Nguva yekuzvarwa kwepamuviri yakakwana masvondo makumi matatu nemasere makumi mana, asi inowanzoitika kuti pasi pesimba rekunze kana mukati mukati memwana anozvarwa kare kare. Uye kana vose vacheche vachida rudo uye kugara vachinyatsotarisirwa, vana vanenge vasati vazvarwa vasati vasvika vanoda izvi zvakapetwa kazana, nokuti nekuda kwekuonekwa kwemuviri wavo mumaitiro akawanda hachisati yabereka upenyu hwe extrauterine. Vana vachangoberekwa vacheche ndivo vacheche vanoberekwa munguva yevhiki dzemavhiki 28-37. Zvichienderana nechiremera chemuviri, zvidimbu zvakasiyana zvehutano hwakaparadzaniswa zvakaparadzana, vana vane uremu hwemuviri we1,5 kg vanofungidzirwa kunge vasati vasvika, uye pasi pe1 kg inenge isati yakwana.
Zviratidzo zvekunze kwevana vasati vasvika zvinotevera:
- utano hwemuviri 1-2,5 kg;
- kureba - 35-46 cm;
- disproportionate build:
- makumbo marefu nemutsipa;
- Musoro mukuru;
- Nhawuni inobva kune imwe nzvimbo kusvika kune imwe nzvimbo.
- dhehenya rakatenderera, zvigaro zvedehenya uye fontanel zvinozarurwa;
- nzeve dziri nyore uye dzakamanikidzwa kumusoro;
- thin wrinkled skin;
- muviri wakafukidzwa ne fuzz yepakutanga;
- hapasisina hutsika fat layer;
- misumari isingasvikiki;
- vakomana vacho havana mapepa, kupera mukati mevasikana kuri kukanganisa.
Hapana chimwe chezviratidzo izvi zvakasiyana chinoratidza kuti mwana asati apera, chete iyo yakazara inotorwa.
Zvinoshandiswa zviratidzo zvevana vasati vasvika:
- lethargy;
- kugona;
- kuderera kwematomu tone;
- zvisina kunyatsogadzirwa zvokudya zvinoratidzika;
- thermoregulation disorders;
- kushungurudzika kwemakumbo emakumbo;
- wincing;
- kudengenyeka kwemaoko.
Kushandisa vana vasati vasvika
Kuchengetwa kwevana vasati vasvika kunoitwa mumatanho maviri: mumusha wekuberekwa uye nedhipatimendi rinokosha, mushure mokunge mwana wacho akatumirwa pasi pekutarisirwa kwepolyclinic.
Munyika yose, "kunyorova" kutarisira vana vasati vasvika kunoshandiswa, umo vanoita kuti zvive zvakanyanya kupindira, nechinangwa chekugadzirisa zvinorwadza uye kushungurudzika. Pakarepo mushure mokuberekwa, mwana anotangira anogadziriswa mumvura yakasviba yakasviba kuti arege kudzivirira kwake. Kwemazuva mashomanana ekutanga vana ava vanobatwa mukuvezah inokosha yakanyatsosarudzwa nemamiriro ezvinhu - kutonhora, humidho uye oksijeni. Vaya vachangoberekwa vacheche vasunungurwa kubva kumusha wekuberekwa, uyo uremu hwekuberekwa hwaive hunopfuura 2 kg, asi vamwe vose vanoendeswa kunzvimbo dzakasarudzwa apo danho rechipiri reukoti rinoitika.
Kukura kwevana vasati vasvika
Kana mwana asati azvarwa asati aine hutano husina maturo, ipapo kukura kwayo kunowedzera nekukurumidza. Vana vasati vatanga kuwedzera kukurumidza, sekunge vachiedza kubata nevezera ravo: mwedzi mitatu kurema kwehafu nehafu kusvika mairi kilogram yemwana kabhiri, uye negore rinowedzera nguva 4-6. Mumwe-gore-gore rinotangira vacheche rinokura kusvika 70-77 cm.
Mwedzi miviri yekutanga yehupenyu mwana asati asvika anofamba zvishomanana, anokurumidza kuneta uye anowedzera nguva yakawanda muhope. Kutanga pamwedzi miviri, basa recheche rinova guru, asi kukanganiswa kwemaoko nemakumbo zvinowedzera. Mwana anoda maitiro anokosha kuti asunungure minwe yake.
Nzira yekutya yemwana asati azvarwa isati yakwana, iyo inoratidzirwa mumafambiro ake - nguva dzekurara kwenguva refu dzinotsiviwa nekushushikana pasina chikonzero, mwana anotya nezwi rakapinza, kuchinja mumamiriro ezvinhu. Chero humwe hutsva, vanhu vatsva uye kunyange kuchinja kwehupenyu kunopiwa kuvana vasati vasvika zvikuru.
Pamusana pokusava nekugadzikana kwegadziriro yezvokudya, vana vacheche vasati vadzivirirwa, saka ivo vanowanzowedzera uye vanorema zvikuru. Iyo pfungwa yekugadzirisa vana vasati vasvika pane imwe nguva inopera shure ichienzaniswa nevezera ravo vese. Kuti kuderedze kuparara uku, vabereki vanofanira kuve nechokwadi chekutarisira, nguva dzose sezvinobvira, edza kutora mwana mumaoko ake, taura naye, kupa rudo rwake nekudziya, nokuti kushamwaridzana kwepedyo kunokosha kune vana vasati vasvika.