Myocardial infarction mumishonga inobatwa sechisimba chakakomba cheropa kunopa imwe chikamu chemwoyo. Iyi yakaoma mamiriro ezvinhu ane ngozi yakakura yekuguma kwechigumisiro, iyo inonyanya kukosha mumaawa maviri okutanga mushure mekurwisa uye inoderedzwa mushure mekugadzirisa matanho. Nokudaro, zvakakosha kuziva kuti kurwisa kwemwoyo kunozviratidza sei, zviratidzo, zviratidzo zvekutanga zvehutano.
Nei chikwata chemyocardial chichiitika?
Mwoyo wemasikari - myocardium - inoda kupfuurira oksijeni kupa nguva dzose kugadzira zvinopesana uye kuchengeta ropa riri kufamba mumuviri wose. Kugoverwa kwemisumbu yakatarisa neropa kunoshandiswa pamatambudziko emakironari, anobva kune aorta, bazi uye anotumirwa kumativi akasiyana emoyo. Zvinokosha ndiyo inokosha yepamusoro pemidziyo, iyo iri munharaunda yakashambidzwa uye yakagadzirira kupinda mumugwagwa weropa rine ropa, apo midziyo huru inopera.
Nekuguma kwekuyerera kweropa kusvika kumusana mwoyo mwoyo, zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona zvinokonzerwa munguva shoma uye masukisi anofa mune chimwe chinotarisa. Somugumisiro, kushanda kwomuviri kunenge kusina simba, nzvimbo ye-necrosis inogadziriswa inoshandiswa nehutachiona hunogadziriswa nehutu hwakaumbwa, hunozara nehurema. Kana pakanga pane chirwere chemwoyo, zviratidzo, zviratidzo zvekutanga zvakaratidzwa uye kubatsira panguva yakapiwa, mukana mukuru wekudzivirira necrosis, kurapa pasina migumisiro yakaipa.
Zvimwe zvinokonzera myocardial infarction zvakanyatsodzidza, kusanganisira nhamba dzezvipingamupinyi zvinokonzera, dzimwe dzisingagoni kubudiswa kunze, asi vamwe vanovimba nesarudzo yedu. Kuguma kweropa kunopinda mumuyocardium kunokwanisika nekuda kwezviviri zvinotungamirira zvirwere:
- atherosclerotic inoshandiswa mumaroto e coronary pamwe nekuvandudzwa kwe stenosis - munyaya iyi, chirwere chemwoyo chinoratidzira chirwere chemwoyo ;
- kwete-atherosclerotic kuchinja mu coronary heart arteries (spasm, embolism, vasculitis, kuwedzerwa ropa coagulability, nezvimwewo) - kurwisa kwemwoyo sechirwere chepfungwa-kusangana kwevamwe zvirwere.
Mamiriro ezvinhu anotevera anotsigira mamiriro ezvinhu asina kunaka kumusana kweecrosis mumusikariyamu:
- high blood pressure ;
- chirwere cheshuga mellitus;
- kuneta;
- kuvapo kwehuwandu hwecholesterol muropa;
- doro uye kusvuta kushandiswa;
- kugara achitsvaga kudzvinyirira;
- kusagadzikana kwekufambisa kana basa rakakura rekuita;
- kusakwana kwenhamba yekudzivirira ropa.
Myocardial infarction - zviratidzo
Madzimai, chirwere chinowanikwa mumatambudziko akawanda chinoitika munharaunda ye-menopausal, nokuti pamberi pekudzivirira uku kunokonzerwa nemahomoni, estrogens inodzora huwandu hwehushutera uye inokurudzira kuwedzera kwemitsipa yeropa. Pamberi pekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinotyisa zvinotora nguva yakawanda, panguva iyo inowanzonyora angina, mamwe matambudziko ane mwoyo nemidziyo yeropa. Asi kunyange izvi dzimwe nguva hazvirevi mafungiro asina hanya kune hutano hwevanhu, zviratidzo zveparction munguva yekutanga zvinongoratidzirwa, uye nguva inokosha yeuponeso yakarasika.
Zviratidzo zvekare kusati kwapera
Chikamu chechirwere chinoparadzaniswa kuva nguva dzinoverengeka, iyo yekutanga iyo isati yapora-kuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwechidimbu chekubuda ropa kusvika pamwoyo wemisungo. Inotora kubva kumaminitsi mashomanana kusvika mavhiki mashoma. Kuziva kuziva kushaya mwoyo, zviratidzo panguva ino, unogona kuchengetedza hutano hwako. Idzo zviratidzo zvinotyisa pamberi pekurwa kwepfungwa:
- chirwere chinorwadza chirwere, chinogara kwenguva, chichiwedzera uye chinonakidza nzvimbo dzose huru - marwadzo munharaunda yemwoyo inopa mutsipa, scapula, ruoko, chikamu chetatu chedu (nitroglycerin haibatsiri);
- kupfupika kwemhepo;
- kusunungurwa kwekutuka kunotonhora kunotyisa;
- nausea;
- kusawirirana kuita basa;
- kuzvidya mwoyo;
- chizoro;
- kuwedzera kwepfungwa yemwoyo uye rhythm yakavhiringidzika;
- cyanosis yemiromo.
Zviratidzo zvekutanga zvekurwa kwemwoyo
Zvadaro zvinotevera izvo zvinonzi nguva yakaoma, apo infarction, yekutanga zviratidzo zvayo isina kugamuchira kuita zvakakwana uye isina kudziviswa, inopinda muchikamu chinecrotic nekukura kweAaseptic kuvhiringidzika nekudyiwa kwezvinhu zvekufa kwechifu. Nguva yenguva ino inogona kusvika maawa mana. Ngationgororei, zvii zviratidzo pamusana pezvakaitika munyaya iyi:
- kuwedzera kwekutambudzika, kuwanikwa kwekurohwa, kupisa, kunyanya chimiro;
- kushushikana kukuru kana kusava nehanya;
- manzwiro ekushayikwa kwemhepo;
- kureba kweganda;
- miromo yebhuruu, nzeve, mhino.
Acute myocardial infarction - zviratidzo
Chikamu chinotevera chiri chakanyanya, apo myocardial infarction muvakadzi inowana dzimwe zviratidzo, iyo inobatana nekudururwa kweropa reNecrosis uye kukura kwekuvhiringidzika mumatukisi ari pedyo. Nguva yenguva yacho mazuva mashoma, zviratidzo zvinotevera zvinowanzoitika:
- kubvisa marwadzo (kazhinji kacho);
- kuwedzera kwekushisa kwemuviri;
- kuwedzera kwenhamba yemwoyo.
Zvichizoitika uye pashure pemazuva mashoma akazotevera, apo ruvara rwekugadzirisa nekugadziriswa kwenzwi remwoyo kune zvitsva zvinowanikwa mukati memavhiki mashomanana. Symptomatology inotarisana nekuoma, nzvimbo yeparct, iyo yakagadzirwa nekuda kwedambudziko. Kazhinji, hutano hwevarwere hunoonekwa sehunogutsa.
Kutanga rubatsiro rwekurwadziwa kwemoyo
Pashure pokushevedza ambulensi apo kujekesa zviratidzo kuonekwa, rubatsiro rwekutanga runofanira kupiwa rwemyocardial infarction kumunhu akabatwa, iro rinotevera:
- Kurambidzwa kwakakwana kwebasa rekuita, kutora nzvimbo yakagadzikana kana yakasara.
- Kuchengetedza kugara kwekugara kwemhepo.
- Kubvuma Nitroglycerin (pasi pemutauro) uye acetylsalicylic acid (chew) imwe piritsi.
- Kunyora mishonga yakanyorwa nachiremba kare.
- Kana zvichibvira, chengetedza ropa.
- Apo mwoyo unodzika - chivharo chakasimba pfupi mu sternum mumasekondi ekutanga, zvino-- kusarura kusina kujeka .
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Kuongororwa kwemyocardial infarction
Kana chirwere chemwoyo chikaitika, zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvokutanga zviri muzviitiko zvakawanda zvinopenya uye zvakajeka, izvo zvinoita kuti vanachiremba vakurumidze kuona chirwere. Kuti ujekese chimiro uye nzvimbo yechironda, chinangwa cherapa, nzira dzekuongorora myocardial infarction dzinodiwa:
- electrocardiography;
- angiography;
- laboratory blood tests (kugadziriswa kwe ESR, leukocytes, zviratidzo zvezvirwere zvinoputira, zviratidzo zve necrosis).
Nzira yekudzivirira sei kurwisa kwemwoyo?
Kuti kuderedze njodzi yekuvandudza mararamiro, kudzivirira kwemyocardial infarction inokurudzirwa, iyo mitemo mikuru ndeyi:
- Kudzora kweropa.
- Kudzora muviri.
- Kudzora huwandu hwehushutera nehuga muropa.
- Utano hwakanaka.
- Upenyu husina tsika dzakaipa.
- Nhamba yakananga yekuita basa.
- Kurambidzwa kwekutya kudarika.