Nhema dzekare dzeEgypt dzinonakidza uye dzakabatanidzwa kune imwe huru nevanamwari vakawanda. Vanhu pane chimwe chiitiko chinokosha kana chiitiko chezvisikwa chakakonzerwa nevashandi vavo, asi ivo vakasiyana mune zviratidzo zvekunze uye hukuru hwemhando .
Vamwari vakuru vekare veEgipita
Chitendero chenyika inosiyaniswa nekuvapo kwezvitendero zvakawanda, izvo zvakananga kuonekwa kwevanamwari, izvo kakawanda zvinomiririrwa sevhubheni revanhu nemhuka. Vanamwari veEgipita uye kukosha kwavo kwaikoshesa zvikuru kuvanhu, izvo zvinotsigirwa nematemberi akawanda, zvifananidzo nemifananidzo. Pakati pavo, tinogona kuziva mwari mukuru, avo vaive nemhosva yezvinhu zvinokosha zvehupenyu hwevaEgipita.
Mwari weEgipita Amon Ra
Munguva dzekare, huMwari uhwu hwakaratidzwa semurume ane musoro wemakondohwe kana zvakakwana semhuka. Ari mumaoko ake anobata muchinjikwa ane ruvara, iyo inofananidzira upenyu uye kusafa. Mariri, vanamwari vekare veEgipita vakabatana naAmoni naRa, saka ane simba uye simba rezvose. Akanga achitsigira vanhu, achivabatsira mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma, uye saka akaiswa sekutarisira uye kugadzirisa zvinhu zvose.
MuEgypt yekare, mwari Ra naAmoni vakavhenekera pasi, vachifamba-famba mudenga nechokuno rwizi, uye usiku vachishandura kuNile yepasi pevhu kuti vadzokere kumba kwavo. Vanhu vaitenda kuti zuva nezuva pakati peusiku, akarwa nenyoka huru. Vakatora Amon Ra mukuru mukuru wevaharahara. Mune nyanzvi, unogona kuona kuti kunamata mwari uyu nguva dzose kwakashandura kukosha kwahwo, ipapo kuwira, zvino kubuda.
Mwari weEgipita Osiris
MuEgypt yekare, huMwari hwaimiririrwa mumufananidzo wemurume akaputirwa mune chifukidzo, icho chakawedzera kufanana kune mummai. Osiris aiva mutongi wehupenyu shure, saka korona yaigara ichigadzirwa korona. Maererano nemhemberero yekare yeEgypt, iyi ndiyo yaiva mambo wekutanga wenyika ino, naizvozvo mumaoko mumaoko ezviratidzo zvesimba-chiroto netsvimbo. Ganda rake rakasviba uye ruvara urwu runomiririra kuzvarwa patsva uye hupenyu hutsva. Osiris nguva dzose anofamba nemiti, semuenzaniso, lotus, muzambiringa uye muti.
Mwari weEgipita wekubereka anowedzera maitiro, ndiko kuti, Osiris akaita mabasa mazhinji. Akanga akaremekedzwa semuvaki wezvinomera uye simba rinogutsa rezvisikwa. Osiris aionekwa somuti mukuru uye mudziviriri wevanhu, uyewo mutongi wehupenyu shure, uyo akatonga vakafa. Osiris akadzidzisa vanhu kukudziridza nyika, kukura mazambiringa, kubata zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana uye kuita rimwe basa rinokosha.
Mwari weEgipita Anubis
Chinhu chikuru chehuMwari uhwu mutumbi wemurume ane musoro webwa imbwa kana jackal. Iyi mhuka yakasarudzwa kwete pangozi, chokwadi ndechokuti vaIjipita vaiwanzozviona mumakuva, saka vaishamwaridzana nehupenyu huri shure. Pane mamwe mifananidzo, Anubis inomiririrwa zvachose mufananidzo wemhumhi kana jackal, iyo iri pachifuva. MuIjipiti yekare, mwari wevakafa ane musoro wejackal aiva nemabasa akawanda anokosha.
- Vakadzivirira makuva, saka vanhu kazhinji vanonyengetera mifananidzo yeAnubis pamakuva.
- Vakabatanidzwa mukugadza vamwari uye pharao. Pamifananidzo yakawanda, maitiro ekudzikisa muviri akabatanidzwa nemupristi mune chikafu chembwa.
- Mutungamiri wemweya yakafa muhupenyu hunotevera. MuEgypt yekare vaidavira kuti Anubis anotumira vanhu kuruvanze rweOsiris.
Akayera mwoyo wemunhu akafa kuti aone kana mweya wakakodzera kupinda muumambo hunotevera. Pane zviyero kune rumwe rutivi unoiswa mwoyo, uye kune rimwewo - mwarikadzi Maat mufananidzo wemhou yemhou.
Mwari weIjipiti Seti
Akaratidza uMwari nemuviri womunhu uye musoro wemhuka yemano, umo iyo imbwa uye tapir pamwe. Chimwe chikamu chakasiyana chinorema wig. Seth ndiye hama yaOsiris uye mukunzwisisa kwevaIjipita vekare ndiye mwari wezvakaipa. Akanga achiwanzofananidzirwa nemusoro wemhuka dzvene - mbongoro. Vaifunga kuti Seti kuva munhu wehondo, kusanaya uye rufu. Zvose zvinetso nematambudziko zvakanzi kune uyu mwari wekare yeEgipita. Akanga asina kurasikirwa chete nokuti aionekwa somudziviriri mukuru weRa munguva yeusiku kurwisana nenyoka.
Mwari weEgipita weMakomo
Icho chiMwari chine miviri yakawanda, asi inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeye munhu ane musoro wechipfuva, apo korona pasina mubvunzo yakawanikwa. Chiratidzo chacho ndiro zuva rine mapapiro akatambanudzwa. Mwari wezuva reIjipita munguva yehondo akarasika ziso rake, iro rakazova chiratidzo chinokosha munhau. Iye ndiye chiratidzo cheuchenjeri, kuratidzira uye upenyu husingaperi. MuIkare yeEgypt, Ziso raHorusi rakange rakapfeka sechirwere.
Maererano nekutenda kwekare, Gore airemekedzwa sechinhu chinonyangadza, icho chinopinda muzvinyama zvayo neefonry claws. Pano pane imwe nhema, paanotenderera mudenga muchikepe. Mwari weZuva reMakomo akabatsira Osiris kumutswa, iro raakagamuchira mukuonga chigaro cheushe uye akava mutongi. Akanga achitsigirwa nevanamwari vakawanda, achidzidzisa nemashiripiti uye huchenjeri hwakasiyana-siyana.
Mwari weIjipiti muGeebhi
Kusvikira ikozvino, mimwe mifananidzo yepakutanga yakawanikwa nevanochera matongo. Geb ndiye mubati wenyika, izvo vaIjipita vaitsvaga kuti vataure uye mune chimiro chekunze: mutumbi wakatambanudzwa semarara, maoko akasimudzirwa kumusoro - kuonekwa kwemawere. MuEgypt yekare, iye aimiririrwa nemudzimai wake Nut, mutongi wekudenga. Kunyange zvazvo kune mirefu yakawanda, ruzivo pamusoro pezvaHeba nesimba uye nzvimbo hazvirevi zvakawanda. Mwari wenyika muEgipita aiva baba vaOsiris naIsis. Ikoko kwaive neboka rose, iro raisanganisira vanhu vari kushanda muminda kuti vadzivirire pachavo nenzara uye vanoita kuti kukohwa kwakanaka.
Mwari weIjipiti Toth
UMwari hwakanga hwakamirirwa muzvipfeko zviviri uye munguva yekare, yakanga iri shiri yakasviba ine bhuru refu refu. Aifungidzirwa sechiratidzo chemambakwedza uye kubatana kwehuwandu. Mumazuva akazotevera, Thoth aimiririrwa semufudzi. Kune vanamwari vekare veEgipita, vanogara pakati pevanhu kwavari uye vanotaura kune mumwe akanga ari mubati wouchenjeri uye vakabatsira munhu wese kudzidza senzi. Zvaitenda kuti akadzidzisa vaIjipita tsamba, nhoroondo, uyewo akagadzira kalendari.
Iye ndiye mwari weMwedzi uye kuburikidza nezvikamu zvake akabatanidzwa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvenyeredzi uye nyeredzi. Ichi chaiva chikonzero chekuva mwari weuchenjeri nemashiripiti. Thoth aifungidzirwa kuti ndiye nheyo yemitambo yakawanda yechitendero. Mune mamwe mabhuku anoverengwa pamwe nevanamwari venguva. Mumatunhu evanamwari vekare veEgypt, Akatora nzvimbo yomunyori, Vizier Ra uye munyori wemhosva dzematare.
Mwari weEgipita Aton
UMwari hwezuva redhi disk, iyo yaimiririrwa nemirairo mumhando yemichindwe, ichienderera pasi uye nevanhu. Izvi zvakamusiyanisa kubva kune vamwe vanamwari venyama. Mufananidzo unonyanya kuzivikanwa unomiririrwa kumashure kwechigaro cheTutankhamun. Pane maonero ekuti kunamata huMwari uhwu kwakakonzera kuumbwa nekuvandudzwa kwechiJudha chechimwechete. Uyu mwari wezuva muEgypt unobatanidza mukono nehadzimai panguva imwechete. Inoshandiswa kare kare isati yakadaro - "siri Aton", iyo yakaratidza mwedzi.
Mwari weEgipita Ptah
UMwari hwaimiririrwa nemufananidzo wemunhu uyo asina kusiyana nevamwe haana kupfeka korona, uye musoro wake wakanga wakafukidzwa nemusoro wepamusoro wakanga wakaita sejasi. Kufanana nevamwe vanamwari vekare veEgipita vaishamwaridzana nenyika (Osiris naSokar), Ptah akafukidzwa mune chifukidzo, chisina kuputika uye misoro. Kufananidzwa kwekunze kwakabatisa kuti kuwirirane kune umwechete unamwari Ptah-Sokar-Osiris. VaIjipita vakamuona semwari akanaka, asi zvizhinji zvekuchera matongo zvinopesana nemafungiro aya, sezvo mafananidzo akawanikwa paanomiririra sechinhu chiduku chinopamba mhuka.
Ptah ndiye mutezi wechigaro weguta reMemisis, uko kwaiva nenhema yokuti akasika zvinhu zvose pasi pano nesimba rekufunga neshoko, naizvozvo akaonekwa seasikwa. Akanga ane ukama nenyika, nzvimbo yekuvigwa yevakafa uye mitu yekubereka. Imwe nzvimbo yePtah ndiyo mwari weEgipita wekudhika, saka aifunga somufuridzi uye muvezi wevanhu, uyewo mutariri wevanyanzvi.
Mwari weEgipita Apis
VaIjipita vaiva nemhuka dzakawanda dzakawanda, asi nzombe yairemekedzwa zvikuru yaiva Apis. Akanga ane chimiro chaicho uye akaverengwa nezviratidzo zve 29 zvaizivikanwa chete nevapristi. Vakatsunga kuberekwa kwemwari mutsva muchimiro chehando yakasviba, uye yaiva mhemberero yakakurumbira yekare yeEgipita. Nzombe yacho yakagara mutemberi uye yakakomberedzwa nekukudza kwaMwari muupenyu hwake hwose. Rimwe kamwe gore risati ratanga basa rekurima, Apis akabatwa, uye Farao akarima furrow. Izvi zvakapa zvibereko zvakanaka munguva yemberi. Mushure mokufa kwenzombe, vakanyatsovigwa.
Apis - mwari weEgypt, kutarisira kubereka, yakaratidzwa nechando-chena ganda rine nzvimbo dzakawanda dzemavara uye nhamba yavo yakanyatsogadziriswa. Inoratidzwa nemitsipa yakasiyana, iyo yakaenzana nemitambo yakasiyana yemitambo. Pakati penyanga ndedzeredzi yezuva raMwari Ra. Kunyange Apis aigona kutora chimiro chomunhu nemusoro wehando, asi mumiririro akadaro wakaparidzirwa munguva inotevera.
Pantheon yevanamwari veEgipita
Kubvira pakuvamba kwechabudiriro chekare, kutenda muHurumende dzepamusoro kwakasimuka zvakare. Vazhinji vaigara mavamwari vakange vane unyanzvi hwakasiyana. Havana kugara vachibata vanhu nomutsa, saka vaIjipita vakavaka temberi mukukudza kwavo, vakauya nezvipo uye vakanyengetera. Nzvimbo yevanamwari veEgipita ine mazita anopfuura zviuru zviviri, asi boka guru rinogona kuonekwa kuti risati riri zana kubva kwavari. Mimwe mwari yakanamatwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo kana madzinza. Imwe pfungwa inokosha - hurumende inogona kuchinja zvichienderana nehukuru hwezvematongerwe enyika.