Penicillin imwe yezvinyanya kuzivikanwa ma antibiotics munhoroondo yevanhu. Maererano nekuongororwa kweLondon Science Museum, kuwanikwa kwe penicillin kunzvimbo yechipiri pakurongwa mukunyorwa kwezvinhu zvakanyanya kuwanikwa kwevanhu. Kuwanikwa kwaro kwakaitika pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, uye kushandisa kushandiswa kwe penicillin semishonga yakatanga panguva yeHondo Yenyika Yechipiri.
Penicillin chibereko chehupenyu hwehutu hwePenicillium mold. Kubudirira kwaro kunowedzera kusvika kune zvose gram-positive uye mamwe mabhakitiriya e gram-negative (staphylococci, gonococci, spirochete, nezvimwewo).
Kushandiswa kwe penicillin
Zvakanaka kushivirira penicillin zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kuzvishandisa kune huwandu hwezvirwere:
- sepsis;
- gesi rinouraya;
- meningococcal infection ;
- zvipembenene zvakakura zveganda nekuda kwekukuvara;
- chiso;
- ubongo hwepfungwa;
- Zvirwere zvepabonde (gonorrhea, syphilis);
- kunyanya kupisa (3 ne4);
- cholecystitis;
- croupous uye focal pneumonia;
- furunculosis;
- ophthalmic inflammation;
- nzeve dzinonzwa;
- zvipembenene zvepamusoro pekupumha kwepakati.
Mukuchirapa vana, chirwere ne penicillin chinogona kunyorwa ne:
- septicopyemia (a kind of sepsis nekuumbwa kwemapumburu akabatanidza mune nhengo dzakasiyana);
- septicemia ye umbilical munzvimbo muchecheche;
- otitis, pneumonia muzvitsva uye muvana vaduku;
- purulent pleurisy uye meningitis.
Mafomu e penicillin akabudiswa
Penicillin inobereka nenzira yeupfu, iyo iyo isati yajowa inonongedzerwa nechinangwa chakanaka. Ijojo dzinogona kuitwa intramuscularly, subcutaneously, intravenously. Uyewo penicillin sarudzo inogona kushandiswa sekudzivirira uye madonhwe (kune nzeve nemaziso).
Kugadzirira penicillin boka
Nemhaka yemagumisiro ayo pamasero eabhakitiriya (kuderedza kukanganisa kwemakemikari kwakakosha kuupenyu uye kubereka kwemasero eubhakitiriya), penicillin-based drugs inowanikwa mune rimwe boka reboka. Kugadzirira kweboka revanhu re penicillin kunosanganisira:
- Procaine;
- Bicillin;
- Retarpen;
- Ospen;
- benzylpenicillin sodium salt;
- benzylpenicillin potassium salt.
Penicillin yemasikirwo inobatanidzwa mune zvakanyanya kufadza muviri. Nokufamba kwenguva, mabhakitiriya akava kusagadzikana kwepenicillin yemasikirwo uye indasitiri yemishonga yakatanga kukura semisynthetic penicillin:
- Ampicillin;
- Oxycellin;
- Ampiox.
Zvimwe zvinokonzerwa nemasikirwo emishonga zvinonyanya kutaurwa:
- kushungurudzwa kwebhuku remimba;
- dysbiosis;
- kanda kugadzirisa zvirwere;
- anaphylactic shock.
Iye zvino, chizvarwa chechina chekugadzirira zvine penicillin chave chichigadzirwa.
Kugadzirira penicillin, inenge yose inoparadzwa nechinoti asidi uye haisi kupa zvakakodzera kurapwa kwakanaka. Asi kune madhiragi ane penicillin, akabudiswa mumapiritsi. Kuumbwa kwemishonga iyi kwakagadzira antacid zvinhu zvinoderedza kusviba kwemajisi echingwa. Chaizvoizvo, zvinodhaka izvi ndezvenyama-synthetic substances:
- Amoxicillin ari mahwendefa;
- Amoxyl - CMS;
- Ospamox;
- Flemoxin.
Semitemo, kugamuchirwa kwepenicillin kugadzirira mumapiritsi kunoitwa pasinei nekudya kwemazuva 5-10.
Mamwe maitiro ekubudiswa kwepenicillin boka remishonga
Zvimwe zvakafanana zvepenicillin mumapiritsi zvinowanikwa nenzira yegranules yekugadziriswa kwekumiswa kana kuti capsules:
- Ospen;
- Hiconcile;
- Ospamox;
- Amoxiclav ;
- Bactox.
Maitiro akadaro emurairo akakodzera zvakakodzera kurapwa kwezvirwere zvehuduku. inogona kuparara mujisi, mukaka, tei uye zvimwe zvinodhaka.