Mukupfungwa kwepfungwa zvinowanzoshandiswa neuroleptics - urongwa hwezvinodhaka hwakawanda. Zvinodhaka zveboka iri zvinoshandiswa kana kunetseka kwakanyanya kwenheyo yenheyo. Vakawanda vavo vane mhando yakawanda yekupikisana, saka chiremba anofanira kuvarayira uye kupa mutero.
Neuroleptics - nzira yekuita
Iyi kirasi yemishonga yakabuda munguva pfupi yapfuura. Pamberi, maopiates, bladladonna kana bleach zvakashandiswa kurapa varwere vane psychoses. Mukuwedzera, inravenously injected bromides. Mumakumi mashanu emakore ekupedzisira, varwere vane psychoses vakanyorerwa antihistamines. Zvisinei, mushure memakore mashomanana, vana veuropeptics vezera rekutanga vakaonekwa. Zita ravo rinokonzerwa nemigumisiro yemuviri. Kubva muchiGiriki "νεῦρον" rinoshandurwa kuti "neuron" kana "nerve", uye "λῆψις" - "capture".
Muchirevo chisinganzwisisiki, iyo yeuroleptic inokonzerwa nemigumisiro yemishonga yeboka iri remishonga ine muviri. Iyi mishonga inozivikanwa nemigumisiro yakadaro yemasvomhu:
- vane unhu hwemagumisiro (zvinodhaka zvinokonzera kupisa kwemuviri wepasi);
- vane chinokanganisa (mishonga inonyaradza murwere);
- anopa antiemetic effect;
- kuva nerunyararo;
- anopa zvirwere zvinopesana nemhepo;
- vane anti-icicle uye antivitussive madhara;
- normalize maitiro;
- zvinoita kuti kuderedzwa kwehupenyu hwehupenyu;
- potentsiruyut chiito chezvinwiwa zvinodhaka, narcotic analgesics , tranquilizers uye hypnotics.
Kurongwa kwevanopesana nechokuita
Urongwa hwezvinodhaka muboka iri hwakawanda. Kune dzakasiyana-siyana antipsychotics - kushambadza kunosanganisira kusiyana kwemishonga pane zvakasiyana-siyana. Vose vane mishonga inokonzerwa neuroleptics inowanzoparadzaniswa mumapoka akadaro:
- typical;
- atypical.
Mukuwedzera, mishonga yeurouroptic inoparadzanisa maererano nemakiriniki emigumisiro yemishonga:
- sedative;
- kukanganisa;
- antipsychotic.
Maererano nehuwandu hwekutsvaga, antipsychotics inogona kuva:
- zvinodhaka nekanguva pfupi;
- kwenguva refu-kushandisa madhiragi.
Zvimwe zvinorwisa antipychotic
Kugadzirira kweboka iri remishonga rinoratidzirwa nehutano hwepamusoro. Aya ndiwo antipsychotics. Apo pavanotorwa, mikana yemigumisiro inotanga kuonekwa. Izvozvo zvinopesana nemasikirwo (urongwa hwemishonga yakawanda) hunogona kubva pane zvinotevera:
- phenothiazine;
- thioxanthene;
- butyrophenone;
- indole;
- benzodiazepine;
- diphenylbutylpiperidine.
Muchiitiko ichi, phenothiazines dzakasiyana nemakemikari awo muzvikamu zvakadai:
- kuva nekona yepiperazine;
- kuva nechokufukidzana chisungo;
- ne pyridine nucleus.
Mukuwedzera, antipsychotics (urongwa hwemishonga inopiwa pasi apa) pakubudirira kunogona kusiyaniswa mumapoka akadaro:
- zvinoninipisa;
- kushandisa zvinodhaka nemishonga inopesana nemhepo;
- rakasimba antipsychotics.
Atypical antipsychotics
Aya ndiwo mishonga yemazuva ano iyo inogona kuedza kuita zvakadaro pamuviri:
- kuvandudza mafungiro ekufungisisa nekuyeuka;
- vane chinokonzera;
- vane antipsychotic effect;
- zvakasiyana neurological effects.
Atypical antipsychotics vane zvakadaro:
- motokari inoratidzika hupenyu hushoma;
- hutsika hwepamusoro hwezvinetso;
- iyo nhamba ye prolactin inenge isingashanduki;
- uye nyore nyore madhiragi akadaro anonyoreswa ne excretory system;
- inenge isingaiti maitiro ekugadzirisa dopamine;
- zvinorerukirwa nyore nevarwere;
- inogona kushandiswa mukurapa kwevana.
Neuroleptics - zviratidzo zvekushandiswa
Zvinodhaka zveboka iri zvinorayirwa neuroses etiology yakasiyana. Inoshandiswa kurapa varwere vezera ripi neripi, kusanganisira vana nevakwegura. Neuroleptics uchapupu kune izvi:
- chronic uye acute psychosis;
- psychomotor agitation;
- kusingaperi kwehope ;
- kurutsa kusingaperi;
- Tourette's syndrome ;
- kushungurudzika kwemavara uye chimiro chepfungwa;
- mafungiro anofamba;
- phobias ;
- motokari matambudziko;
- Kugadzirira preoperative kwevarwere;
- kukanganisa uye nezvimwe zvakadaro.
Migumisiro Yechirwere yeNeuroleptics
Ukana hwekuita kusakanganiswa hunoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu akadaro:
- the applied dosage;
- nguva yerapi;
- zera remurwere;
- hupenyu hwake hwehutano;
- kushamwaridzana kwemishonga inotorwa nemimwe mishonga iyo murwere anonwa.
Kazhinji kacho migumisiro yakadaro yemagetsi anonyatsooneka:
- kukanganisa kwe endocrine system, inowanzotarisana nemuviri kushandiswa kwenguva refu kwemishonga;
- kuwedzera kana kuderera mukudya, uye kuchinja kuyerwa;
- kukwegura kwakanyanya, kunoonekwa mumazuva okutanga ekutora mishonga;
- kuwedzera mushutu toni, kutaura kwakashata uye zvimwe zviratidzo zve neuroleptic syndrome, kuchinja kuwedzerwa kunobatsira kugadzirisa mamiriro acho ezvinhu.
Zvinonzwisisika kudarika kushandiswa ndezvechiito chevana veuropaptics:
- kurasikirwa kwenguva pfupi kwemaonero;
- kusagadzikana mubasa regumbo rekudya (kuvimbiswa kana kubuda);
- kunetsa kunyura;
- mumuromo wakaoma kana salivation yakasimba;
- trism;
- matambudziko ejaculation.
Kushandiswa kweeuroleptics
Pane zvirongwa zvakawanda zvekunyorera mishonga yeboka iri. Neuroleptic zvinodhaka zvinogona kushandiswa sezvinotevera:
- Nzira yekukurumidza - iyo mizinga inounzwa kune yakakwana mumazuva maviri, uye mushure mezvo iyo yose yekurapa inochengetwa pane iyi.
- Slow build-up inoreva kukura zvishoma nezvishoma muwandu wemishonga inotorwa. Mushure memazuva ose ekurapa, inochengetedzwa pane imwe nzvimbo yakakwana.
- Nzira yeZigzag - murwere anotora mishonga iri muhotera yakakwirira, zvino anonyatsopedza, uye anowedzera zvakare. Iko kunofambisa ndiyo yose yekurapa.
- Mishonga pamwe nemishonga inogadziriswa mumazuva 5-6.
- Kushungurudza therapy - kaviri pavhiki murwere anotora mushonga wacho muhomwe huru. Somugumisiro, muviri wake unotungamira chemoshock, uye psychoses inogumira.
- Nzira yekuchinja-shanduka - chirongwa chinoshandiswa nemishonga yakasiyana-siyana yepfungwa.
Usati wasarudza antipsychotics (urongwa hwezvinodhaka hwakazara), chiremba achaita checkup kuti aone kana murwere ane zvinopesana. Kubva pakurapa nemishonga iyi boka rinofanira kuramba mune chimwe chezviitiko zvakadaro:
- pamuviri;
- kuvapo kwe glaucoma;
- chirwere muhupenyu hwemwoyo yematambudziko;
- zvinokonzerwa ne antipsychotics;
- feverish condition;
- kunwisa uye zvichingodaro.
Mukuwedzera, iyo yeuroleptic effect yemishonga iri muboka iri inobva pane zvinonzi mishonga inotorwa pamwe navo panguva imwe chete. Somuenzaniso, kana chirwere chakadaro chakadhakwa nevanorwara, zvinotungamirira pakuwedzera kwechiito chekutanga uye chechipiri. Nekudaro, kuvimbiswa kunowanzoonekwa uye kuwedzerwa kweropa kunobuda. Zvisinei, kune vasina kufanira (dzimwe nguva ane ngozi) kuwirirana:
- Kamwe chete kugamuchira neuroleptics uye benzodiazepines kunogona kukuvadza kufema kuora mwoyo.
- Antihistamines mu duet ne antipsychotics inotungamirira kusakosha muNCS.
- Insulin, anticonvulsant, antidiabetics uye doro kunogadzirisa kubudirira kwevangarava.
- Kufanana kwehutano hwe antipsychotics uye tetracyclines kunoita kuti mukana wekuropa uwedzere nehupfu.
Inguva yakareba sei ndinogona kutora antipsychotics?
Scheme uye nguva yekurapa inorayirwa nachiremba. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, chiremba, mushure mekuongorora tsvina yehutachiona, anogona kuverenga kuti pane zvakakwana uye yemavhiki matanhatu. Somuenzaniso, saka tora sedative neuroleptics. Zvisinei, kakawanda maitiro aya haana kukwana kuti awane chigumisiro chisingaperi, saka chiremba anorayira chirwere chenguva refu. Mune varwere pachavo, inogona kurarama hupenyu hwose (kubva nenguva nenguva pfupi mapfupi anoitwa).
Kubviswa kweAntipsychotics
Mushure mekumisa kushandiswa kwemishonga (izvi zvinonyanya kuonekwa patinotora mumiririri weboka rinowanzoitwa), mamiriro ezvinhu emuurwere anogona kuipa. Iro neuroleptic withdrawal syndrome inotanga kuzviratidza pakarepo. Iyo yakaiswa mukati memavhiki maviri. Kuti vadzivirire chirwere chemurwere, chiremba anogona kuchinyorera zvishoma nezvishoma kubva kune antipsychotics kusvika kune zvigadzikane. Mukuwedzera, chiremba mumakadaro akadaro anongorondedzera mavitamini eboka B.
Neuroleptic zvinodhaka - urongwa
Antipsychotics inomiririrwa mune zvakasiyana-siyana. Muongorori ane mukana wekusarudza zvakanakisisa neuroleptics kune mumwe murwere - urongwa hwemishonga nguva dzose huripo. Asati agadzirira nguva, chiremba anoongorora mamiriro emunhu anenge achishandira kwaari uye kana mushure mokunge izvozvo zvichiita chisarudzo pamusoro pemishonga inorayira kwaari. Kana kusavapo kwechikonzero chaidiwa, chirwere chinonzi neuroleptic chinogona kugoverwa nemumwe nyanzvi - urongwa hwezvinodhaka huchabatsira kusarudza "kuchinja". Panguva imwecheteyo, chiremba achapa mutero wakakwana wemishonga mutsva.
Zvizvarwa zve antipsychotics
Zvimwe zvinorwisa antipychotic zvinomiririrwa nemishonga yakadaro:
- Chlorpromazine;
- Haloperidol;
- Molindon;
- Thioridazine uye nezvimwewo.
Inonyanya kuzivikanwa neuroleptics yechizvarwa chitsva pasina madhara:
- Abilifay;
- Fluphenazine;
- Quetiapine;
- Fluanexol;
- Triftazine;
- Levomepromazine.
Neuroleptics - urongwa hwezvigadzirwa pasina mirairo
Pane mishonga yakadaro. Zvisinei, munhu haafaniri kufunga kuti kuzvipira kwakachengeteka kwavari: kunyange antipsychotics inopiwa pasina mirairo inofanira kutorwa pasi pekutarisirwa kwechiremba. Anoziva nzira yekuita kwemishonga iyi uye inokurudzira iyo yakakwana dheji. Neuroleptic zvinodhaka pasina mitemo - urongwa wemishonga inowanikwa:
- Olanzapine;
- The Serdolect;
- Ariprizol;
- Etperazine;
- Chlorprotixen.
Yakanakisisa antipsychotics
Yakanyanya kuchengeteka uye inobudirira inofungidzirwa kuti inypical zvinodhaka. Neuroleptics yechizvarwa chitsva inowanzonyorwa:
- Sertindol;
- Solian;
- Zeldox;
- Lakvel;
- Clozapine;
- Depral;
- Prosulfin;
- Betamax;
- Limipranil nevamwe.