Vakadzi vakawanda vanoshuva kuva nevana vaviri, panguva imwechete vanonzwa marwadzo panguva yekuberekwa kamwe, vanobvunza kuti: sei kuve nepamuviri nemapatya, zvinokwanisika kufanotaura, uye chii chinoda kuitwa. Ngatiedzei kunzwisisa nyaya iyi nekuongorora nzira dziripo dzekufanotaura kuberekwa.
Kubata kwemapatya kana mapatya kunoitika sei?
Kutanga, zvakakosha, tashandura kunheyo dze embryology, kuti tinzwisise: sei kubata kwemapatya nemapatya kuchiitika, uye chii chakasiyana pakati pemashoko aya maviri. Saka, zvichienderana nehuwandu hweivha hwakabatanidzwa mukudyara, zvinotevera zvinoratidzika:
- single-egg;
- fraternal twins .
Iyo nzira yekuita pamuviri inoita seyiyi:
- Pamwe mapatya . Muchiitiko ichi, kukurudzirwa kwemukati kunowanikwa kubva kune imwe yevakadzi yepabonde. Mune maoocyte aya akawanda anowedzera huwandu hwepermatozoa kamwechete. Uyewo mapatya anokwanisa kuumba uye apo iyo fetal yai inokamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri. Somugumisiro, muhutano hwekugadzira, rimwe divi rinenge rakagadzirwa rinobva kune rumwe rutivi. Odnoyaytsevye mapatya anokura pamwechete. Vanobatanidzwa nevanowanikwa kunze kwemakumbo uye imwe placenta. Mukuwedzera, kupararira kwemichero iyoyo kunowanzoshamisa. Nemhaka yemafanana akafanana, vana vanoita zvepabonde zvakafanana uye vanotarisa zvakafanana.
- Thedred twins (mapatya) anoberekwa kuedza semugumisiro wekusimudzirwa kwemazana mazai ane spermatozoa akasiyana. Muchiitiko ichi, buri fetus ine mazamu ayo, sarudzo yayo, imwe nzvimbo yakasiyana. Nemhaka yekusiyana kwekateti yemakromosomes, vana vanowanzove nekuita zvepabonde zvakasiyana (vanogona kunge vanoita zvepabonde imwechete), uye maitiro avo ane kusiyana.
Ndezvipi zvakasiyana nezvekuberekwa kwemapatya kubva kumapatya?
Kutaura pamusoro pekuti kutora kwemapatya kunowanikwa sei, nyanzvi dzekuberekera dzinotora pfungwa dzevana vanotarisira kune zvinoitwa nehutano hwehutano. Pakuberekwa kwemawere mazai eoocyte maviri anoitika. Mune zvimwe zviitiko muhuviri hwemadzimai huzhinji hunoitika, apo ma oocytes akawanda panguva imwechete akakura uye anosiya follicles. Nekudyara kwavo pamwe chete uye kubudirira zvakanyanya kuumbwa, kuve nepamuviri kunowedzera. Somugumisiro wezviitiko izvi, mapatya anozvarwa.
Ndeipi mikana yekudzivirira nemapatya?
Mhinduro chaiyo kumubvunzo wemukadzi pamusoro pekuti mukana wekuita pamuviri nemababa kubva kwaari haagoni kuva chero chiremba. Muchiitiko ichi, vanachiremba vanocherechedza kuti kune zvikonzero zvinoshandisa kukwanisa uku. Yokutanga yeiyi inonzi makore. Zvinonzwisisika kuti mumadzimai mushure memazana makumi matatu nemashanu mumuviri, kukudzwa kunowanzoitika kakawanda. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuwedzera kwehutachiona hwemashure. Nemhaka yeizvi, mukana wokuva nepamuviri nemapatya zvakakwirira mumadzimai akadaro.
Mukuwedzera, iyo nhaka inokosha inokosha zvikuru. Kana pane mapatya muzera, ipapo pane mukana wekuberekwa kwavo zvakare. Zvisinei, mukana wekutora pamuviri nemapatya unoderera, sechizvarwa icho kuberekwa kwemababa akaitwa kunonoka. Muchiitiko ichi, zvakakosha kufunga kuti kukwanisa kubata mapatya kunoparidzirwa chete kuburikidza nemutsara wechikadzi.
Zvinokwanisika here kubata mapatya?
Kubata kwemapatya nemapatya kunogona kufanotaurwa. Nokuda kweizvi, mukadzi anokurudzirwa kushanyira chirongwa chemhuri. Mumamiriro ezvinhu ehurumende, vanachiremba vanotakura kuunganidza zvakakwana kwemashoko, kutanga nehupenyu hwemunhu angava amai, vachipedzisa nekuongorora kwakazara. Kubva pamigumisiro yekuongororwa uye zvidzidzo, mukadzi wacho anogamuchira mazano chaiwo pamusoro pokuita sei pamuviri nemapatya, tsvaga nguva yekuve nemimba yemapatya. Mukuwedzera, zvinogona zvakare kutungamirira IVF.
Nzira yekuita sei nepamuviri nemapatya nenzira yepanyama?
Kufunga nezvekuita mimba nemapatya kana mapatya, amai vanogona kutanga kutsvaga nzira inobatsira yekugadziriswa kwemapatya emapatya. Panguva imwecheteyo, vanotora sechikonzero chavo pane zvakaitika kune shamwari, ruzivo kubva kune mamwe maforamu. Zvisinei, inofanirwa kutarirwa mupfungwa kuti mhuka imwe neimwe inomunhu oga, saka ruzivo rwega, kufanana nekudzivirira nemapatya, hazvina kukwana.
Kuti zvirwere zvemawere zviitike, kazhinji kacho inofanira kushandiswa kune rubatsiro rwemajini. Kuongororwa kwevakadzi vari munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana kunobatsira kuisa mukana wekubata pamuviri wemapatya uye kugamuchira mazano chaiwo pamusoro pemubereki wemapatya. Muzhinji, vanotarisa seizvi:
- kugamuchira mavitamini complexes;
- kuramba tsika dzakaipa;
- kunamatira kune chikafu chakakosha chinopfuma mumapurotini uye nemiti yemichero.
Ndinogona here kutora mapatya kana ndichikuvadza?
Kukurudzirwa kweivulation - chiyero chezviyero zvine chinangwa pakusimwa mumwedzi mumwechete maawa maawa kamwechete. Somugumisiro wezviito zvakadaro, maviri kana matatu masero ezvirwere zvepabonde zvinokura mumakumbo mavari, izvo zvinosiya mapirlicles uye zvakagadzirira kumera. Somugumisiro, mikana yekubata mapatya yakawanda zvikuru. Iyi nzira inofungidzirwa senzira inobatsira inopindura mubvunzo wevakadzi vazhinji: sei kubata mapatya. Kushushikana kunosanganisira kuiswa mumutumbi wemishonga inokonzera mishonga inokonzera maitiro ekurapa muhutano hwekubereka.
Kugadzirira kwemimba yemapatya
Kakawanda kuronga kwekuita pamuviri kune zvakawanda kunosanganisira maitiro e hormone therapy. Munyaya iyi, vanachiremba vanopa madzimai madzimai ane progesterone uye follicle-stimulating hormone . Izvi zvinokonzera kukura kwekushanda kwenhamba yakawanda yemagetsi masero, inokurudzira kuisa mishonga. Usati watanga kurapwa, mukadzi anoedzwa mahomoni kuti asarudze maitiro avo. Kubva pane data yakagamuchirwa, imwe nzira yekurapa inorayirwa, inoratidza kuyerwa, nhamba uye nguva yekubvuma. Pakati pemishonga inoshandiswa:
- Clostilbite;
- Pureghon;
- Menogon.
Nzira yekuita sei pamuviri nemapatya munzira yepanyama - vanhu nzira
Apo mukadzi anotarisana nemubvunzo wekuita mimba mapatya nenzira yepanyama - mishonga yevanhu inowanzouya mberi. Panguva imwe chete, mashoko acho anotorwa kubva kuvakadzi avo vakatoedza nzira idzi uye vaine mukana kuti vave mai vevana vaviri. Nzira dzakawanda dzemaitiro aripo ekufungidzira, inopa mazano mumasikirwo uye zvichienderana nemamiriro ehupenyu hwemuvirikadzi. Kupindura mubvunzo wekuti ungava sei nepamuviri nemapatya, maamai mapatya anotaura nezve "zvinotevera" zvinotevera:
- Kuwanda kwemakironi emakondomu mumuviri kunowedzera nekuwedzera kwezuva. Maererano neizvi, nguva inofadza yekuberekwa kwemapatya ndiyo kutanga kwezhizha.
- Mapurotini anowedzera huwandu hwehutachiona hwepabonde. Zvichipa izvi, vakadzi vakaronga kubata pamuviri mapatya, zvinokurudzirwa kusanganisira nyama nemukaka muzvokudya.
Nzira yekuita sei nepamuviri nemapatya nemaoko - tafura
Mukutsvaga mhinduro kumubvunzo: sei kubata mapatya mumaitiro echisikigo, vakadzi vanowanzosangana nemhando dzakasiyana dzematafura, masvomhu kuverenga. Izvo zvinobva pakucherechedza kwehutano hwehutano hwemukadzikadzi. Masayendisiti akacherechedza kuti kuwandisa kwekuvhengana kwemazana mazai panguva imwe chete kunowanikwa ka2002 purogiramu. Vakadzi vakakwanisa kutora pamuviri panguva ino, somugumisiro, vakaberekera mapatya. Iyi nzira haina kupa 100% chivimbo. Kuti udzidze kutora pamuviri nemawere, kana zvichibvira, unofanira kutarisa patafura.
Inosvika pakubata pamuviri wemapatya
Maererano nevakadzi vakasiyana-siyana, kune zviitiko zvakakosha zvekuberekwa kwemawere. Kushandisa iyo panguva yekuita zvepabonde kunowedzera mukana wekuberekwa kwamababa. Chinhu chinokosha cheizvi kupinda kwakadzika. Muchiitiko ichi, chirwere chinonzi spermatozoa chinoswedera pedyo nemukati, kubva apo "rwendo" rwemadzimai ekubereketa masero anotanga pahutano hwemukadzi. Zvakanaka kune izvi ndezvi:
- nzvimbo yeumishinari ;
- pose apo mukadzi ari pamusoro.
Nzira yekuita sei mapatya, chii chaunofanira kudya?
Asati atanga pamuviri nemapatya kana mapatya, amai vakawanda vaitevera zvimwe zvokudya. Pazvivimbiso zvevakadzi ivo pachavo, ichi chakavabatsira kubata vana vaviri kamwechete. Kuti ave nemimba mapatya, zvinokurudzirwa:
- Ita kuti chikafu chiwedzere nemapuroteni. Purotini inobvumira kushandiswa kwevakadzikadzi vemadhemoni evanhukadzi. Kubatanidzwa kwemafuta-e-nyama (nyama yenyuchi, veal, gwayana), hove, inobatsira kuzadza muviri nemapuroteni.
- Zviberekowo zvinobatsira kubata mapatya. Pears, kiwi, apuro, pineapples, nectarines, mapeaches anozadza muviri nemavithamini uye microelements.
- Misi uye michina kubva mumukaka wose : kefir, yogurt, mukaka wakaviriswa, cottage cheese, zvakaoma cheeses.
Nzira yekuita sei nepamuviri nemapatya nokuda kwechokwadi?
Nekubatsira kwekombiki yekubereka, vana vanoverengeka vanogona kubatwa kamwechete. Saka, ne IVF, mapatya haawanzozivi. Iyi nzira inosanganisira kujowa kwemaviri kana matatu mazai mazai, ayo anowanzogadziriswa zvakanaka. Somugumisiro wehutano, hutachiona huzhinji hunoitika, huno mukadzi anodzidza pane yekutanga ultrasound.