Kuvhurika kwakashama kunowanikwa apo pfupa harina kumirisana nechisimba uye rinopera nematende mashoma. Zvichienderana nehutachiona hwehutachiona hunoenderana nekurapa, nguva yekudzoka, uye, zvechokwadi, chiitiko: kana chikamu chakaparara chemuviri chinogona kudzoka nekushanda zvakanaka, sekutanga.
Zviratidzo zvekuvhurika kuputika
Zviratidzo zvekuvhurika zvakashama zvinoonekwa pakarepo, zvakasiyana neivo yakabvumira, apo pakarurama kwekuongororwa kunokosha kuita x-ray. Ichokwadi ndechokuti nemapapiro akanyatsovhenekera zvinyorovara zvakashata uye kazhinji zvinosangana nekubuda ropa kwakanyanya, izvo zvinofanira kumira pakarepo. Zvechokwadi, kuputsika kwakashama kunosangana nemarwadzo uye kushamisika kuduku kwechikamu chakakanganiswa.
Kuvhurika kwakashama kunoitika apo rukavhunika pfupa pacharo rinokuvadza zvinyoro zvinyoro kubva mukati kana nekuda kwesimba remagetsi kubva kunze (kana pakaitika njodzi kana chikwata ichipinda mumagadzirirwo anofambisa kubasa).
Zviratidzo zvikuru zvekuvhurika kwemafupa akazaruka ndezvi:
- iyo yakagadziriswa yekare iyo chikamu chemuviri apo kuputsika kwakashama kunofungidzirwa;
- kubuda ropa;
- kurwadziwa;
- kuonekwa kwemafupa akaora;
- kupinza kunokera kudonha;
- kushungurudzika kwechakaitirwa (kushungurudza kunetseka kana kuputsika kwemapfupa makuru).
Kuenzanisa kwemafuro akazaruka
Chokutanga pane zvose, ivo vanozivikanwa nekuda kwekukuvara kwezvinyama zvishoma:
- chinonyanya-kana masukisi akaparara nekuda kwesimba remamiriro ekunze;
- yechipiri - apo mishonga inokuvadzwa nemapapu emapfupa kubva mukati.
Ipapo marudzi ezvimedu zvakashama anozivikanwa maererano nehupenyu hwekuparadzwa kwemapfupa:
- transversal;
- oblique;
- longitudinal;
- helical.
Maererano nehuwandu hwe "mhirizhonga", kuputsika kunoratidzika:
- coarse-lipped;
- multi-lobed.
Maererano nechinzvimbo chefupa:
- kuvhuvhuka kuputika nekuparadzanisa (kunogona kuitika zvose nekuda kwekukuvara pachako, uye nekuda kwekudzivirira kwemashure shure kwayo);
- Vhura kuputsika pasina kusarura.
Kubatsira kwekutanga nekutsemuka kuputika
Emergency care for fracture yakasununguka inonyanya mukurapwa kwemurwere pamatanda.
Kana ikanonoka, saka zvinokosha kuisa murwere pamubhedha nemusoro wepamusoro wakasimudzwa, kana pane kubuda ropa kwakanyanya, zvinokosha kushandisa tamboi yepamusoro pane kuputsika kwewebsite uye kushandura maronda. zvisinei, utachiona hunogona kuitika. Nzvimbo yakakanganisika inofanira kusiiwa yoga kusvikira kusvika kweumwe nyanzvi. Asi inofanira kuyeukwa kuti iyo hemostatic plait inofanira kusara kwenguva refu (inopfuura 1.5 maawa), nokuti izvi zvinogona kutungamirira kuanaerobic utachiona.
Kurapa kwekuvhurika kwevhu
Chokutanga pane zvose, ronda racho rinorapwa neanoriseptic, ropa rinomiswa nechisungo chekumanikidza, uye ipapo bhazi rinotakura rinoshandiswa. Kusvikira panguva iyo, mapfupa uye kubvisa zvimedu zvavo muvhu rakavhurwa zvakasununguka haigoni kutamiswa. Dhayi inogadzirirwa kuitira kuti igadzirise zvinyorwa zviri pedyo kune nzvimbo yekukuvara.
Anesthesia, nzvimbo yekuputsika nekujova mishonga mukati mechipfupa chinenge chisina kunaka, nokuti iyo ichayerera ichibva panga.
Kana zviitiko zvinoshungurudza zvinotyisa, vanoita madokiki ane zvinodhaka zvinopesana,
Apo munhu wacho akabatwa kuchipatara mune dhipatimendi rokuvhiya, vanachiremba vanoongorora chirwere chake (kusuruvara uye kuomesa), kuita rayography uye, pasi pese kana munharaunda yeanesthesia, bvisa zvinhu zvakanyanya: mapfupa emapfupa, miviri yekunze, zvisingasviki tisiki, uye oshambidza ronda racho nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya uye antiseptics. Kana zvichidikanwa, ronda racho rinoputika, uye pashure, gypsum inoshandiswa kugadzirisa mapfupa.
Mushure mokunge chirwere chacho chichigutsa, gypsum inobviswa uye physiotherapy uye physiotherapy nzira dzinorayirwa.