Munhu wose anoziva miriwo yakaita sematezi, dzimwe nguva inonzi "chingwa chechipiri". Mazuva ano, zvakasiyana-siyana zvemazambamende zvakaratidzwa izvo zvinopesana maererano nekutsvaga kwekutsvaira uye kutumidzwa, tuber uye kubereka simba, kurwisa zvirwere nezvirwere.
Ndeapi marudzi eti mbatata?
Nhasi nyika inotungidza mbatata mazuva ano ine marudzi anenge zviuru zvina emiriwo iyi. Izvo zvakaoma zvikuru kutungamira mune zvakasiyana-siyana, naizvozvo, varimi vanoziva vanorayira kushandiswa kwemhando dzakasimwa dzemiriwo iyi kune nzvimbo inowanikwa yekudyara. Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha muhutano hwemazambatane ndiko kukura kwayo. Zvichienderana nezvayo, marudzi e "chingwa chechipiri" ndeaya:
- kutanga ;
- average;
- kunonoka.
Maererano nechinangwa chayo, varietal mbatata yakakamurwa kuva:
- Chipinda chekudya. Inosanganisira marudzi akasiyana-siyana, ane unhu hwakanaka hwekunaka. Mbatatisi dzakadaro dzine zviduku zvinopfuura 18% zvemashizha, kuwedzera kwevhitamini C uye mapuroteni.
- Technical. Iyo yakagadzikana yakagadzirwa mumashizha inosvika 16%. Kubva pamapatatisi akadaro anobereka starch uye kunyange doro.
- Universal. Muzvikwereti, huwandu hwemashizha hunosiyana kubva pa16% kusvika 18%.
- Aft. Izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvinobereka zvine tuber yakawanda ine mapuroteni akawanda uye starch.
Chimwe chimiro chinonyanya kuzivikanwa chemazamu mazamu ndiwo muvara wemashizha ayo. Zvinowanzosiyana ndezvipi:
- White. Mbatatayi nemapapiro aya anonaka uye akabikwa zvakanaka.
- Yellow. Iyi miriwo inowedzera carotene.
- The Reds. Aya ma tubers akachengetedzwa zvakanaka, ane akawanda antioxidants. Mune michero mutsvuku, mashoma Solanine anoumbwa, kureva kuti, haashanduki.
- Multicolored. Parizvino, mazai eitamu nebhuruu, violet uye kunyange ganda rakati nenyama nenyama. Zvisinei, vachiri nemari yakakwirira.
Matangi ekirasi yakatanga
Iko kusanganiswa kweiyo mbatatisi inotanga apo michero yemiti yakasvibirira, uye ganda re tubers rakaonda kwazvo. Kuchengeta mbatatisi yakadaro hazvifananidzi, nokuti munguva yechando kupisa ma tubers anokurumidze kurasikirwa nemuviri. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzebatei dzinogona kuva:
- Mangwanani-kare - iyo tubers inotanga kuchenesa shure kwemazuva 40-60 mushure mekudyara. Izvozvo zvakasimbiswa zvinosanganisira marudzi emhando Timo, Ariel, Riviera nevamwe.
- Kutanga -kukohwa mbatata yakadaro inotanga mazuva 70 mushure mekudyara. Izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvemazamu Izora, Anosta, Red Scarlett, nezvimwewo.
- Midrange - kukohwa iyi mbatata mazuva 90 mushure mokubuda. Iyi mazamu akasiyana-siyana Amorosa, Martha, Odysseus nevamwe.
Kusiyana kwakasiyana-siyana kwemazamu
Mbatatisi yakadaro yakakodzera kuchengetedza, uye yekushandisa pakudya zvakananga kubva pamubhedha. Kubva panguva yekutsvaga kwemazamu inotanga kukura uye phytophthora, zviri nani kuwana mhando dzakasiyana dzisingadziviriri pakupera kwechiedza . Iwe unogona kusarudza zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvinotonhorera-mazai eveti mazamu munzvimbo yeKhernozem:
- Ramos - ane nyama yakatsvuka, ane chirwere chakanaka uye anorwisana nezvirwere.
- Lorkh - kumativi ose ehutachi nemukati mutsvuku, maziso maduku, kurwisana nekunonoka.
- Lugovskaya - yakakwirira-inobereka zvakasiyana-siyana inoratidzirwa nehombe huru yehuvha ine nyama yakachena . Kurwisana nezvirwere nezvirwere.
Nhasi mbatata zvakasiyana
Miriwo yakadaro inobereka shure kwemazuva 115-120 mushure mekudyara. Izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvinowedzera. Zvitunha zvazvo zvinokwidzika kwepuroteni, zvinyorwa uye starch, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive zvakanakisa. Iyo mbatata yakachengetedzwa zvakakwana uye inogona kushandiswa munguva yose yechando. Mhando dzakasiyana idzi dzinowanzosimwa munzvimbo dzekumaodzanyemba. Mhando dzakanakisisa dzekutora mbatata ndezvekuti:
- Meta -dzakapoteredzwa midzi midzi ine nyama yemazuva, chibereko chakakura uye kurwisa zvirwere.
- Synthesis - yellow mesh rind, nyeupe nyama yepakati-ovha.
- Matveevsky - a tuber nekrisp pulp uye ganda chena. Ivo vanorwisana nekenza uye dzimwe zvirwere.
Izvo zvinonaka pane zvakasiyana siyana zvembatata
Kubva pane mbatatisi, unogona kugadzirira zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvokudya zvakasiyana, naizvozvo zvakakosha kukura panzvimbo yezvinhu zvinonaka zvinotapira, izvo zvinosanganisira:
- Bellarosa inotanga kuibva yakasiyana-siyana. Nguva yezvirimwa inobva kune makumi mashanu kusvika kune makumi matanhatu, saka munzvimbo dziri kumaodzanyemba iwe unogona kukohwa zvirimwa zviviri zvemiriwo iyi. Tubipu dzine ruvara rutsvuku uye nyama ine chiedza. Izvo zvakasiyana-siyana ndezvokusaremekedza, kusanaya kwemvura uye kudzivirira zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana.
- Gara ndiyo yakasiyana-siyana yekuvirisa. Inokura mune chero mamiriro ekunze. Iine chibereko chakakura uye kurwisa zvirwere . Mitsara nemucheka weganda uye yakachena yenyama nyama yakachengetedzwa zvakakwana.
- Picasso iyi yakasiyana-siyana, iyo yakasiyana nemichero yakakwirira. Iyo tuber yakatsvuka uye inobwinya uye yakachena.
Kukohwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvembatata
Kubva pane imwe mbatata inogona kutora mavhareji anenge 1 kg ye tubers, nekuda kwemhando dzakasiyana ichi chiyero chinogona kusvika 3 kg. Zvisinei, mumwe anofanira kuyeuka kuti mazhinji midzi midzi inogona kukohwa mumakore ekutanga 2-3, uye zvino izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvinotanga kuwedzera uye zvibereko zvayo zvinodonha. Vamwe varimi vanofunga kuti zvibereko zvakasiyana-siyana zvemamatata ndiwo mishonga yeDutch yokuberekwa, zvisinei, mazhinji akawanda akasiyana-siyana ane zvibereko zvakakura. Pakati pavo, zvinotevera zvinotevera:
- Luck;
- Nevsky;
- Zhukovsky mangwanani;
- The udder;
- Breeze nevamwe vakawanda.
Mhando dzakanakisisa dzembatata
Mumwe nomumwe wedu ane maonero ake pamusoro pemakate akanaka. Vamwe vanodavira kuti zvakanakisisa zvemazhu ikakodzwa ndeaya ayo anonyatsopisa. Vamwe vanosarudza mbatata inogona kunyorerwa kumarara akaoma, uye chechitatu, kirasi yakanaka ndeye isingadi kutarisirwa. Saka ngatitarisei zvakasiyana-siyana zvemazamu akanaka zvakagadzirirwa izvi kana kuti izvozvi ndiro:
- Nokuda kwetizi mbatata zviri nani kushandisa Sin-Eyes, Temp, Snow White, Asterix, Glow.
- Nokudavira, mbatatisi Sante, Mutungamiriri, Concord, Kukunda, Filatovsky vakakodzera.
- Pamakadhi, unogona kushandisa marudzi Annushka, Aladdin, Carrera, Rumba, Sifra.
Zvitsva zvakasiyana-siyana zvembatata
Vabatsiri vanogara vachigadzira zvitsva zvemazambique, zvinonaka uye zvinopesana nezvirwere. Kana uchida kuedza chimwe chezvinhu izvi zvitsva, unofanirwa kuteerera izvi:
- Levada . Iyi ndiyo yekutanga mbatata yakasiyana-siyana pamwe nekudyara kwemazuva 105. Ane chiedza chinonzi pink tubers neine muto wakachena. Inogona kukura munzvimbo dzakasiyana uye ine zvibereko zvakanaka.
- The Samara. Mid-age yefurafura mutero. Guru nokuda kwekupisa nekubika. Vasingatyi kupisa uye kusanaya kwemvura, zvine maitiro akanaka ekuchengetedza unhu.
- Vitalot. Iyo mbatata ine ganda rakasviba uye nyama yepepuru. Izvo zvakasiyana-siyana zvinonoka, saka zvakachengetedzwa zvakakwana. Inobereka purce yakanaka yemuvara wepepuru wakatanga.