Pneumocystis pneumonia inzira inoputira inopisa mumapapu anokonzerwa nembiriso-yakafanana nefungi Pneumocystis jirovecii (pneumocysts). Utachiona hunogona kuitika nemadonhwe emhepo. Izvi zvinowanikwa mumapapu evanhu vakawanda vane utano, asi zvinokonzera hutano chete muhutano hwemumunodeficient.
Kuneta kwehutachiona kunogona kuva nekuda kwezvinhu zvinotevera:
- kudya kwakashata;
- antibiotic mishonga;
- iyo chemotherapy;
- zvirwere zveropa;
- pamuviri;
- kugamuchirwa kwezvirwere zvinoshandiswa mumasikirwo (semuenzaniso, nekugadzirwa kwemuviri), nezvimwewo.
Zvisinei, kazhinji kacho chirwere chinowanika kune vanhu vane simba rekudzivirirwa mumuviri, rinokonzerwa nehutachiona hweHIV (AIDS). Pneumocystis pneumonia inyoresa mu 70% yevanhu vanotapukirwa neHIV.
Ko pneumocystis pneumonia inokura sei?
Zvirwere zvinotapukira zvinopinda mumuviri wemunhu kuburikidza nechirwere chekupema. Kuzosvika kumwenje webronchi nealveoli, vanotanga kuwedzera. Munguva iyi, mucus inotanga kuunganidzwa mumugwagwa wekupemha, izvo zvinonyanya kudzivirira kufambira mberi kwemhepo.
Iyo metabolite yakabudiswa panguva yekugadzirwa kwepneumocysts kupinda muropa uye kunokonzera kubudiswa kwezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Izvi zvinokonzera kuvhiringidza kwemasvingo e-alveoli yemapapu, izvo zvinokonzera kukanganisa kupora. Kufambira mberi kwehutano kunotungamirira ku pulmonary fibrosis, mapapu emphysema , yakavharwa pneumothorax inogonawo kukura. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, pneumocyst inopinda dzimwe nhengo (chiropa, hono, spleen).
Zviratidzo zvePneumocystis pneumonia
Kutanga kwechirwere ichi kazhinji kwakanyanya, uye kunoratidzwa nezviratidzo zvinotevera:
- kuwedzera kuduku kwekushisa kwemuviri;
- headache;
- munyoro dyspnoea ane simba;
- general weak;
- kuwedzera kutuka;
- kurwadziwa mubhokisi;
- chifukidzi (kakawanda kaoma, chikafu, kashoma - pamwe nekubudiswa kwe foamy sputum).
Pashure pevhiki imwe kana maviri, zviratidzo zvinotevera zvinogona kuonekwa:
- fever;
- dyspnea pazororo;
- kukohwa kukuru;
- cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle;
- acrocyanosis;
- kubviswa kwezvikamu zve intercostal.
Muvanhu vanotapukirwa neHIV, chirwere chinowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, zviratidzo zvepermonary zviratidzo zvinogona kuratidzira mushure mevhiki 4-12. Mune varwere vakadai, pneumocystic pneumonia inowanzobatanidzwa nedzimwe zvirwere, saka kudhakwa kunoratidzika kunge kuri pamberi pechipatara.
Kuongororwa kwePPP
Kuongorora kwacho kunobva pane rayography kana kuti computed tomography. Kuziva kuti causative agent yehutachiona inokwanisika ne histological test ye bronchoalveolar kushamba mvura uye transbronchial biopsies, inoitwa nenzira ye fibrobronchoscopy.
Kurapa kwePCP
Varwere vane chirevo chechirwere chechirwere chechirwere chacho vari muchipatara, kurapwa kwePPP neHIV kunoitwawo mune zvirwere zvisingakoshi. Akagadzirwa nemishonga inodhaka,
- anti-inflammatory drugs;
- expectorant , mucolytics;
- immunomodulators, etc.
Mishonga inokonzera iyo pneumocyst trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole uye pentamidine isothionate. AIDS varwere vanowanzomiririrwa alpha-difluoromethylornithine. Oxygen inoshaya inokurudzirwa oksijeni.