwadi mushure mekudiridza, saka maekisi akabatanidzwa neuswa kana uswa hwakaoma.
- Kusunungurwa kunoitwa kwevhiki mbiri. Mushure mokunge tsona yeanisi yakasvika kuhukuru hwepenzura, padding inosanganiswa nekukwirira.
- Kuchengetedza zvirimwa kubva kunamato yeanisii, nzvimbo yacho inosaswa nefodya kana guruva, karoti inodyarwa pedyo.
- Kurwisa zvirwere zvefungal (rust, powdery mildew ) phytosporin inobatsira. Kudzivirirwa kwemavara emashizha kunoitwa nekushandisa mbeu yakasvibiswa, kubvisa masora. Pane imwe nzvimbo simiti inogona kudyarwa kwete kamwechete kamwechete mumakore mana.
- Kotanha chibage kusvikira kutonhora kuchidonho kusvika -5 ° C.
- Chengetedzo inowanikwa mubhokisi rakananga mujecha kusvika kumwedzi mitanhatu.
Zvizivo zvekukura kwemaekisi - kudiridza
Kudiridza kunyanzvi ndicho chinhu chinoita kukura nokukurumidza kwemuti, iyo inonzwisisika nekushaikwa kwehutu. Leeks - zvakavanzika zvekudiridza nekukura:
- Mbeu haigoni kuomeswa kwemazuva matatu ekutanga mushure mekudyara;
- pamwe nekuchengetwa kwekutevera kunotevera kunoitwa mazuva ose mashanu, muyero wekushandiswa kwemvura inopisa iri 10 litres pa 1 sq. m yegadziro;
- munguva yekuoma kwekukura kwemiti yacho inomiswa, mushure mekudiridza (kwete pasi pe20 litres pa 1 mita mita) inotangazve;
- kupera kwemhepo mumibhedha hakugoni kubvumidzwa - kunoparadza midzi;
- iyo hydration inoshanda zvikuru yemiti - pamwe nemigero;
- Kurapa kwehuwandu hwemitsara kunobatsira kuchengetedza unyoro uye kunodzivirira ivhu kubva kumasora.
Kukura maeeks pane dacha - pamusoro kupfeka
Mumwaka iwoyo, tsika inodyiswa kazhinji, apo zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti simiti inopindura zvisina kunaka nitrogen - inogona kuora, kunyanya munguva refu yekuchengetedza. Leek maekisi - kuwedzera kupfeka uye kutarisirwa:
- Vhiki nhatu mushure mekuuya, zvinokosha kudiridza ivhu nechinangwa che 20 g ye ammonium nitrate uye 15 g ye potassium munyu mu 10 malita emvura (muwandu wekugadzira fertilizer inokwana 4 mita mamita emunzvimbo).
- Zvokudya zvinodzokororwa vhiki imwe neimwe 2-3.
- Kunyatsopindura mhinduro yeekisi uye yehugoni - sarudzo yemadlein (1: 8) kana madonhi embeu (1:20).
- Pamberi pekukwira kwega imwe neimwe, 1 kapu yehuni yehuni inowedzerwa pasi pahuwandu hwe 1 mita mamita echirongwa chacho.