Zvidzidzo zveraibhurari zvinowanzoita chikonzero chekuongororwa kwezvirwere zvegynecological. Vanobatsira zvakananga kuziva chirwere ichi, kuraira kurapwa. Ngationgororei zvakadzama shanduro yakadaro seyo cytology yemukirini, kuti chii, kukuudza pamusoro pezvinhu zvemuitiro wacho.
Cytology yemukati-chii?
Inonzi cytology yemukirvix inoreva laboratory diagnostic methods. Nekubatsirwa kwavanachiremba vake kunogadzira chimiro chemugodhi wemudzinza. Kutaura nezvechidzidzogy yekudzidza yemukati, kutsanangura kuti chii, vanachiremba vanocherechedza kuti imwe yemhando dzayo yakashandiswa pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, neGreek Papa. Zita rake nhasi rinonzi chiratidzo-cytological kudzidza yemukati, chiratidzo chePAP. Kutsunga kwechimiro chemasero, kuonekwa kwezvivakwa nechitarisiko chechimiro, zvinoratidzira pazera rekutanga rekenza.
Chii chinonzi cytology chechibereko chechirwere?
Cytological muongorori wemukati mutsara unoratidza mamiriro emugodhi wemushonga weganda, rutivi rwemagetsi. Kana microscopic material, vanachiremba vanoongorora shanduko yemasero anodziputira. Kucherechedza kunokweverwa kuhukuru, huwandu uye sangano remukati rezvivako zvemagetsi. Iyi ndiyo nzira yekuongororwa kwematambudziko-akaita sematambudziko mukutanga, uye zvinyorwa zvisingatauriki, zvinoitwa. Kutaura pamusoro pekutsvakurudza kwakadaro, se cytology yemukatidzi, zvinorevei, vanachiremba vanoratidza mukana wekutarisa zvakananga danho rehutano hwehutano.
Unosarudza rini cytology?
Kuongororwa kworudzi urwu rwemadzimai hukurudzirwa kuti huitwe mukugadzirisa kwekudzivirira mushure mokunge musikana asvika ava nemakore makumi maviri nemaviri. Kusvikira makore makumi matatu, kuongorora kunoitwa kamwe chete mumakore matatu, kunze kwekuti zviitiko zvekare zvaive zvakasikwa. Mushure memakore makumi matanhatu nemashanu, chirwere chekenza chechibereki, chirwere chemvura chinonzi fluid, hachisi chikonzero kana mukadzi ave nemigumisiro 3 isina kunaka mumakore gumi akapfuura. Fluid cytology yemukatidzi inoitwa ne:
- kuronga kwekuita pamuviri ;
- kugara muchiuya (3-4 kununura mumakore mana ekupedzisira);
- kutanga kubereka kokutanga (kusvika pamakore 18);
- munguva yekuma-postopause ;
- shanduro ye intrauterine device ;
- kusavapo kwekutsvakurudza uku pakutanga, kana kumwe kuongorora maitiro ekuberekwa kwemakore anopfuura 3;
- kusawirirana pakati pemigumisiro yeongororo yekare yakasarudzwa (kuvepo kweatypiki masero);
- kuvapo kwekuonekwa kwechimiro chemuviri muchikamu chemuviri kana ichionekwa mumirazi - cytology kana kukanganiswa kwechirwere kunotarisa chikonzero chechirwere;
- mutoro weamamnesis nekuvapo kwezvirwere zvepachiviri muhama.
Kugadzirira cytology yemukatidzi
Nekuda kwekuita maitiro ekuongorora kwechirwere chechibereki kuti ave nechinangwa uye chakarurama, murwere anofanira kuchengetedza zvimwe zviitiko. Saka kugadzirira kwekuongorora kwechidimbu inonzi cervical canal kunosanganisira:
- Kusagadzikana kwekusimbisa uye mabhati kwemazuva matatu vasati vatora;
- Mazuva matatu kusati kwasarudzwa kusabatanidzwa pabonde;
- kushandiswa kwekushandiswa kwehuputi, makese kana mahwendefa, zvipembenene zvemukadzi kwemazuva mashanu vasati vapera;
- pazuva rekugadzirisa, 2 maawa asati aitika, zvakakosha kurega kunyura.
Ko cytology yemukatii?
A smear on cytology kubva kumwana wechibereko ndeyemvumo yekugadzirisa chirwere chekuongorora gynecological. Kuzvibata mumakiriniki, kubvunzurudza kwevakadzi. Murwere ari muchechi yegynecological. Chiremba anowedzera zvakanyanyisa kubva kune chikamu chekunze chemukati mutsara wemukati. Muchiitiko ichi, shandisa chinhu chakakosha - Eyre spatula. Zvivako zvemajeri kubva munharaunda yemudzimai zvinotorwa nekubatsira kwe endobrush - probe inokosha ine zvishoma zvishoma.
Muenzaniso wezvinhu zvakagadzirwa zvinoshandiswa kune slide, yakagadzirirwa uye inoshandiswa kune unyanzvi we laboratori. Anobata microscopy, asati atonhora smear. Mushure mekuita izvi, masero emuviri anokwanisa kuonekwa zvakajeka mubindu rekuona microscope, uye maitiro avo anogona kuongororwa. Kufungisisa kwebatsiri re laboratori kunotorwa kune chimiro, kunze kwekombe uye mukati mazviri. Zvose zvinoshandiswa zvinoratidzwa mumhedziso. Cytological kuongororwa kwemukati muPap test kunoitwa zvakananga.
Cytological examination of cervical smears - decoding
Mushure mokuita chidzidzo chakadaro, se cytology yemukatidzi, migumisiro yekuongorora inoongororwa chete nachiremba. Muchiitiko ichi, vanachiremba vanoshandisa Papanicolaou classifier. Nekubatsirwa kwekutsanangura kwake kwezviwanikwa zvakawanikwa. Vanachiremba vanoti chimwe chinhu chakaipa kana chakanaka chekudzidza. Yokutanga inopupurira kusavapo kwechirwere chemaitiro pamasimba emagetsi, masero easypical - kuchinja kwomufananidzo, ukuru, zvishoma kuparadzwa, hazviwanikwi.
Nechikonzero chakanaka, maitiro ehutano anonyorwa muhutano hwekubereka. Anomusi masero aripo mumunda wekuona microscope. Panguva imwecheteyo, nhamba yacho inodarika mitemo inobvumirwa. Zvinhu zveAtypical zvinogona kuva nehukuru hwakasiyana, chimiro, chimiro. Kuenderera mberi kubva pane izvi, kududzirwa kwechigumisiro kunoitwa, kuongororwa kunokonzerwa kunoitwa.
Cytology yemukati uteri - chimiro chekuongorora
Cytological kuongororwa kwekucheka kwechibereko chechibereko chechivivha, uye pasina kuchinja kwemasikirwo mumasero, ndiyo inowanzoitika. Muchiitiko ichi, zvose zviyero uye hutano hwezvikamu zvinofungidzirwa. Maseji anoenzaniswa nemafungiro e morphological. Muchikamu chinokonzerwa nechotogram, nyaya yacho inotsanangurwa zvakadzama, maererano nehukuru, chimiro, zvinyorwa uye fomu. Kazhinji nerudzi urwu rwekudzidza ndiyo tsanangudzo inotevera yetsanangudzo:
- Iyo smear ine masero e-single-layered cylindrical epithelium;
- Multilayer epithelial zvivako hazvipo;
- Atypical cellular formations haisi yakagadzirirwa mumunda wekuona.
Atypical cells mu cytology yemukati uteri
Kuongorora kwakashata kwekervical cytology chiratidzo chekuongorora kwakakwana, kusarudzwa kwezvidzidzo zvakare. Iyo yekupedzisira kuongororwa nemigumisiro ye cytology haisi pachena, saka kunyange kuvapo kweasypical masero mu smear hakugoni kuonekwa senzira inocological. Atypia yemasero yakagadzikana nekuputsa kwakadai se:
- kuvhiringidza nzira;
- keratosis;
- metaplasia;
- parakeratosis.