Iyo yakavanzika zvikuru maruva colchicum (kana colchicum) inobva kuMediterranean. Zita rechipiri rinoreva kuti "Colchis" - imwe nzvimbo muWestern Georgia, uko zvakasiyana-siyana zvemiti iyi inowanikwa. Iye zvino tsika inogona kukura munzvimbo dzose dzine mamiriro okunze anononoka.
Colchicum - tsanangudzo
Ichitsvaga chinomera chisingaperi chinonzi herbaceous chinonzi semhuri yemaruva. Zvikamu zvaro zvose, uye kunyanya midzi - ine uturu. Muchikamu chemakemikari ehu, mashizha, mbeu, kune resin, alkaloids, tannins, sukari uye lipids. Cesspool inoshandiswa zvakasimba mumishonga yevanhu seanesesthetic ye radiculitis, rheumatism, arthritis, antiemetic, diuretic uye laxative. Inoshandiswa sezvigadzirwa nemafuta. Mumunda, maruva anozivikanwa nekuda kwekusazvinzvera uye kuratidzira.
Ko cesspool inoita sei?
Colchicum ine yakawanda yakazara yakaderera yakaderera yakadzama 10-50 cm yakakwirira, iyo yakafukidzwa nemashizha makuru e-lanceolate omumvuri wemumvuri waiva nemhepo yakasvibirira inotanga mumwaka, uye pakutanga kwezhizha kunopera. Midzi yemiti yacho inobhururuka yakareba, 3-5 cm yakareba, yakafukidzwa neharuki yakasviba. Colchicum colchicum inobereka isina, yakashama, inofanirwa-shaped-shaped, bisexual uye maruva makuru murefu we 20-25 cm.Vangagona kuva nemarudzi akasiyana-kubva kumachena kuenda kuhupenyu. Bhubhu paavhareji inopa 3-4 maruva.
Ko colchicum inotumbuka rini?
Chimiro chakagamuchira zita raro sechirongwa chakakosha chekusimudzirwa. Muchirimo, mapepa chete anowedzera kubva kwaari, mucolchicum maruva inopfuura muchitonho kubva munaOctober kusvika kune yekutanga chando. Iyo inotora inenge mwedzi. Munguva ino, maruva anokonzera nyuchi, ipapo mapanga anooma, uye mazai echando pasi pechando. Mimwe mhando yemiti inotumbuka mukati megore, asi haisi yakajairika.
Zvisikwa zvinokonzera colchicum - munguva yekuparadzwa kwemakorollas, haina mashizha. Zvibereko ndezvenyeredzi yechipfuva ine nhatu nhatu, dzinowonekwa kare mumhepo inouya, pakarepo mushure mekupedzisira kwechando. Mbeu dzinobereka muna May-June. Mushure mokugara kwavo, chikamu chevhu chinopera zvachose, uye bhuru "inorara vavete" kusvikira pakuguma kwezhizha, kusvikira zvakare inofanira kurasira maruva.
Mhando dze co-settlers
Iko inonzi colchicum ine marudzi anopfuura makumi mana, yakasiyana pakati pechirungu chekufamba nemaruva. Kune vazhinji vavo vanoshandisa mazita akasiyana-siyana - crocus autumnal, safironi yemafuta, musikana asina kupfeka. Izvo zvakakamurwa kuva autumn uye spring. Pakati pemhando dzakasiyana-siyana muminda, inodyarwa mbeu dzakakurumbira:
- Colchicum yakaisvonaka -yakasiyana-siyana, inosvika kuhukuru hwemasentimita makumi matatu, mashizha emashizha ane muganhu. Maruva ake akazara-ruvara rwepepuru, anoonekwa munaSeptember. Izvo zvakasiyana-siyana zvine maitiro akawanda emunda - mutsvuku, mutsvuku, mahr, gigantic.
- Colchicum inofara (kana yakajeka) -muvhuvhu munguva yekuyerera nzvimbo inoita seinoenderera mberi inovaraidza nzvimbo. Mazai ayo anokura nokukurumidza uye kugadzira mini makapeti emucheka-ruvara rwepepuru kusvika kune masendimita makumi maviri nemamita ane rosette yakafanana nemagnolia. Chimwe chinhu chinopenya chisingagumi chisingagumi ndezvekwaniso yekuzarura mazhizha akaumbwa munguva yechando panguva yechando. Ari munhu asina hanya uye anozivikanwa nevarimi vemaruva.
- Colchic Ankara is an early spring plant. Mabhesi pamwe nemashizha anoonekwa maari muna February-March. Iine mashizha matatu akaomeswa ane 2-4 maruva-ruvara rwemaruva, ayo muna April anenge atove apera.
- Cedarberry Byzantine - muti wacho une mazamu makuru, rosettes akafukidzwa nemagetsi anogunzva. Maruva acho akareba, ane chimiro chinopenya, tender-lilac. Rimwe bhubhu rinogona kusunungura kusvika makumi mapfumbamwe. Izvo zvakasiyana-siyana zvinowanzoshandiswa kugadzira.
Colchicum - kutarisira uye kukura
Ita cesspool iri nyore, kukura nekuyamwisa hazvikonzeri matambudziko. Ari munhu asina hanya, anowedzera pane imwe ivhu, anonyanya kubuda panyika yakasununguka, yakasvibiswa, iyo yakanaka kune unyoro nemhepo. Colchicum inonzwa zvakanaka, zvose muzuva uye mu penumbra. Chirimo chemahombekoma kunaya kwemvura, frosts haityi - mazamu kubva muvhu haatoreri kunze kwechando. Terry nemhando dzakachena muhuzha zvinofanira kuvharwa nemashizha akawa.
Colchicum - landing
Isa muvhu colchicum munaAgasti, apo iwe wakasima chimiro chakanakisisa, nokuti chiri mune imwe nzvimbo yezororo. Nekurima, mabhosi anotorwa, akaiswa pasi nevenguva 20 cm pakati pezvienzaniso. Kudzika kwehuturu hwekukwira kunobva paukuru hwavo uye hunosiyana kubva pa8 kusvika ku20. Panguva imwe chete, ivhu rinodikanwa kuti riitwe - ita 1 tbsp. l. superphosphate uye lita imwe yemhangura pa 1 mamita square plot. Mune ivhu risati radyara pasi pekuchera ibhakiti re humus uye 5 malita ejecha pa 1 sq.m.
Masereti anoita kuti zvive nyore kugadzira mashizha akasimba uye kunwisa ma tubers ane mishonga. Bloomberries kubva kuibrabhu inoyevedza mushure memavhiki matanhatu. Kuzadza tuber muvhu, zvinokosha kuva nechokwadi chokuti refu yake tube inotarisa pasi pevhu - saka bhu rinokura pairi. Mumakore anotevera, muchitsime nekwokupura, apo mashizha emutsika ari kuwedzera, chimiro chinodyiwa neine nitrogen michina. Mushonga wakakwana muhuwandu hwema gramu makumi matatu inopa 1 mita yemakirati yemuronga.
Ndeipi nguva yekutsvaira colchicum?
Chimiro chinokura kwenguva refu uye zvakanaka panzvimbo imwe - makore mashanu kana matanhatu. Zvadaro kuiswa kune zvakakosha, varimi vanoziva vanorayira kuti iitwe nguva dzose makore 2-3. Kana zvisina kudaro, mazai anokura nokukurumidza, anowedzera, iyo tubers pasi pano ichave yakamanikana. Nemhaka yeizvi, maruva emuti wacho anokura maduku kana kutopera zvachose. Nokudaro, yekare mabhosi ari nani ekuchera zvakakwana, achivaparadzanisa kuva mwanasikana nemadzimai ekuberekwa (izvo zvekare zvinenge zvisina kukodzera kumera). Vechidiki vane tubers zvakakosha pakudengenyeka.
Ndeipi nguva yekuchera musidhari?
Colchicum inobatanidzwa zvakare nyore nemwanasikana tubers. Izvo zvose zvakagadziriswa uye kudhonza chimiro chinodiwa muna August, apo mbeu yacho ine nguva yekuzorora. Asi iwe unofanirwa kuvhara iyo corms zvakanaka zvisati zvaitika. Kune cesspool, kuchengetedza nekurimwa kunoitwa nekufungisisa nguva yekusimudzirwa kwemaiti. Chengeta mabhuru pakutanga kwekuzorora kwezvinomera. Izvi zvinowanikwa pakati pezhizha mushure mekufa kwechikamu chevhu, kusati kwatanga maruva - mushure mokunge mashizha achinje uye achiwira pasi (pakati kana kuti pakupera kweJuly). Mushure mekuparadzaniswa kwevechidiki tubers vanodyarwa muvhu.
Colchicum - kubereka
Kuparidzirwa colchicum kunogona kuva mbeu nemwanasikana bulbs. Muchiitiko chekutanga, maruva anogona kuwanikwa pashure pemakore mashanu nemakore manomwe, yechipiri nzira - yakawanda. Colchicum - 2 nzira huru dzekubereka:
- Mbeu. Mbeu dzinobereka mukati mezhizha. Vanoputirwa kwenguva pfupi mumvura uye vakadyarwa muvhu rakasununguka, rakaoma, rakasimwa muna July. Zvirwere zvichaonekwa chete gore rinotevera. Zviri nyore kuzvitarisira - zvakasvibira kunze, mvura kana zvichidiwa, kubvarura masora uye kuvhara mashizha echando.
- Tubers. Pakati peJuly, kana yava nguva yekudyara colchicum, ma tubers akare abviswa uye vana vavo vanorega kubva kwavari. Iyo mababu anogara pakadzika kwe30-35 cm, inofanira kunge yakanyatsogadzirwa. Iyo tubers inobviswa kubva pasi, iyo tube-kuputika haisi kudonhwa pfupi. Mushure meizvozvo, ivo vanoshambidzwa, vakapatsanurwa, vanochengetwa kwehafu yeawa mune imwe sarudzo ye potassium permanganate. Zvadaro pakaoma uye uchengetedze pakaoma usati waburuka (anenge mazuva 2-3) pa24 ° C. Pakazosvika pakati paAugust, ma-bulbs anosimwa mu substrate yakaiswa nemafuta.
Colchicum care
Colchicum inofungidzirwa semiti isinganzwisisiki, kutarisirwa kwayo kunoda zvishoma. Kudiridza hazvidiwi, humidification inobudiswa panguva yekurira, kana panguva ino mumugwagwa inenge yakaoma. Pamwe dzimwe nguva, simiti inokwana kuderera kwemvura - tsika haifariri hurefu hwemvura, sezvo mabhuru anotanga kuora. Zvose zvinosanganisira kubviswa kwemasora uye chifukidzo chemashizha maduku echando nemashizha akaomeswa, lapnik, peat crumbs.
Colchicum inowanzobatwa ne slugs nemasina anodya mashizha makuru emiti mumiti. Nekudzivirira kunopa nguva yakakodzera yevhu weeding, kuenzanisa kunwisa. Nzvimbo inogona kusaswa nemarara, seashells, eggshells. Nechitarisiko chevaparadzi-vasingasviki vanouraya zvinouraya, fungicides Topaz, Champion, Kuproksat vachaponeswa. Zvikamu zvakanyatsopindirwa zvemuti unoda kubviswa.