Imwe yenzira dzekusimudza mbeu mumasitoroji uye pamusha ndiyo hydroponics - pasina kushandiswa kwevhu paine mhinduro yakanyanyisa. Kunyange zvazvo iyi nzira isiri itsva, asi yakave yakashandiswa zvikuru munguva pfupi yapfuura, uye vakawanda varimi vanoziva zvishoma nezvayo. Muchikamu chino tichakurukura chinangwa chekushandisa kwe hydroponics nzira uye zvinogona kukuvadza kubva pairi.
Maitiro ekushanda kwe hydroponics
Nzira ye hydroponics inobva pachirevo chekugadzira mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka ekusimbiswa uye kudya kunovaka muviri, izvo zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:
- kuronga kusangana kwemidzi neine mishonga yesarudzo;
- chengetedza kushandiswa kwemhepo nguva dzose;
- kuchengetedza zvakakwana unyoro mumhepo pakati pemutsetse wemuviri uye midzi.
Inyanzvi ye hydroponics inosanganisira zvinotevera: simiti inotangira midzi yegasi yakaiswa pachitsime chegridhi, yakagadzirirwa pane chigadziko nemuviri wegadzirisa. Pamiti yakadaro inokura iwe unoda kutenga pikisi inokosha ye hydroponic, asi iwe unogona kuzviita iwe pachako.
Se substrate, unogona kushandisa vermiculite, perlite, peat, moss , yakawedzerwa ivhu nezvimwe zvinhu zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvinotevera:
- ane aine asidi asiri kana kutenderera;
- nyore nyore kutumira mhepo;
- rakanyoroveswa nemhinduro;
- haapindi mumakemikari anoita nezvinhu zvakanyungudutswa.
Hydroponics inoshandisa chirongwa chemuviri chinogadzirwa nekupedza makemikari salti mumvura, ine zvinhu zvinotarisirwa kuti muti wacho urarame uye ukure (nitrogen, boron, phosphorus, potassium, manganese, magnesium, calcium, iron, sulfur, etc.).
Mafuta e hydroponic systems
Zvichienderana netsika yekudyisa mishonga yemuviri kune midzi, pane 6 maitiro makuru e hydroponics systems:
- Wicking hydroponics ndiyo maitiro akareruka, umo mhinduro inowanikwa nerubatsiro rwemakumbo. Hazvifananidzi pamiti inonaya-inoda mbeu.
- Mvura-yakadzika tsika ndeyemhando yekushanda, chikwata chinotenderera chinoumbwa nehutu.
- Hydroponics ine michero yakasviba inomutsa isingashandisi substrate.
- Nzira yekushambadza kwepanguva-yakabva pane kuwedzerwa kwechinguva nekuderera kwemuviri wehutsetse mumudziyo nemiti, yakagadzirirwa nguva.
- Iyo inonyorera iyo inoshandiswa nyore nyore, kunyanya pakushandisa mapepa ega pane nzvimbo huru.
- Aeroponics ndiyo inyanzvi yepamusoro-soro, iyo midzi mumhepo yakanyoroveswa nechirongwa chemuviri nekubatsira kwe-nebulizers inodzorwa ne-timer.
Hydroponics: kukuvadza kana kubatsira?
Hydroponics inoratidzirwa sechechi duku rekurima, kushandisa michina yepamusoro yekutakura michina. Uye pakutanga kwekushandiswa kwaro mune zvekurima (makore 50-60), kushandiswa kwemaitiro ekugadzirwa kwaionekwa se "kukuvadza", uye kunaka kwezvinhu zvakagamuchirwa zvakagadziriswa. Nokudaro, kunyange ikozvino, apo nzira yekukura miriwo inova yakakurumbira, iyo ndiyo nzira yekare yekutenda kuti michero yakakurira nekubatsira kwe hydroponics inokuvadza zvakakwirira zve "chemistry". Asi izvi hazvirevi, sezvo teknolojia iyi iri kuramba ichivandudzwa, uye nekukura uku kunokonzera kukuvadza chemakemikari zvinhu zvinoshandiswa kupfuura kudyara kwepanyika muvhu.
Kana, kana ichikura muvhu rakavhurika, kwete zvose zvinokuvadza zvinoshandiswa zvinowira muzvibereko nemiriwo zvinowanikwa, mu hydroponics iyo yose inogadzirisa mhinduro inopinda zvachose muchero.
- inokura nemashizha ayo anonyanya (mbanje);
- anoshandisa mukuvakwa kwezvinhu zvakashata-zvigadzirwa;
- inoshandiswa mukukurumidza kwekukura mune chigadziriso chemagadzirirwo ezvinyorwa zvinowedzera;
- anoshandisa zvinhu zvinouraya kurwisa zvirwere zvekumera.
Mune zvimwe zviitiko zvose, iyo hydroponic nzira inofungidzirwa yakachengeteka uye inosangana nemamiriro emanhasi.