Humanistic Psychology yakaguma nemafungiro akakomba evanhu veAmerica, vachitarisana nemubvunzo wekuti munhu uri chii pamusoro pezvo, chii chaanogona uye nzira dzekusimudzira. Zvechokwadi, mibvunzo iyi yakamutswa kare uye yakarongedzwa nevamiriri vezvikoro zvakasiyana. Zvisinei, hondo mbiri dzepasi dzakaunza kuchinja kwenyika munzanga, iyo inobatanidza kukosha kwemashoko matsva uye kunzwisisa.
Chii chinonzi kuongorora pfungwa dzevanhu?
Nyaya huru yekudzidza mazano evanhu mune zvepfungwa ndeyekuti ane hutano, akakura, anoshanda zvine simba, achitsvaka kukurudzirwa nekugara nekushandira hupenyu hwehupenyu hwakasimba. Nyanzvi dzezvepfungwa dzezvinoitika zvevanhu hazvina kupikisa munhu uye sangano. Kusiyana nedzimwe nzvimbo, vaidavira kuti kwakanga kusina kupesana pakati pevanhu uye munhu wacho. Pane zvinopesana, mumaonero avo, ndezvekubudirira kwehupfumi kunopa munhu pfungwa yekuzara kwehupenyu hwehupenyu.
Unhu hwepfungwa dzevanhu
Nheyo dzepfungwa dzevanhu dzinotangira mumitemo yefilosofi yevanhu vanoita zveKutanga, kweChiedza, yeGermany Romanticism, dzidziso dzaFeruerbach, Nietzsche, Husserl, Dostoevsky, Tolstoy, dzidziso yevepo existentialism uye kumabvazuva kwefilosofi uye zvechitendero.
Nzira yehutano hwevanhu inoratidzwa mumabasa evanyori vakadaro:
- A. Maslow, K. Rogers, S. Jurard, F. Barron, avo vakaratidza maonero avo pamusoro pehutano hwakanaka, hunoita hune hutano;
- pane kukurudzirwa kweunhu muhutano hwevanhu, dambudziko rekufambisa mauto mukuumbwa uye kukurudzirwa kwomunhu mumwe, pamusoro pezvinodikanwa uye maitiro akanyorwa na A. Maslow, V. Frankl, S. Bühler;
- dambudziko rehukama hwehukama uye kuzviratidza wega muhukama hunotsanangurwa naK. Rogers, S. Jurard, R. May;
- pamusoro pezvinetso zvekusununguka uye mutoro, akanyora F. Barron, R. May uye V. Frankl.
Nenzira yakawanda, unhu hwemunhu hunofungidzirwa mune zvakadai:
- munhu haasi mutsara wezvikamu, asi munhu wose;
- munhu mumwe nomumwe akasiyana, saka zvakakosha kuti asvike pane imwe nyaya yakadaro kubva pakuona kweunhu hwake. Kubva pane izvozvi zvinomiririra, nhamba dzemauto generalizations hazvina musoro;
- hupenyu hwevanhu humwe hutano hwekuve nekuva munhu;
- munhu ari munhu anoshingaira uyo anoda ruzivo;
- chinonyanya kukosha mupfungwa ndezvechiitiko chemunhu;
- munhu anogona kutungamirirwa nemitemo yake nemitemo, iyo inomubatsira kuva, pane imwe nzvimbo, kuzvimiririra kune zvinokonzera kunze.
Nzira dzehupenyu hwevanhu
Humanistic Psychology yakawanda, iyo yakatungamirira pakuwedzera kwezvenzira dzakakosha kune izvi zvinotungamirirwa. Pakati penzira dzakakurumbira ndezvekuti:
- nyanzvi yekurapa - kuzviziva kuburikidza nekukanda, mimhanzi, kufamba;
- Kudzidzira maitiro nemaitiro e I.Shultz - kubhabhatidza mukati mako, kukurukurirana nemukati wako;
- kutaridzika naC. Simonton - kuziva zvechido, kuvaka vavariro
kuburikidza nechitarisiko chinoonekwa; - nzira dzekumabvazuva, dzinosanganisira kufungisisa, yoga, hatha yoga, taijiquan, tantrism, nezvimwe.
- vegetotherapy yeBen Reich, yakabva pane pfungwa yokuti zvirwere zvisingaperi zvinokonzerwa nemisumbu inokonzerwa nekushungurudzika ;
- Neuro-linguistic programming, avo vakagadzira ndi J. Grinder na R. Bandler. Vakabhadhara zvakanyanya pamashoko ekutaura anogona kukanganisa pfungwa dzevanhu.
Zvingava zvisina kururama kudana pfungwa dzevanhu inoshandiswa nesayenzi. Panguva yekuonekwa, akatora nheyo inokosha mukuziva kuti kune munhu, uye zvakakurumidza kuva chimiro chechiitiko chinowanzoitika.