Wakambofunga here kuti ungakura sei mushwa munyika? Inonzwika inoshamisa? Saka ndizvo. Kusvika ikozvino mumwe chete ari kuita izvi. Asi zvakadaro, wadii kuedza basa idzva, pane zvakawanda zvisingatsvaki mari yakawanda yejozi, hapana basa rinokosha. Muchiitiko ichi, iwe uchakwanisa kukohwa zvirimwa zvinoshamisa kunze kwekukwikwidza kwevamwe vanochera mushwa uye nzendo dzinotyisa kusango. Sezvo wakanyatsonzwisisa chikamu chitsva chekurima, iwe unokwanisa kugadzika kukohwa kwako kutengesa.
Ungadyara sei mushwa munyika?
Kune dzimwe nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekudyara mushwa munyika:
- Kushandisa mycelium kutorwa kubva musango. Panguva yekuunganidzwa kwehowa musango, wakaona kuti fungi inowanzokura pedyo nemiti. Munzvimbo idzi ivhu rinongorongedzwa ne mycelium yavo. Zvose zvaunoda kuita ndezvokutumira chidimbu cheiyi mycelium kune site yako. Pane dacha nokuda kwekugoverwa kwemycelium, unofanirwa kuumba mamiriro akafanana nemamiriro ekukura kwehowa musango, kubva kwawakabatora. Iwe uchada substrate chaiyo, iyo iyo inogona kunge yakave yakasviki uye uswa. Sezvo ndaisa mycelium pane sarudzo yakasarudzwa yemunda, zvinodikanwa kuifukidza nemashizha uye kutarisira zvakanaka yayo hydration. Mumasvondo 2-3 uchawana kukohwa kwako kokutanga.
- Tumira kune dacha yemuonde mushroom une hutachiwana (tsvina, hemp). Iyi nzira haina kufanana. Izvo hazvidi kushanda nesimba. Dambudziko rega roga nderokuendesa kwete fungi chete, asiwo vane chepfu. Izvi zvinofanira kunyatsoongororwa. Mune imwe nzvimbo yaunoronga kuisa chitupa kana gomba, iwe unofanirwa kuumba zvinhu zvakanyanya kunaka kune mushroom - shading, humidity.
- Kushandisa spores kubva kumamori akaomeswa. Nokuda kweizvi zvakakosha kuunganidza zvikumbi zvekare zvehowa musango, zviomise, zviputse uye zvinyanye kuparadzira pamunda wavo. Nguva dzose kunyorera kwevhu kuchakurumidza kugovera migumisiro - mushwa uchatanga kuonekwa mu dacha yako.
Zvigadzirwa zvekukura mushwa
Oyster mushroom, iyo inotengeswa muzvitoro gore rose, inokurudzirwa nenzira yekugadzira yakawanda pazvivako zvakakosha. Iwe unogona kutarisa kubereka kwavo mumamiriro ezvinhu kunyange kunyange chiduku chiduku kana sevhavha. Mumwe munhu anoita bhizinesi-dzimba kubva mune izvi, uye vamwe vanongoda zvakakwana kuti vazvipe ivo uye vose avo vadiwa newaini kuti vashandise. Nzira yekukura mushwa munyika?
Chigadziriro chekukura mushwa chinoratidzika seizvi:
- chigadziko chinoumba uswa, sawdust yemiti isiri-coniferous, peels kubva kumbeu, yakapwanyika mumarara uye kusungirirwa mumvura inopisa;
- mapepa e polyethylene ane mashizha ega ega 10-15 cm, umo iyo yakagadzirwa pasi yakagadzirwa;
- mushroom mycelium, iyo inofanira kuiswa mumabhegi pakati pezvikamu zve substrate.
Ndeapi mahowa anogona kudyarwa munyika?
Munenge mhando ipi neipi yemusango mushwa unogona kubudirira kubudirira pamba pavo. Inonyanya kukohwa mushwa munyika iyi ndeyi:
- iyo yemota;
- white fungus;
- poderezozovik;
- mafuta anogona;
- redhead.
Ungakura sei mushroom mushwa?
Mambuka anogona kukura mumabhegi, mabhokisi, pamubhedha. Kukohwa kwakakosha kunobereka kukura mumamiriro ezvinhu, izvo zvinoreva, mumasaga kana mabhokisi. Mukuwedzera, saka unokwanisa kutarisa zvirwere nezvirwere, kungozviparadzanisa zvimene zvine utachiona. Saka, kumubvunzo wekuraira kwakanakisisa kukura mushwa pamba, mhinduro ndeyokugadzira mamiriro akakodzera mukati medu.
Kukura mushwa wejecha risina tsvina kana sawdust substrate haingakwani. Iwe unoda hutano hwakanaka, hunosanganisira mapepremshuyu uswa uye mbeu dze rye kana gorosi. Inogona kutengwa kubva kumasangano ezvekurima. Kwairi, unoda kuwedzera gorosi yemafuta (kusvika ku80% yehuwandu) kana mullein. Inokodzera shiri dzinodonha, asi zvibereko zvewawaini zvichave zvishoma. Mune substrate iyi, mycelium yakaiswa pachiyero che 400-500 g pamakiromita mana.
Saka, sei kukura mushroom munyika? Kuisa mycelium mumabhegi ane substrate, unofanira kumirira kwemazuva matatu, ezvo uite 5-6 slots muhomwe imwe neimwe uye uende murima pane kutonhora kwe + 18-20 ° C. Kare mushure memasvondo matatu muzvipfeko pachava nehokutanga mushwa. Pano, iwe unoda kuendesa mabhegi kune imwe nzvimbo inovhenekera uye yakavhara-awa-yekamuri inopenya uye inotonhora ye + 20-27 ° C uye yakakwirira humidity (70-95%). Champignons ichakura kukura kwayo yakakodzera mumasvondo 3-4. Kuunganidza kukohwa kwavo, unofanirwa kutamisa mabhegi kumashure mune imwe nzvimbo yerima, pavanotanga kukura zvakare mushure mevhiki.
Kukura kwemachena mushroom munyika
Mambo wehowa anokubudirira anowedzera pane imwe nzvimbo yakagadzirirwa. Nzira yekukura sei mushwadzi munyika? Kuti uwedzere ivo, unogona kushandisa imwe yenzira dzinotsanangurwa pamusoro - kudyarwa kwemycelium, kudyara kwemycelium (kusanganisira kutenga mycelium), kupararira kwe spores. Aya mahombekombe emahombe mushwa mu dacha anokura pedyo nemiti, apo iwe unoda kubvisa hafu yemita mita yevhu kuti uorare iyo compost, mbeu, mycelium kana mycelium uye unovafukidza nehupamhi yemashizha. Nzvimbo iyi ine mycelium inofanira kunge ichidiridza nguva nenguva. Munguva yechando, mycelium inofanira kutumirwa nemumiti uye yakavharwa nefirimu kana zvichidikanwa.
Nzira yekukura sei oyster mushroom munyika?
Nekurima veshenok iwe uchada zvakagadzirwa, zvakataurwa pamusoro (substrate, mycelium uye mabhegi). Mubvunzo unoramba uzaruka: ungakura sei mushroom, iyo imwe nzvimbo iri nani kwavari yekugadzirira, kuidzikisa, nezvimwe. Imba yeiyi inofanira kuvharwa, rima, uye inogara ichidziya ye 22-25 ° C uye inonaya inenge inenge 95%. Pashure pemakore 20-30 mushure mokutanga kwekurima, kutonhora muimba yacho kunofanira kuderedzwa kusvika ku12-18 ° C.
Kumhanya uye kuchenesa ndiwo mamiriro anokosha ekukura huster mushroom. Kuti uite izvi, iwe unogona kuisa bhakiti remvura muimba uye kuisa fan. Kuvhenekera kwemaawa gumi nemaviri kunogona kupiwa magetsi e-fluorescent. Mushure mekuunganidza mairi maviri ehuster mushroom kubva pane rimwe sac, substrate inofanira kushandurwa. Muchero wezvibereko kubva kune 10 kg ye substrate ndeye 3 kg yemashiwa. Kwegore, kushandiswa kwe substrate kune nguva 4-5 pamusana. Icho chinotarisa kuti kubva pamamita ose emakiromita e "mushroom" ako iwe unogona kuunganidza anenge 80-100 kg yemashiwa.
Kukura chanterelles munyika
Nzira yekukura nayo chanterelles munyika - iwe unobvunza. Kuti uite izvi, unoda mycelium inomera mumidzi pedyo nemiti inokura. Kazhinji inenge muoki kana beech. Kuedza "kuita shamwari" chanterelles nemiti yebindu kunotadza kukundikana. Kana iwe usina muti wakakodzera, unofanira kuidyara. Zvakanakisisa kutora musango muti muduku uchigadzirira mycelium mumidzi. Kana uchichera muti, tora 15-20 cm wepasi uye coniferous litter. Dyara muti wakadaro mu penumbra, umupe nguva yekudiridza. Mukuwedzera, hazvidi kuti kudiridza ivhu - zvose zvinodiwa mushroom chanterelles zvinotora kubva pamidzi yemuti.
Kukura maorivhi munyika
Iyo inonyanya kukodzera kubereka iyi fungus nenzira yekukohwa mushroom. Kazhinji vanokura pakati pepine mapaini - iyi ndiyo nzvimbo yenyika yamatondo iwe unoda kutumira kune yako dacha. Nzira yekukura nayo mafuta paimba yekumba: mushwa aya hunokosha kuti ivhu rakange rakafuma muhara. Kuvhenekera kwenzvimbo yakasarudzwa kudyara kunofanira kunge yakaderera, isina chiedza chezuva. Mumazuva akaoma, mubhedha wemafuta anofanirwa kunwisa mvura yakawanda. Iko kukohwa kokutanga kuchaonekwa makore 3-4 gare gare.
Opencki pane kottage
Kana iwe uri mutsva kune nyaya dzokuti ungaita sei mushwa munyika yacho, tanga nezera rinoratidzika - rinomera . Mumusango, vanokura pamapumps uye hafu-dzakaora matanda. Iwe unongoda kutumira chimwe chinhu kubva pane ichi kuenda kunzvimbo yako. Imwe nzira ndeyokudyara mycelium pachigamba chechigumo chiri mumunda. Zvakanakisisa, kana iri chigamba chebhekete, aspen, poplar, willow, oak kana ash. Nzvimbo yekurima kwayo inofanira kunge yakanyarara uye yakanyorova. Chirimwa chekutanga mushure mokudyara mycelium chinogona kutarisirwa mushure memakore 1-2.