Pasina mubvunzo, pakati pedu pane avo vanoziva kuti mhokwe haisi "yakaberekerwa" mumasimbi, asi inokura paminda, ichibhururuka mumaruva matsva. Uye kuti uwane bheti pamakashalofu, pakutanga iwe unoda kushandisa simba rakawanda kuti uribudise kunze kwevhu.
Unoziva here kuti mishonga yakasvibiswa sei, iyo inobva kune calcium ripens? Kana pineapple? Uye zvakadini nezvikwereti, maamondi nemimwe michina yakawanda, mune mamwe mazwi, yummy, iyo isingakure munharaunda yedu?
1. Mbeu yemiti sesame
Iyo inokura: sesame, sezvainotiwo, inokura muIndia, North Africa, Arabia, Pakistan, nyika dzeCentral uye South-East Asia, Caucasus.
Nzira yekukura nayo: inokura pamiti ye loamy, inopisa kusvika ku17 ° C. Yakadyarwa kutanga kweJune. Kukohwa ndeSeptember, nguva apo sarame mashizha anoshanduka achiita zhizha ndokuwa.
Sezvainoibva: Mbeu inobereka mune mamwe mabhokisi, iyo, kana yakabereka zvakakwana, inotanga nekanyoro kanyanya pamusana muduku.
2. Peanuts
Iyo inokura: munyu inobva kuSouth America, nhasi inokura kumaodzanyemba kweUkraine, muUzbekistan, Tajikistan, mune dzimwe nyika dzeTranscaucasian, muKrasnodar Territory.
Nzira yekukura sei: chigadzirwa chegore negore chinokura zvakanakisisa pamusana wekupisa kwe + 27 ° C. Iyo inobereka pasi pepasi. Mbeu dzinowanikwa munaMay, June-August uye kunyange pakati peSeptember. Iko kuunganidza kunenge kwakafanana nekuchera mbatata. Nguva yekukohwa inowira musi waSeptember-October.
Sezvarinobereka: mhete dzinobereka muzvimba uye zvinotyisa zve pericarp, zvichiyeuchidza se capsule, iyo inobviswa kana yakanyorova.
3. Cranberries
Iyo inokura: muRussia inokura cranberries yemaduku-fruited marudzi (tundra, masango-tundra, kuchamhembe kwemvura) uye yakajairika (kumaodzanyemba kweVolga, Caucasus, Kuban), kuchamhembe kweParis, North America. Makuru-fruited cranberries anokura mumakomo eAppalachian.
Nzira yekukura nayo: inodyarwa muvhu rakaoma jecha nenzira yekudengesa mizambiringa. Mbeu dzinowanikwa pakupera kwaJuly uye dzine ruvara rwebhuruu, ruvara rutsvuku. Gore roga roga, kubva pane imwe michero kusvika kumunda, varimi vanotenderera vanounganidza mazana majiroji. Kutanga kwekuunganidza ndeSeptember, danho rechipiri ndiNovember uye chechitatu inowira pakutanga kwegore.
Sezvazvinokura: ruby mikanda iri kuvanda pedo nevhu pasi pemafuta.
4. Cashew
Iyo inokura: Indian nut, sezvinonziwo, inobva kubuda kweBrazil. Kusvika iye zvino, inokura zvakare muIndonesia, Western, South Africa, India, Iran, Azerbaijan.
Nzira yekukura nayo: muti uyu unogara uri wemizambiringa unowanzoita mamita gumi nematanhatu, uye mumatokari anowedzera kusvika mamita 30. Hauna hanya mukutarisira, asi kutya kwechando. Mbeu dzakasimwa dzakasimwa muvhu rakakosha, yakasvibiswa. Cashew inokura nokuzvidira pachinangwa chemazuva uye mumumvuri usina kukwana.
Sezvainoibva: pakuonekwa, michero yakaibva inoratidzika seapuro, iyo iyo dzimwe nguva inonzi "cashew apple". Vashandi vanounganidza michero yakaibva (kwegore - inenge 30 000), vachiyeuchidza fomu iyo, yakaomeswa muzuva, uye inocheneswa kubva pachigamba. Nenzira, pakati pehomwe yepamusoro uye ganda rine chefoic phenolic resin, iyo, kusvika paganda, inogona kuita kuti kuonekwa kwekupisa.
5. Pistachios
Iyo inokura: nzvimbo yekuberekwa yemuti muduku uyu ndiyo nzvimbo dzine makomo yekumaodzanyemba kumadokero uye nechepakati peAsia, kumadokero kweTurkmenistan, Afghanistan uye kuchamhembe kweIran. Iye zvino vanokura muU.SA, Crimea, neCaucasus.
Nzira yekukura nayo: shandisai muti uyu nemucheka. Inokura pamatombo, mashoma ivhu. Inogona kukonzera kupisa kwemvura kusvika kune -25 ° C, kusanaya, uye kunze kwayo inenge isingateereri mukutarisira. Pistachio inonziwo maruva emuarimondi. Inokura kusvika mamiriyoni 10. Zvibereko zvinoonekwa pakupera kwaJuly-kutanga kwaSeptember.
Sezvazvinokura: pakarepo kana mahwanda akavhara muvhu akaora simba, kukohwa kunotanga. Muti unofanira kuzununguswa zvishoma kuitira kuti pistachios iwire pasi. Imwe yakadaro yemarimondi yakasvibirira inogona kupa kusvika kune makirogiramu makumi mapfumbamwe emapete.
6. Pineapple
Iyo inokura: Paraguay uye kumaodzanyemba kweBrazil. Mazuva ano, pineapples yakawanda iri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweAsia. Thailand ndiyo mutungamiri wenyika mune zvekutengeswa kwechimiro ichi chinonzi herbaceous.
Nzira yekukura nayo: paminda mumunda wakasimwa miti yakasimwa kwete kupfuura masendimita makumi maviri. Kuti uwane kukohwa kwakanaka, michero inobatwa neacetylene, iyo inokonzera maruva akawanda eninanfle. Ichi chibereko chinogona kupona pakunaya. Nenzira, haasi kukura pamuchindwe, sevamwe vanotenda, asi pasi sekateksi. Maruva anotanga gore nehafu mushure mekudyara. Iyo fetus inotanga kuumbwa kwemwedzi 3-6.
Sezvarinobereka: kubva pineapple yakakwirira inobereka spicate inflorescence, iyo inobereka maruva. Mumazuva ekupedzisira akaumbwa majiroji, ayo, kana azere nemvura, akavharwa uye anogadzira michero yakawanda uye inofadza.
7. Kocoa nyemba
Iyo inokura: muti wetiroti, zita rechipiri rekocoa nyemba, yakakura muCentral America, Africa. Iye zvino mubiki mukuru muCote d'Ivoire. Nzvimbo yechipiri inogara neIndonesia. Kurutivi rwacho kunoenda Bali, iyo iri pakati nechekumabvazuva chikamu chayo chakakwanisa kukura mahara. Vafambisi vanobatanidzawo nyika inotevera: Ghana. Brazil, Nigeria, Ecuador, Malaysia, Colombia, Cameroon.
Nzira yekukura nayo: muti unosvika pakakwirira mamita 15. Unotanga kubuda pazera remakore mashanu, uye chibereko chinoonekwa mushure memakore makumi matatu nemakumi matatu nemakumi matatu. Chibereko chikuru chinowanikwa mumiti yakakura kupfuura makore gumi nemaviri. Kukohwa kunounganidzwa kaviri pagore: yekutanga - pakuguma kwemvura inonaya, yechipiri, yekupedzisira-isati yatanga ino.
Sezvarinobereka: chibereko chikuru kusvika masendimita makumi maviri, chakaumbwa sekaucucumber nemononi. Pakutanga iine ruvara. Nokufamba kwenguva, inosviba maroon, uye yakatsvuka-yakatsvuka yellow. Mbeu yakakura iri mukati memichero ine ganda rakaoma. Idzo dzakapoteredzwa nemapupa anonaka uye ane mashizha, ayo ane anenge 50 kocoa nyemba.
8. Zvikwata zveBrussels
Iyo inokura: yakanga iri muMediterranean, yakabva pane makisikiti makabhi. Inokurudzirwa kuWestern Europe, Canada, USA uye nechepakati nzvimbo dzeRussia.
Nzira yekukura nayo: yakadyarwa mu loamy yakaorera ivhu, yakazara nezvinhu zvakasikwa, pakupera kwaMay kana kutanga kwaJune. Kukohwa ndiko kuguma kwaSeptember.
Sezvairi kubvaruka: kumativi ose cylindrical thick stems fomu kumativi ose mapikodhi. Imwe michero yakadaro inobereka kubva 20-40 kana kupfuura kochanchikov inorema 8-15 g.
9. Vanilla
Iyo inokura: murairi mukuru pane Madagascar. Mushure mokunge kuenda China neIndonesia.
Nzira yekukura nayo: vanilla inoreva ma lianas emhuri Orchid. Kuti iye akure, anonamatira kune mumwe muchengeti chaiye, uyo unoita kuti ave mumvuri uye kupisa kwemafuta. Vanilla anoda high humidity uye warmth. Iyi liana inokura kwemakore 10-12. Kugadzira ramangwana vanodha pods mune ramangwana, ivo vanokonzerwa nemapurini nemaoko. Rimwe vanilla risina kubviswa rinobvarurwa uye rinowanikwa kwenguva refu.
Sezvakaibva: pakati peJune pamuzambiringa wepods kukura kusvika 22 cm murefu. Mushure mekunge vaunganidzwa, vanoputirwa nemvura inopisa, vakafukidzwa nemabheji uye vakasara kwezuva. Zvadaro zvinomisa muzuva kwemaawa anenge mashanu. Munguva ino pods "inorema muviri" kanomwe. Zvadaro zvinosarudzwa nehukuru, zvakasungwa mumatanda uye zvinotumirwa kuimba yekuchengetera. Iye zvino unotanga kunzwisisa kuti nei vanilla pods inodhura.
10. Amamondi
Iyo inokura: muCrimea, Asia, Caucasus, Himalaya, Tien Shan, USA, Tajikistan, Israel.
Sekukura: almond inokura chete pamatombo uye mumatope. Chiedza chinoda uye chinosarudza ivhu rakafuma mu calcium. Yakadyarwa mumazamu apera kana mangwanani ekutanga. Iyo shrub iri pakakwirira mamita 4-6 m inotumbuka munaMarch-April, uye michero inoonekwa munaJune-July. Fruiting inotanga nemakore 4-5 uye inopera makore makumi mashanu. Zvinofadza kuti muarumondi unosvika makore 130.
Apo inobereka: michero inenge yakaoma, yakanaka odnokostyanku. Mukutanga kweSeptember, hombe yeamamondi yakaruka inoputika. Mushure memavhiki matatu, pericarp inova yakaoma uye yakasvibiswa kubva pfupa rinodyiwa. Iko kukohwa pachako kunotemwa nematanda mamiriyoni mana kure uye nekubatsirwa nemambure marefu anenge akakomberedza muti, uye ipapo vashandi vanotanga kupfura pamusoro pavo kukohwa. Iko inotunganidzwa maamondi inotanga kuronga.