Bhuku rezvirwere zve endocrine, umo insulin hormone insufficiency inoonekwa, inonzi chirwere cheshuga mellitus. Kufa kubva pamigumisiro yechirwere ichi kune vanhu vane mamiriyoni mana pasi rose. Kutambura nekushaya insulini inenge 6% yevanhu vepasi redu.
Mhando dzechirwere cheshuga mellitus
Chirwere ichi maererano nehutano hweWorld Health Organization ndechemhando mbiri. Shandisai zvirwere zveshuga: insulini-inomirira (1 rudzi) uye insulini-yakazvimirira (2 marudzi). Izvozvi marudzi maviri anosiyana nenzira dzekutanga kwechirwere, izvo zvinokonzera uye mazano ekurapa. Muzviitiko zvose izvi, chinhu chokutanga chakatemwa neyanyanzvi ndezvokudya zvakaoma.
Ita 1 chirwere cheshuga mellitus
Rudzi rwekutanga (insulin-runoenderana nechirwere cheshuga) runoratidzirwa nezvinetso nepakreas, umo kusungurudzika kweshuvha muropa kunoderera zvakanyanya semugumisiro wekuparadzwa kweropa masero. Kazhinji izvi zvinowanikwa pazera remakore uye zvinosangana nehupamhi hwehuga muropa. Kana iri iyo maitiro ekufananidzira, njodzi yekuwana chirwere ichi, kana mumwe wevabereki ava ane chirwere cheshuga cheshuga, yakanyanya kuwedzerwa.
Diabetes mellitus type 2
Chechipiri (kwete-insulin-inokonzerwa nechirwere cheshuga mellitus) inoratidzwa nekuwedzera kana kurongeka kwekugadzirwa kwehomoni ye-insulin, asi munyaya iyi dambudziko nderokuti masero haazvioni, uye nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, hazvibviri kuti glucose inopinda masero. Iyi haisiyo pfungwa ye insulin masero inonzi "insulin kushivirira."
Kune rimwe zita rerudzi urwu rwechirwere - "chirwere cheshuga cheshuga", asi izvi chete kana pane hosha yakashata isina kukwanisa kutaurirana nemasero, nokuti avo vanogamuchira havagone ku "ona" iyo. Chikanganiso cheizvi haisi kuonesa isiri yakakosha ye insulin.
Zvinokonzera chirwere cheshuga mellitus
Munhu wose anoziva pamusoro pemafungiro ekonzera-kuita hukama uye chirwere ichi hachisi chimwe chete. Chirwere cheshuga chinokonzera, uye chero chinoguma chiri nechimwe kana zvimwe zvinokonzera. Chimwe chevanhu vane chirwere cheshuga vane zvikonzero zvaro, izvo zvinofanirwa kuongororwa zvakadzama. Varwere vane chirwere cheshuga nevaya vari pangozi vanofanira kuziva zvikonzero uye nzira dzekutanga kwechirwere.
Zvinokonzera rudzi rwechirwere cheshuga mellitus
Zvikonzero zvekuitika kune insulini-inotenderera rudzi rwechirwere cheshuga yakawanda uye rudzi urwu runofungidzirwa sengozi zvikuru, sezvo zvisiri nyore nguva dzose kuzviongorora panguva yekutanga, nokuti zviratidzo zvinoratidzwa kunyange apo inenge 80% ye-b-seli inoparadzwa. Nekudaro chikamu chekuparadzwa, mhedziso yakakwana yehomoni inowanikwa kune varwere.
Shuga yehutachiwana-inotarirwa nechirwere cheshuga inogona kuva nezvikonzero zvakadaro:
- Izvo zvinoputika zvinokonzerwa ne insulitis, iyo inowanikwa muitsuwa zvepascreas.
- Kunzvimbo yakagadziriswa.
- Kuparadzwa kwe β-masero, iyo inogona kuva nehupenyu hwemhuka kana kuti inoguma nemigumisiro yakaipa yekunze kwezvinhu. Kazhinji izvi zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona hwemapuviri: mawere, chicken pox, Coxsackie virusi, cytomegalovirus, masero, rubella.
- Kuwedzerwa kudzvinyirira kunogona kuva vatsoropodzi vakasimba ekutsvaira uye kukura kwezvirwere zvisingaperi uye kusimbisa chiito chezvirwere.
Zvinokonzera Chipiri 2 Chirwere cheshuga
Zvikonzero zvinoita kuti chirwere cheshuga chechipiri chinomuka chikawandawo, uye kuti chive chakanyatsojeka, iyo yakakwana yakawanda yezvinhu.
- Heredity. Kana mumwe wevabereki ava ane SD II, ipapo mukana wekuti mwana wacho acharwarawo, anosvika makumi mana muzana.
- Ethnicity. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti Asians, African Americans, Latinos uye Native Americans vari pangozi nokuti vanowanzopindwa nechirwere ichi.
- Kuwedzera muviri. Kurongedza kudya zvakanyanya, kudya zvokudya zvakanatswa (sweets, pastries, chocolate, etc.), usiku hunopedza kudya, huwandu hwakawanda hwemiti yakasvibirira (miriwo nemichero) mumenyu inowedzera mukana wekuitika kwechirwere cheshuga.
- Hypertension. Ngozi yekurwara inowedzera kune avo vanotambura nehuwandu hwemhepo.
- Hypodinamy. Kusava nemotokari kunowanzoita kuti uwedzere kuwedzera uye kuwedzera kwemasabetism, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kurwere cheshuga mellitus.
Diabetes mellitus - zviratidzo
Zviratidzo zvekutanga zvechirwere cheshuga zvinogona kunge zvakafanana mumutambo wekutanga uye wechipiri. Kubudirira kwechirwere ichi kunogona kuitika nenzira yakaderera uye pashure pekanguva munhu anongwarira zviratidzo zvokutanga zvechirwere cheshuga: kazhinji kushambadzira, kuneta kusingaperi, muromo wakaoma, kuderedza kuita zvepabonde, nezvimwewo. Vanhu vazhinji havazivi kuti nyika dzakadaro dzinogona kuratidza kuti munhu ane chirwere cheshuga mellitus. Zvakakosha kuongorora zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvehuga hwehuga zvichienderana nerudzi rwemhando.
Tora I symptomatology:
- kurasikirwa nekusimba kwakanaka;
- kugona uye kuneta kusingaperi;
- nyota;
- kazhinji uye zvakanyanya kukwira.
Chiratidzo chechipiri II chinosanganisira zvinoratidzwa pamusoro apa uye zvinowedzera:
- kushaya simba nekutsamwa;
- high pressure;
- kupera kwemigumo kana kumira munzvimbo yeminwe;
- kushungurudzika, kazhinji kuenda pamwe nekurutsira;
- ganda rakaoma, kuora, kupora kurapa mavanga;
- urinary tract infection.
Zvinetso zvechirwere cheshuga mellitus
Kwete-insulini-inotaridzika chirwere cheshuga mellitus uye chirwere chinotaridzika che insulini ine zvinetso zvakakamurwa kuva:
- rinopinza;
- chronic;
- gare gare.
Zvinetso zvinotyisa zvakapera:
- hypoglycemia;
- ketoacidosis;
- lactocidotic coma;
- hyperosmolar coma.
Migumisiro yekupedzisira inosanganisira:
- angiopathy ;
- retinopathy ;
- polyneuropathy ;
- chirwere cheshuga .
Migumisiro isingaperi yechirwere cheshuga:
- Itsvo. Muviri uyu nenguva inorasikirwa nekwaniso yekutsungirira mabasa ayo.
- Vessels. Pamusana pekuparara kwekusimudzika, vanova vaduku, izvo zvinotungamirira kukurudzirwa kwechirwere chemwoyo nekurohwa.
- Leather. Nokuda kwekuwedzera kuwedzerwa kweropa, kune ngozi ye trophic ulcers.
- CNS. Kushaya simba uye kushaya simba kwemakumbo, kuonekwa kwehupenyu husingaperi.
Nzira yekurapa chirwere cheshuga?
Kubudirira kuporesa chirwere cheshuga mellitus muzvinhu zvakawanda kunoenderana nekunyatsoshandiswa kwemitemo yechiremba. Mukuwedzera, kurapa kurapa kwechirwere ichi kunoenderana nerudzi rwechirwere cheshuga. Mukurapa kwechirwere cheshuga, nzira dzisiri dzetsika dzinowanzoshandiswa, asi bedzi kuburikidza nemvumo yechiremba achienda sechipiri.
Ndinokwanisa kurapa chirwere cheshuga here?
Sezvo ini ndisina kuda kurondedzera zvakasiyana, asi chirwere cheshuga chemhando ipi zvayo chirwere cheupenyu. Iwe unogona kuvandudza hutano hwehupenyu nekuderedza kuratidzwa kwezviratidzo, asi kubvisa chirwere cheshuga hazvizoitiki, kuitira kuti vasavimbise kutengesa nzira itsva, dzinowanzotambudzwa nevaya vanotambura nehosha. Zvakakosha kuita maererano nemitemo yose yechiremba uye kwete kubatanidzwa mukuzvirapa, saka mune dzimwe nguva, kusakwana kwakakwana kwezviratidzo zvechirwere cheshuga.
Zvinodhaka zvechirwere cheshuga
Tichifunga nezvemubvunzo wekurapa chirwere cheshuga chechirwere chechirwere, zvinoda kuziva mishonga inorayirwa navanachiremba. Kunze kwe insulini, inowanzotora mishonga inobatsira kubvisa zviratidzo kana kuderedza zviratidzo zvayo zvisina kunaka:
- ACE. Pakawedzerwa kuwedzera kana mapuroteni anowanikwa mumuguta uri pamusoro pekugara.
- Aspirin. Nezvinetso zvemwoyo uye kuora mwoyo.
- Statins. Kuti kuderedze cholesterol, kuvhara mitsipa yeropa.
- Zvinodhaka zvinobatsira nezvinetso nekugadzirwa. Kazhinji ndeye Viagra uye Levitra, asi iwe unogona kuvatora chete mushure mekubvunza chiremba wako.
- Zvinoreva zvinetso nekudya. Inogona kuva Tserukal kana Erythromycin kana gastroparesis yakagadzirwa.
Zvinodhaka zvechirwere cheshuga cheshuga
Kana tikataura nezvekurapa rudzi rwechipiri rwechirwere cheshuga, zvino zvinodhaka zvinorayirwa mune zvakasiyana. Pakati pavo ndivo vashandi vanowedzera kukanganisa kwemasero ku insulin:
- Pioglar;
- Metformin ;
- Diaglitazone.
Pakati pemishonga yakasiyana-siyana inoshandiswa iyo inosanganisira mukuoma kwechirwere chechipiri chirwere cheshuga mellitus:
- Januvia;
- Inglis;
- Glukobay;
- Victoria;
- Baeta.
Kugadzirira kunokonzera kugadzirwa kwe insulini:
- Novonorm;
- Starlix;
- Gljurenorm;
- Diabetoni;
- Maninil.
Nzira yekurapa chirwere cheshuga nemishonga yevanhu?
Vaya vanoda kutarisa zviratidzo zvinosangana nechirwere cheshuga, mubvunzo wekurapa chirwere cheshuga kumba kunonyanya kuoma. Kakawanda, hutano hwekurapa hunosanganisira mapepa uye mishonga yemagariro, asi unozviita pasina, pasina kubvunzurudza nachiremba hakurudzirwi.
Kuvharirwa kwemakemikisi emakemikari Amur kubva kuchirwere cheshuga akazvisimbisa segadziriro yakanakisisa pamusana pekukwanisa kwayo kugadzirisa zvakanyanya marubhahydrate metabolism. Kugamuchira chirwere ichi hachikuvadzi chete kugadzirwa kwe insulini, asiwo ma enzymes epancreas: lipase, protease uye amylase. Tora kubatwa maererano nemirairo.
- Kubva vanhu vakuru: 1 teaspoon katatu pazuva.
- Kuvana: 1 tsp 1-2 nguva pazuva.
- Nzira yekushandiswa haisi pasi pemwedzi mitatu.
Recipe yekuderedza shuga yeropa kubva kumurapa Kim
Zvisungo:
- 300 g egaric;
- 300 g yemashizha kana midzi yeparsley (midzi inonyanya kushanda);
- 100 g emon peel.
Kugadzirira uye kushandiswa
- Garai garlic uye mushambidze midzi yeparsley (kana kuti mashizha).
- Zvose zvinoshandiswa zvinokonzerwa ne-grinder nyama.
- Tambanudza musanganiswa unoguma muhari uye uite kuti ugare munzvimbo ine rima kwevhiki mbiri.
- Kugamuchirwa kunokurudzirwa muchiyero chepunikiki imwe isati yasvika.
- Munyori wemirasi inopa zano kunwa muvhenganiswa we decoction wemishonga: munda horsetail, masikati cranberries, mbeu yegorosi, bhinzi pods. Brew muto chete: 1 puniji yemiriwo inounganidzwa pagirazi remvura.
Chirwere cheshuga cheshuga mellitus
Nechinorudzi chero chipi zvacho chechirwere, kudya kune chirwere cheshuga ndicho chinhu chekutanga chekucherechedza. Kana iwe uchifunga kuti chinokonzera chirwere ichi kazhinji chikafu chisina kururama: kushandiswa kwemawanda ezvokudya zvine marefu glycemic index, sweets, zvakabikwa, nezvimwewo, saka kudya kunovakwa kubva kumberi.
Chirwere cheshuga mellitus - chii chaungaita iwe usingagoni?
Kutanga, zvakakosha kusarudza zvikamu zvezvikwereti zvinowira pasi pakurambidzwa kwakasimba, izvo zvinofanira kunge zviri mumenyu yezuva nezuva. Zvokudya zvine chirwere cheshuga mellitus type 2 uye chigadzirwa 1 chinofanira kugadzirirwa kutarisa kana zvichibvira mishonga yechirwere cheshuga, uye kwete zvido zvevanhu. Zvinotofanira kuchengetedza zvakasimba simba rakadaro sarudzo, zvisinei kuti hakuzovi nechinangwa mairi.
Kurambidzwa kuiswa muzvokudya:
- Shuga muhupenyu hwakachena nemasipi. Pasi pebvumirano ichawana ice cream, jamu, chokoti, chocolates uye halva.
- Kubika , sekutonga, kune zvakawanda zvehuga zvinorambidzwa uye inowedzera-koriori.
- Zvokudya zvekakani uye zvishongo zvinopfungaira. Nyama nehove zvokudya zvekudya nemafuta ezvemichizha, munyu uye zvinopisa zvinorambidzwa. Pasinei neGI yepasi, izvo zvigadzirwa izvi zvine, zvakanyanya kwazvo mumakori.
- Fatty nyama nehove. Mafuta akasiyana haafaniri kudyiwa. Paunodya shiri, unofanira kubvisa ganda.
- Dairy products. Icho chiri pamusoro pezvigadzirwa zvemukaka wose, nokuti vane mafuta akakwirira, sezvakaita SD.
- MaSauro. Inonyanya kunetseka mayonnaise uye mamwe mafuta akasiyana.
- Manka. Manna zviyo zvakabviswa zvachose, uye kushandiswa kwepasta zvigadzirwa zvishoma uye zvakasarudzika zvakagadzirwa kubva kumunda wose.
- Zvibereko zvine high sugar content. Izvi zvinoshanda kumazambiringa, mavhiteloni nemabhanana.
- Vegetable. Ramba uchida kubva kumiriwo yakabikwa uye beet yakabikwa.
- Zvokudya zvakakonzerwa. Nemhaka yehuwandu hwehupenyu hwehuga mukati mavo.
- Chips uye snacks. Aya maitiro semitemo ine mafuta akawanda uye ane munyu wechuru.
- Doro inofanira kunge isina kukwana, asi kubva muwaini yakaisvonaka uye champagne inofanira kubviswa zvachose.
Mishonga inofanirwa kuve yakabatanidzwa mune zvekudya nechirwere cheshuga:
- Chingwa uye zvigadzirwa zvebheka. Zviri nani kana yakakosha yevanhu vane chirwere cheshuga.
- Nyama. Sarudza mbeu dzisina mafuta: sarbit, veal, nyuchi, huku.
- Hove. Iko pamusoro pemhando dzakaderera-mafuta (carp, cod, pike perch, pike), kunze kwekuti, inofanira kubikwa kune vaviri, kubika kana kubika.
- Mazai. Hausi anopfuura rimwe pazuva anobvumirwa.
- Dairy products with low fat content.
- The first dishes. Soups uye mitsetse, yakabikwa pamiriwo kana nyama yakaderera-mafuta nehove.
- Vegetable. Inobvumirwa kudya yose miriwo, asi kwete yakabikwa.
- Zvibereko nemabriji. Zvinonyanya kukosha kushandisa maapuro, mazabiro, mazambiringa uye kiwi mune chirwere cheshuga, nokuti havasi ivo chete vanowedzera huwandu hwehuga, asiwo vanoderedza cholesterol.
- Vegetable mafuta. Kwete zvinopfuura mafuraji maviri aripo anobvumirwa zuva rega rega.
- Inwa. Ideal: teas isina shuga uye majisi matsva.
Menyu ine chirwere cheshuga mellitus
Kugadzira mhuka yakakodzera ye chirwere cheshuga mellitus rudzi rwechipiri uye rudzi rwekutanga, zvakakosha kufunga kuti zvinokurudzirwa kutora zviduku zvishoma muzvikamu zvakakamurwa. Chimwe chinodiwa kuti chirwere cheshuga chiwane zvakakwana kudya kwakachena asi mvura (kusvika pamamita maviri). Chimwe chezvinhu zvezuva nezuva chinogona kutarisa sezvi:
Chirafu:
- peji - 200 g;
- chingwa chegorosi rose - 25 g;
- chikamu chemafuta mashoma-30-40 g;
- tiyi pasina shuga.
Zvokudya zvechipiri:
- maapulo - anenge 150 g;
- teyi pasina shuga nebhasiki bhisiki.
Kudya:
- borsch kana soup - 250 g;
- chingwa - 25 g;
- miriwo yemiriwo - 100 g;
- Cutlets (nyama kana hove) kune vakaroorana - 100 g.
Snack:
- rosi rinomwa doro;
- pasi-fat fat cottage cheese - 100 g;
- jelly ne shuga mutsva kana michero itsva 100 g.
Kudya:
- nyama yakabikwa kana hove - 100 g;
- Saladi yemiti mitsva - 100 g.
Kudya kwechipiri:
- girasi ye-fat-fat kefir.