Emphysema yemapapu inonzi chirwere, pamwe chete nemhepo yakawanda mumapapu. Muchiitiko ichi, kufanana nekufema uye gasi kushandiswa kunovhiringidzika. Chirwere chacho hachigoni uye chinoratidzirwa nenzira inofambira mberi. Kazhinji kacho, vanhu vane chirwere chinononoka uye vakwegura vanotambura ne emphysema.
Zvinokonzera emphysema
Zvimwe zvinokonzera kukura kwe emphysema zvinongororwa mumapoka maviri.
Yokutanga inosanganisira zvinhu zvinokonzerwa nekusimba uye simba rezvinhu zvemapapu zvinopwanyika, uye iyo yose dhipatimendi rekupumadza yemapapu rinodzokororwa zvakare:
- kugadziriswa kwekusvuta fodya fodya;
- kugadziriswa kwemhepo yakasvibiswa neguruva guru kana makemikari;
- kuberekwa kwekuzvarwa kwee alpha-1-antitrypsin;
- kukanganiswa kwe microcirculation mumapapu.
Boka rechipiri rinosanganisira zvinhu zvinowedzera kuwedzera mukati memapfupa ekufuridzira emapapu, nepo kupumzika kwebronchioles, mafundo eve alveolar uye alveoli kuwedzera mamwe. Kunyanya, izvi zvinokonzerwa nekudzivirira (kuvhiringidzika) kwepurogiramu yekupumha, iyo inobatanidza bhonchitis.
Mhando dze emphysema
Boka rokutanga rezvikonzero zvinokonzera kutanga emphysema yemapapu. Muchiitiko ichi mapapu ose akanganiswa, uye iyi fomu inonzi inoparidzirwa.
Kana hutachiona hunochinja mumapapu hunobatanidza nekutapurirwa kwechirwere chetachiona kana kuti bronchitis, zvino taura nezvechipiri chemphysema, iyo inonyanya kuratidzwa muhurukuro. Muchiitiko ichi, mapapu anokanganisa zvishoma uye mukati mavo anoumbwa bullae - nzvimbo dzakaputika dzizere nemhepo.
Chii chinoitika panguva yekudzivirira muviri?
Pamusana pekuputsa kwehutano hwemapapu emapapu, kuwanda kwemweya uko kunopera kunowedzera. Nokudaro pamapapu pane kuwandisa kwemhepo, iyo munhu wacho asingakwanisi kubudisa. Nokudaro, chiratidzo chikuru che emphysema ndechekupfupika kwemhepo. Mune varwere vane maitiro ekugara nhaka emphysema, dyspnea inotanga kukura pazera duku.
Mhepo inoramba iri mumapapu haibatanidzi mubasa racho, saka, oxygen shoma inopinda muropa, uye iyo carbon dioxide yakabudiswa yakaderedzwa zvakare.
Mukuwedzera, uwandu hwehutachiona huri mumapapu hunotanga kuwedzera, nekuda kwekuti nhengo idzi dzinowedzera kukura, uye mukati mazvo zvinowanzobatanidza mabhesi emhepo achienderera mberi nemishonga chaiyo.
Zviratidzo zvekufungidzira
Zivai emphysema ne:
- pronounced dyspnea, iyo inonyanya kuoma panguva yekurovedza muviri;
- zvakananga "kuzvidzora" - murwere anoita nokukurumidza, "kubata" kufema, uye kuneta zvishoma nezvishoma, kuzvirumbidza matama ake nekuvhara miromo yake;
- cyanosis - kana chimiro che emphysema chisingafurwi, murwere anoita bluu-bhii nerurimi, mbambo, nemiromo;
- kuchinja kusina simba kwebhokisi, iyo munyaya ino ine bhari-yakaumbwa, chimiro chekuvhunga;
- akawedzera nzvimbo dzepamusoro-soro uye nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana.
Varwere vane emphysema vanomanikidzwa kurara pamimba yavo nemukati wavo wakaderedzwa pasi, kunyange muzvikamu zvekare chikonzero ichi chinokonzera kusagadzikana, nokuti varwere vanofanira kurara vakagara. Munguva yekumuka varwere vanofarira kugara zvishoma zvakanyanyisa mberi - naizvozvo zviri nyore kwavari kuti vafunge mhepo.
Kuongororwa uye kurapwa kwemphysema
Mukudzidza kwe emphysema:
- kubvongodza uye kuputika kwemukati (bombi uye matepi);
- X-ray yemapapu (radiologic chiratidzo chekubudisa emphysema - kudirwa kwechirafu uye kubhururuka kwemapapu emapapu);
- computed tomography yemapapu for
kunzvimbo dzehando; - kutarisa kwekufuridzira kunze (chiremba anofungidzira kuwanda kwemhepo murwere anogona kubudisa).
Emphysema inotyisidzira nematambudziko akadai sekushaya mwoyo uye mapirmita kusakwana uye pneumothorax (kupinda muchipfuva chemhepo kubva pakushungurudzika kukuru). Mukuwedzera, mapapu ayo anoshanda asingakwanisi kunyanya kuoma kuhutachiona. Saka, zvakakosha kuonana nachiremba pamusana pekufungidzirwa kwepermonary emphysema - iye achaongorora zviratidzo uye anorayira kurapwa, iyo yose yakazara kusvika pakuramba tsika dzakaipa uye kuporesa gymnastics. Dzimwe nguva nzombe dzinobviswa chirwere.