Nzvimbo dzekare dzekare dzisinganzwisisiki uye dzinofadza, saka mapiramidhi eMayan haape kupa zororo kune nhamba yakawanda yevasayendisiti. Puzzles ekare zvishoma nezvishoma zvinoputika, zvichibvumira kudzidza zvitsva.
Zvose zvakabatana nehupenyu hweMaya ndezvomusingazivikanwi, izvo zvakakodzera chete kalendari yavo, iyo inofadza nyika yose nekufanotaura nezvekuguma kwepasi (rumbidza Mwari kuti hapana chakazadzika)! Iye zvino kwete pamusoro peizvi, chinhu chatinofunga nezvacho chaiva maPiramidi eMayan, ayo anoonekwa seimwe yezvishamiso zvenyika.
Gore negore, mamiriyoni evashanyi vanobva kumativi ose enyika vanotsvaka kuMexico kugunzva nhoroondo yekare, uye masayendisiti vanopfuurira nhaurirano dzavo pamusoro pechinangwa chikuru, zera, nzira dzokuvaka uye zvimwe zvikamu zvezvivakwa izvi.
Makore mangani emipiramidi yeMayan, uye nei vakavakwa?
Kuongororwa kwakawanda kwezvivakwa zvekare hazvina kubereka zvibereko uye makore avo chaiwo haagoni kugadziriswa. Kana iwe uchitarisa pamusoro pekugadziriswa kwakawanikwa kuburikidza nemagwaro echiMaya, dzakawanda zvezvivako zvakavakwa anenge makore 3 000 apfuura. Kune nhamba yakawanda yezvinyorwa zvinotsanangura kuonekwa kwemadzinza eMaya uye nemaguta avo: iyo rudzi rwekushamwaridzana rwevanhu vakasiyana-siyana veNyika Yekare kana vanhu vakagadzirwa nevanhu vanobva kunze kwenyika.
Kana zvakambofungidzirwa kuti mapiramidi akavakwa chete nekuda kwevatongi kana vaprista vakuru, uye pashure pokunge vanyatsoongorora zvigadziro uye kuongororwa kwehutano hwezvigadzirwa zvekuvaka, zvakagumiswa kuti piramidi temberi dzaigona kugadzirisa uye misha yekumaruwa mukukudza vamwe vamwari.
Chii chakashamisa pamusoro pemipiramidi yeMayan?
Kunyanya kukodzera kunokodzera piramidi yekukulkan, ine mapfumbamwe mapurisa, ayo akakomberedzwa nezvikwiriso kumativi ose kumativi ose. Pane rumwe rutivi rwematanho 91, ayo akazara anopa 364, uye nhamba iyi yakaenzana nenhamba yemazuva mugore. Panguva imwe chete, matanho akaparadzana akaparadzaniswa ari mapera gumi nematanhatu anoenderana nemwedzi wegore, shure kwezvose, kalendari yeMaya yaiva nemwedzi 18 chete.
Zvisina kujairika ndiyo makera, nokuti kana ichionekwa kubva pasi, hainzwi sechitarisiko, uye zvinoita sekuti upamhi hwematanho ose hwakafanana. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa nekuti iyo yakashambadzira inowedzera kusvika kumusoro kuitira kuti inobhadhara zvakakwana nokuda kwechiito chemaonero. Masayendisiti anorohwa nemashoko akadai: izvi zvingaverengwa sei mumazuva iwayo?
Zvakakosha kubhadhara kunzvimbo chaiyo ye piramidi, iyo mazamu ayo ari pamativi mana enyika. Chimiro chacho chine mapfumbamwe mapfumbamwe, anofanana nemamiriro eumambo hwevakafa.
Iyo piramidi yekukulkan yakagadzirirwa mukukudza nyoka yenyoka, sekuratidzwa nemisoro nyoka mbiri dziri pasi petsoka. Chimwe chinhu chinonakidza chinoshamwaridzana nenyoka, iyo inokwezva mamiriyoni evashanyi. Kutenda kumutambo wezvidzidzo zvezuva remaawa matatu, mumwe anogona kuona chifananidzo cheyoka ine njodzi ine musana wakashama unofamba kubva kune rumwe rutivi kusvika kumusoro. Vanhu vanotenda mumashiripiti vane chokwadi chokuti huMwari uyu anopa chiratidzo kune vanhu.
Masayendisiti anoshamisika kuti nei zvakadaro yakagadzirirwa kugadzirwa kuverenga, sezvo kunyange kutadza kudarika kunogona kuparadza zvachose pfungwa yepakutanga. Kuve nekuva neapiogragrapher vakakodzera uye vanoongorora nyeredzi, unogona kuita izvi. Nenzira, iyi haisi yega muenzaniso wekusanzwisisika "chiedza chinoratidza". Kune temberi yakakurumbira yezvidhori zvinomwe, iyo inonzi mazita ekushongedza mifananidzo iri pamadziro. Pano, pazuva rechitsiko chakafanana, zuva rinopenya nepakati pemahwindo maviri ari panzvimbo dzakapoteredza temberi.
Iyo piramidi, inowanikwa muguta reChichen Itza, ichiri nemakwikwi akasiyana-siyana acoustic properties. Kuva mukati mechimiro, unogona kunzwa manzwi e shiri tsvene panzvimbo yezviito zvinowanzoitika pamatanho. Masayendisiti anotenda kuti izvi zvinoitika kuburikidza nehumwe hutema hwemasvingo.
Nzvimbo iri pakati pe temberi inoita kuti zvikwanisike kutaurirana ari kure nemamita 150 m, asi mheremhere inogadzirwa nevanhu haisi kunzwika kune vamwe kana vasingamiriri pedyo nekukurukurirana. Heino iyi foni yebwe. Sezvazvakagadzirwa nevaMaya, kana izvi zvinogadzirisa kuitika kwemamiriro ezvinhu, kusvikira zvave zvichigona kugona. Asi chinhu chinotyisa chinowanikwa chiri kuuya.
Uchapupu hwekubatanidzwa kwevekugara kune dzimwe nyika mukugadzirwa kwemipiramidhi yeMayan
Huge piramidi yakakura, zviyero zvakajeka, zvisinganzwisisiki zviitiko - izvi zvose zvinopa imwe nzvimbo yekufungisisa shanduko pamusoro pekubatanidzwa kwevekugara kune dzimwe nyika. Ndezvipi zviyero zvinowanikwa nevasayendisiti mumapiramidhi. Hazvigoneki, asi ichokwadi - inomiririrwa nevanhu vanoita sevatorwa mu spacesuits.
Ndeipi mumazuva iwayo maMeans aigona kuziva nezvenyaya iyi yekudzivirira? Kugadziriswa kwemahieroglyfu uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvakaitika kare zvakaratidza kuti zvisikwa zvekare zvakarangarira vanamwari vekare vanamwari.
Chirevo chinotevera chisina kutsanangurwa, chakashamisa chaizvo masayendisiti akawanda, chakawanikwa paipiramidi huru yeTeotihuacan.
Pakati payo mazinga maviri akawanikwa akavhara mica mumasendimita manomwe. Zvimwe zvibatwa zvakadai zvakawanikwa pasi pezvivako zvisina kuparara zviri pamusuo wetemberi.
Mazuva ano, mashoko aya anoshandiswa segesi rekusimbisa, sezvo inobata neutron zvakasimba zvakanaka. Mukuwedzera, makristasi anokwanisa kuchengeta uye kutumira huwandu hwehuwandu hwemashoko uye kuunganidza simba. Vakawanda vari kushamisika kuti nei vaida, uye kuti Maya akaishandisa sei.
Kana iwe usina chokwadi kuti hupenyu hwekare hwekare hunobatana nevatorwa, zvino pano pano imwe chokwadi chinotyisa uye chisingazivikanwi. Pane nharo yokuti vamwari vakapa vanhu gumi nematombo matsvene kubva kristall, uye kana vakaungana pamwe chete, unogona kuwana simba pamusoro penguva uye utaurirane neHigh Supowers.
Muna 1927, vanochera matongo vakawana muguta rekare reMaya dhehenya rakagadzirwa nekartz yakakonzerwa. Nhamba yakashamiswa yekugadziriswa, iyo isingawanikwi kunyange mumitambo yemazuva ano. Zera rayo riri makore 5-35 zviuru, uye uremu - 5 kg. Mune zviso zveziso redehenya, sarudzo yemarori uye majeri anovakwa mukati, izvo zvinokonzera zvisingaoneki zvinowanzoitika.
Mashoko anotevera - kwete kune avo vane mwoyo yakapera simba, nokuti munzvimbo iyi imwechete rwendo rwacho rwakawana nzvimbo yemitambo yezvikwata zvakagadziriswa mumasimiti. Uye apo vanochera matongo vakatora bheekeri rakasiyana-siyana, ipapo nhengo dzenguva iyo yakatanga kupera usiku hwose, uye dzakawanikwa mune imwe mhembere isina musoro. Izvi ndezvechokwadi, kwete nhau.
Panguva yegore, mumapiramidi akasiyana, masayendisiti akawana dzimwe tsanga dzakafanana. Pane shanduro iyo iyo zvikamu zveimwe rudzi rwekuisa, izvo zvakagonesa vapristi kuti vataure nemweya.
Izvi hazvirevi zvose zvinoratidza kubatanidzwa mukusikwa kweMidyidhi yeMayan yevatorwa. Kushandisa teknolojia itsva, masayendisiti akakwanisa kutsvaga makoridhi epasi pasi ari mu temberi yeSuva. Kupinda navo unogona kuenda kumapako asingashamisi, ane chimiro chekamuri ine mavara mana. Iye zvino gadzirirai-apo masayendisiti akawana zvikamu zvezvioni uye magetsi ane simba ekugadzirisa hurongwa, zvakasikwa izvo vanhu vekare vangave vasina huchenjeri hwakakwana kana simba.
Imidziyo yakadaro inokanganisa pfungwa yokuti ma pyramidhi eMayan achiri nechinangwa chekugadzira, somuenzaniso, ivo vaiva magareti emakwereti evatorwa. Pano zvakakodzera kutaura chimwe chinhu chisina kujairika: kana iwe wakatarisa piramidi yeSuva uye nharaunda kubva pameso echiso, ipapo urongwa hwezvinhu zvose hwakafanana neamaiboard yekombiyuta.
Kutsvakurudza kunopfuurira, saka, zvichida munguva yemberi iri pedyo tichawana uchapupu hutsva hwokuti dzimwe hupenyu huripo uye huchishanda pamwe nenyika yedu.