Ichokwadi chokuti iyo inogadzirisa chirwere che tuberculosis ibhakitiriya yepathogenic inozivikanwa kune vakawanda. Asi chii chinonzi microorganism, chinoparidzirwa sei, mumamiriro api anonzwa achinetseka - kwete vese vadzidzisi vemazuva ano vanoziva mhinduro dzemibvunzo iyi?
Chii chinonzi bhakitiriya chepathogenic?
Iyo inokonzera causative agent weTiberculosis ndiyo tsvimbo yeTiberculosis. Icho chimiro chakaoma semarara, iyo yakareba inogona kusvika 10 microns. Kunyange zvazvo, sezvinoratidzira kuratidza, mabhakitiriya mashoma anowanzobva kubva 1 kusvika ku 4 μm. Wand yakawedzera huri zvishoma-kubva kubva ku 0.2 kusvika ku6 macrononi. I microorganism inogona kururamisa kana zvishoma. Sezvo mutemo, chimiro chemudon isunifomu, asi dzimwe nguva inenge yakawanda. Izvozvo zvinopera zvakakanganiswa.
Mycobacteria ndiyo iyo inokonzera chirwere chechirwere uye iri mukirasi re schizomycetes, mhuri ye actinomycetes. Zvinosanganisira:
- cell mesh;
- cytoplasmic membrane;
- mesosomes;
- cytoplasm;
- nyukliya zvinhu - nucleotide.
Mycobacterium ndiro zita remazuva ano. Pakutanga, mutengesi wekutupura weTiberculosis ainzi Koch's wand - mukuremekedzwa kwasayenzi, uyo akatanga kuidzidza zvakadzama uye akaratidza kuchena kwetsika yake. Ongororo yemhuka yakabvumira Koch kuratidza kuti chimiro chepathogen ichi chinotapukira.
Pathogenesis yechirwere
Iyo tuberculosis bacillus inoparidzirwa nemadonhwe emhepo. Pakati pevhesi, nguva yekudzivirira inotora kubva pavhiki mbiri kusvika pamwedzi. Kazhinji, pakarepo mushure mokunge mabhakitiriya apinda mumuviri, inonzi inonzi tubercle tubercle inoumbwa mumatumbu akabatwa. Inosanganisira masero makuru uye leukocyte akapoteredza mycobacteria.
Nekudzivirira kwakanaka kwezvirwere zvemuviri, hutachiona hwetachiona hahupfuuri mberi kwehutachi. Vanoramba vari mumuviri, asi havaiti chero ngozi. Kana chirwere ichi chisina simba, tsvimbo dzinotanga kuwanda nokukurumidza, uye chirwere chinowedzera.
Kurwisana nemagariro ezvakatipoteredza
Mycobacteria yakakwanisa kuenderana nehupenyu. Kunze kwemuviri, vanoramba vakashanda kwenguva yakareba:
- mumabhuku, mabhakitiriya anorarama kwemwedzi miviri kusvika mitatu;
- muguruva - mavhiki mashoma;
- mumakamuri - kusvika kumwedzi mitanhatu;
- mumakamuri asina kutaridzika nemasikati - kusvika pamwedzi mishanu;
- mune zvimwe zvokudya - mafuta, cheese - anenge gore.
Mukuwedzera, iyo inokonzera causative agent ye tuberculosis inogona kumira mazinga ekushisa. Saka, pamadhigiri makumi manomwe, wenderera anorarama kusvika hafu yeawa. Kubika kunouraya mycobacterium kwete kare kupfuura mumaminitsi mashanu.
Kunyange makemikari haigoni kukunda iyi microorganism nguva dzose. Saizvozvowo, hazvina maturo kuita zvayo nealkalis, acids kana alcohols. Ichi chinorondedzerwa chinotsanangurwa nechokwadi chokuti bhakitiriya ine nhengo yakasimba kwazvo. Iyo yekupedzisira yemafuta uye yakisi-yakafanana zvinhu zvinonyorwa.
Izvozvo zvinotyisa zvinotya chaizvo -zuva rezuva. Pasi pemusana wemirairo ye ultraviolet, iyo causative agent we tuberculosis anofa mukati memaminitsi mashomanana. Uye pakuva kwezuva, mycobacterium inoparadzwa kwehafu yehafu yeawa.
Nzira yekubata nayo Koch's wand?
Kwenguva refu yakatenda kuti zvakanga zvisingakwanisi kupora kubva kuchirwere cheshuga. Mhosva dzakaoma dzichiri kusangana nhasi. Kuti uparadze mycobacteria, unofanira kurwisa kwenguva yakareba uye zvakanyanyisa. Imwe mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya munyaya iyi haizobatsiri. Mishonga inofanirwa kutorwa nenzira yakazara uye yenguva dzose. Kunyange munguva shoma shoma, bhakitiriya inogona kukudzivirira kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvikuru zvinoshanda zvinhu.
Panguva yekurapa inorambidzwa zvachose kunwa doro uye kusvuta. Zvokudya zvevarwere zvinofanira kusanganisira nhamba huru yezvokudya nyama, miriwo, michero.