Sinusitis, zviratidzo zvingave zvakajeka uye zvinonzwisiswa sezviratidzo zvezvimwe, zvishoma, zvakanyanya, zvirwere, zvinogona kuita munguva pfupi zvinokonzera matambudziko anonyadzisa. Nokudaro, zvakakosha zvikuru kukwanisa kusiyanisa hutachiona kubva pane rhinitis nyore uye kupindura munguva yekuzviratidza kunorwadza.
Chii chinonzi sinusitis uye ine ngozi sei?
Kuti tinzwisise zvakakwana mubvunzo weiyo genyantritis, ngatishandirei kutema uye mafungiro ehupenyu uye funga muchidimbu chimiro chemukati chemhino uye zvivako zviri pedyo zvakabatana nazvo. Nzvimbo yechipfuva, iri pakati pemakumbo emuromo, maziso eziso uye anterior cranial fossa, ndiyo kutanga kwepurogiramu yokufema. Inotaurirana nemamiriro ezvinhu kuburikidza nemhino uye kuburikidza ne choana - pamwe ne-pharynx, yakagadzirirwa nekamu membrane uye yakaparadzaniswa ne septum kusvika mumakumi maviri ehafu.
Izvo zvinonyanya kuitwa mabasa emhino ndeokuti: kunopisa nekuchenesa mhepo nekufuridzirwa, kudzivirirwa kubva kumakandachiona, izwi rokuumbwa nevamwe. Kazhinji kushanda kwechirongwa ichi hakugoneki pasina rubatsiro rwematare akabatanidzwa naro - the paranasal (accessory) sinus ari mumapfupa echiso chebhehenya. Imwe mazita avo is sinus. Zvivi zvinyorwa zvemhepo zvinoshamisa, zvakare zvakasunganidzwa nemucheka mishonga, iyo inobatanidza nemapapiro mumasidomoses maduku. Pakazara pane 4 sinuses - 3 pairi uye 1 isina kubhadhara.
Zvivi zvakakura zvikuru kune rumwe rutivi rwemhino mumutsara wepamusoro uye zvinonzi maxillary sinuses. Kuvhiringidza kwemukati wechipfuva chemaximillary sinus, iyo imwe nyaya ye sinusitis (kuvhunika kwechivi), inonzi sinusitis. Panguva imwechete sechikonzero chekuzvikudza, chiedza che anastomosis chinopera uye kusvibiswa kwechitsiko chechivi chinoitika, kuputika kwayo uye kuchenesa kunokanganisa, izvo zvinofadza kukura kwe microflora pathogenic.
Zvirwere zvinopisa munharaunda ino zvine ngozi nekuda kwepedyo kune nhengo dzakakosha dzakadai seuropi nemaziso. Mukuwedzera, hutachiona nehuwandu hweropa uye lymph hunogona kutorwa kune nhengo dziri kure. Uye kana chirwere chacho chakatangwa, zvinokwanisika kuparadza masvingo emapfupa ezvitema, izvo zvinokonzera kukanganisa. Zvinetso zvakajairika zve sinusitis, zviratidzo zvaro zvinowanikwa kare, ndezvi:
- otitis media;
- tonsillitis ;
- meningitis;
- ubongo hwepfungwa ;
- phlegmon cellulose orbit;
- sepsis;
- pyelonephritis;
- myocarditis.
Ndeapi ma genyantritis?
Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwekuita, hutsika hwenzira uye zvinhu zvinokonzera, kusiyanisa maitiro makuru akadaro e sinusitis:
- imwe-yakakomberedzwa-ine kuputika kwechimwechete;
- kumativi maviri - nekukundwa kwemasipi maviri mairi;
- acute - inopedza kwete kupfuura masvondo 3-4;
- chronic sinusitis - nekanguva yakareba nenguva dzekuwedzera uye kuregererwa;
- catarrhal - inoratidzwa nekubudiswa kwemascus-serous;
- kudya - bhakitiriya kuvhiringidza nekuumbwa kwepus;
- cystic-polypous-inflammation, inoratidzirwa nehutachiona hwekuwedzera kwezvinyuchi.
Catarrh we maxillary sinusitis
Nhengo imwe chete kana yepakati catarrhal sinusitis inowanzova danho rekutanga rekuputika kwemucosa, umo inokura uye inobereka muwandu hwakawandisa mucoid-serous exudate. Nokuda kwekuvhara kana kusarura zvishoma kwechikwata chekuderera, kusununguka hakungapindi mumumvuri wemvura, asi kunowedzera, zvichiita kuti kuwedzerwa mukati mekunetseka mune zvivi.
Purulent sinusitis
Chimiro chekuchenesa chinowedzera nekuda kwekusatorwa kana kusatarwa katarrha kutuka. Muchikanda chinounganidza mu sinus, mabhakitiriya epathogenic anotanga kukura, pakupindura iyo maitiro ezvirwere zvemuviri anowedzera kubudiswa kweeukocyte kupinda mukutarisa kwehutachiona kurwisana nawo. Chirevo cheizvi ndechekuumbwa kwepus mumusasa we maxillary. Inonyanya kuipa ndeyomuviri yakawanda purulent maxillary sinusitis.
Cystic-polyposis sinusitis
Mhando dzakadaro dzechirwere chine kukura kusina kukwana kwemasukisi munharaus, yakadai se cystic kana polyposis sinusitis, kazhinji inova kuenderera kwezvirwere zvisingaperi. Kunzvimbo yechipfuva mumatambudziko akawanda kune imwe. Polyps uye cysts, izvo zvinorema kukura, zvinogona kukura kwemakore, zvichizadza nzvimbo yose ye sinus, ichivhara anastomosis nekuita kufema kunonetsa.
Sinusitis - zvinokonzera
Tinonyora zvikonzero zvinokonzera sinusitis:
- Zvirwere zvinoputika (viral, bhakitiriya, fungal);
- zvirwere zvinokonzera zvirwere;
- kuberekwa kana kuwanikwa kusakanganiswa kwemaitiro emasango (semuenzaniso, kuputika kwema septum );
- kukuvadzwa kwepurogiramu yokufema;
- Zvirwere zvemazino emujaya wepamusoro (caries, periodontitis, granulomas yemidzi yemeno).
Muzviitiko zvizhinji, kuputika kwechivi sinasi inopesana nechepamusoro pemapfupa ekudzivirira kuputika kwehutachiona hwepachirwere, umo mucosa wemvura yakasvibiswa inoshandiswa. Maererano nehuwandu, chegumi chegumi che ARVI chakakanganiswa nesusitis. Nokurapa zvisina kukodzera, kuderedza simba rekudzivirira zvirwere, bhakitiriya rinoshandiswa, kuwedzera kwechirwere chechirwere ichibatanidza nemaruva evhu.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zve sinusitis?
Zviratidzo zve sinusitis zvinotarisana nemhando yechirwere. Kana acute sinusitis inokura, zviratidzo zvayo zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa, zvichikura zvishoma pashure pekutsvaira (tsvina, utachiona hwehutachiwana). Chirwere chechirwere sinusitis chinowanzova chinyoro, chinotyisa, asi chiripo kwenguva refu. Chimiro chisingararamiki chakafanana mumakiriniki ekuratidzira ane acute pachigamba chekuwedzera, izvo zvinowedzera panguva yehutachiona, zvinokonzerwa nehasha pamugwagwa wekupemha, nezvimwe zvakadaro.
Ikutanga zviratidzo zve maxillary sinusitis
Zviratidzo zvekutanga zve sinusitis, zviratidzo zvinogona kuonekwa kare musi wechipiri wechitatu wechirwere. Izvi zvinosanganisira:
- kusagadzikana kwemazamu musingagumi, kuoma mukufema kwepasi;
- kusunungura kubva mumhino yehupenyu hwakasiyana;
- kuyerera kwehutura pasi mushure remasopharynx, zvichiita kupisa nekukanganiswa;
- inzwi remanzwi;
- fever;
- general malaise;
- headache;
- kupisa munzvimbo yezvitema zvakatsva;
- kukanganisa kunhuhwira, kuravira zvinonzwa.
Zviratidzo zve sinusitis, zviratidzo - kunoshungurudza kupi?
Pain in genyantritis inowanikwa munzvimbo yepamusoro pane imwe kana kumativi ose maviri emakona emapapiro emhino, pasi pemeso, apo maono macillailla anowanikwa. Munharaunda iyi, pangangodaro kuve nekudzikama zvishoma, uye nekumanikidzwa, kunzwa kunorwadza kunowedzera. Mukuwedzera, kurwadziwa kunotora chirevo chekuti unhu hupi kana musoro uchinge wadzikidzwa pasi, uchigunzva. Kufungidzira kunowanzoonekwa sekumanikidzika, kuputika, kukwevera, kutengesa. Varwere vazhinji vanogunun'una pamusoro pemusoro wemusoro, kurwadziwa munharaunda pakati pemashizha, mumutsara wepamusoro pedyo nemhara.
Zvichida nguva dzose kutsika yegenyantritis here?
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti kupisa mugenyantritis hakusi nguva dzose, saka kunyange kana pasina fever, munhu haagoni kufunga kuti hapana chakaipa chiri kuitika. Kazhinji kuwedzerwa kwe thermometer kunokwana 37-38.5 ºC yakanyorwa mumutambo wakachena wehutachiona, iyo inoratidza kurwisana kunoshanda kwechirwere nematachiona ehutachiona. Mune chirongwa checatarrha uye munyaya yekusingaperi sinusitis, kutonhora kunogona kugara mumiganhu yakakwana.
Kusununguka kubva mumhino ne genyantritis
Sinusitis, zviratidzo zvaro zvinosanganisira kuonekwa kwekusununguka kubva mumhino, inorongerwa maererano nehupenyu hwavo. Zvichienderana nechinokonzera uye chigamba chechironda, kubudiswa kubva mumadziro emvura kunogona kuva:
- yakawanda-inoratidza kuti zvitema hazvidzivirirwi, uye kune kubuda kwemucheka yakabudiswa;
- murombo - anotaura nezvekuvhara zvakakwana kana kusarura kwemahudhu akasiyana;
- zvakajeka - zvakarongeka mumutambo wecatarrha;
- bhuruu - inofanirwa kudikanwa kwebhakitiriya pathogenic microflora;
- yellow - chiratidzo che purulent process;
- neropa-kubudiswa kubva mumhino ne genyantritis, ine mitsetse yeropa, inokonzerwa nekuputsika kwemidziyo muzvivi (dzimwe nguva izvi zvinokonzerwa nekushandisa zvakanyanya vasoconstrictive mishonga kana kushingaira kukuru).
Kuongororwa kwegenyantritis
Sezvo zviratidzo zvegenyantritis zvingagadziriswa, kuongorora chiremba we ENT haisi nguva dzose kukubvumira kuti ugadzirise kuongorora kwakarurama, kuti unzwisise kuti chii chinotangira chirwere chacho. Mukuona kweizvi, zvidzidzo uye zvidzidzo zvebhoratori zvinogadzwa:
- X - raira -mu genyantritis, iyi ndiyo nzira inonyanya kuongororwa, nemhaka yekuti zvinogona kuonekwa kuwedzera kusina kuenzana kwemukati wechipfuva chezvitema, zvichifungidzira zvisingakwanisi kugadziriswa uye kutarisa huwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu huri mukati mawo maererano nehupamhi hwemvuri iri mumufananidzo.
- Computed tomography - iyi nzira inokurudzirwa kana ichifungidzirwa nezve sinusitis, zviratidzo zvayo zvinotsigirwa nekuongorora mumuviri, asi X-ray kuongororwa hakusi kusimbisa izvi. Nzira yacho yakarurama uye inodzidzisa, nenzira iyo nyika yezvitema iri nani kuongororwa.
- Kuongorora ropa kwese - kunogona kuratidza leukocytosis uye kuwedzera kwezinga re erythrocyte sedimentation, iro rinoratidza chirwere chinopisa.
- Bakposev pane microflora ye punctate yemasipirasi akawanda - chidzidzo chinangwa chekuziva causative agent yehutachiona uye kusarudza kunzwisisika kwepathogen kune mamwe mishonga. Iyi nzira inoparadzaniswa inosarudzwa mumatambudziko akadai kana chirwere chakakomba, mungozi yakakura yezvinetso, uye kusagadzikana kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.
Sinusitis - chii chaunofanira kuita?
Mune mhaka iyo kliniki yemufananidzo inoratidza kuti kuvhuvhuta kwechivi chemaximillary chakakonzerwa nechepamusoro pechirwere chekudzivirira utachiona hwehutachiona (zviratidzo zvikuru zvehutano zvakatangira zviratidzo zvakadai sefivha, runny nose, kupopota, nezvimwewo), kurapwa kwakanyanya hakudi. Chinhu chikuru chekuita kana genyantritis iri pachitambo checatarrha ndechokuti nguva dzose iite uhu hwakanaka hwomukati hunoshandisa sarine solutions uye chengetedza microclimate muimba kuitira kuti musikana urege kuoma uye kuoma.
Iyo bhakitiriya uye chimiro chechirwere chechirwere chinodikanwa kushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya uye antifungal, iyo chiremba anofanira kusarudza. Mukuwedzera, chirongwa chekuchengetedza chinogona kusanganisira kushandiswa kwemishonga yakadaro:
- madonhwe evasoconstrictive (Pharmazoline, Naphthysine , Vibrocil );
- antihistamines (Erius, Loratadin, Cetrin);
- antiseptic solutions (Chlorfillipt, Miramistin);
- mucolytics (Ambroxol, ATSTS).
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kunyura uye kubvisa zvitema zvinorayirwa ne "cuckoo" nzira kana sinus evacuation, physiotherapy (ultraphonophoresis, inhalation nevamwe) inoitwa. Kana chirwere chakadaro chisingaitisi zvigumisiro, kuvhara kwepurasitiki (kuvhara) kwechirimusi kunoitwa kubvisa zvakagadzirwa pathogenic fluid uyezve kuchenesa.