Nhengo yakakodzana yechipfuva chediki uye inorema inenge 13 gramu, chirwere chedrenal, chinoreva mavara ekunze kwemukati. Izvo zvipembenene zvinowanikwa, zvakanamatira, paitsvo dzakarurama uye dzakasara. Izvo zvisingaiti "vabatsiri" vanoita basa guru mukushanda kwemaitiro emagetsi uye hutano hwehupenyu hwose.
Nzvimbo dze adrenal cortex uye mahomoni avo
Anatomically, ichi chikamu chine zvikamu zviviri (cerebral uye cortical substance), izvo zvinotungamirirwa nehutano hwemagetsi. Mahomoni eAdrenal cortex uye maitiro avo pakugadziriswa kwezvisikwa kumamiriro ezvinhu anokonzera, kutonga kwehutano hwepabonde hahukwanisi kuderedzwa. Kushaiwa kana kuwedzera kwechakavanzika chakavanzika kunokanganisa utano uye kunyange hupenyu hwevanhu. Iyo adrenal cortex yakakamurwa kuva nhatu:
- mesh;
- bhora;
- glomerular.
Mahomoni emakoreti emhete eAdrenal cortex
Nzvimbo iyi yakave nezita rayo nekuda kwekuonekwa kwayo mufananidzo we porous mesh yakagadzirwa nemafuta e epithelial tissue. Iyo hormone huru ye reticulum ye adrenal gland isrostenedione, iyo inopindirana ne testosterone uye estrogen. Nechimiro chayo, icho chakanyanya kusimba kupfuura testosterone uye ndicho chakavanzika chechikadzi munhengo yevakadzi. Kubva pachiyero chayo kunobva pakuumbwa uye kubudirira kwechipiri chepabonde maitiro. Kuderedza kana kukura muhuwandu hwe androstenedione mumuviri wevakadzi kunoita kuti pave nehuwandu hwezvirwere zvekupedzisira:
- kusagadzikana kwezvikadzi;
- kushandiswa kwekuratidzwa kwehutsika hunhu (kunyanya kuvepa, kucheka kwezwi inzwi);
- matambudziko ekutora pamuviri uye gestation.
Saizvozvowo mumigumisiro yaro dehydroepiandrosterone, iyo inobereka chivharo chezasi, inotora chikamu chekuita muprotini yekugadzira. Nekubatsira kwayo, vatambi vanowedzera musimba simba.
Mahomoni ezvikomba munzvimbo yeAdrenal cortex
Mahomoni eAdrenal cortex ye steroid nature yakagadzirwa nemuti wemuti wemuviri uyu. Izvi zvinosanganisira cortisone uye cortisol . Iyi glucocorticoids inobatanidzwa mune zvakawanda zvirongwa zvemagetsi:
- shandisa kuumbwa kweglucose;
- inobatanidzwa mukugadzirisa mafuta, mapuroteni;
- kuderedza kuputika uye kugadzirisa zvirwere;
- kuratidzira kuonekwa kunokonzerwa nehutachiona hwehutano;
- kuwedzera gastric acidity;
- kuchengetedza mvura yakasvibirira mumasukisi;
- zvinodzivisa kusazvidzivirira nehuviri hunoda (kubata);
- kudzora kuwedzera kweropa;
- kuwedzera kukunda kushungurudzika uye mamiriro ekutyisa.
Mahomoni e-glomerular zone ye adrenal cortex - mabasa avo
Iyo adrenal cortex inobereka mahomoni anodzora mvura-electrolyte muyero. Inonzi inozivikanwa se mineralocorticoids uye inoshandiswa munzvimbo ye glomerular. Chigadzirwa chikuru cheboka iri ildhesterone, iro rinofanira kuwedzera kuvhara kwemafuta uye sodium kubva mumigodhi uye kuderedza muzinga we potassium muitsvo, iyo inotarisa muyero wezviviri zvemaminera anoshingaira. Nhamba yakakwirira yealdosterone ndeimwe yezviratidzo zvekusimudzirwa kwekuwedzera kwekumanikidza kweropa.
Mahomoni eAdrenal cortex - miedzo
Kuti uongorore zvimwe zvirwere kana kusagadzikana kwechirwere chendocrine, genitourinary uye nervous system, vanachiremba vanopa miedzo ye biolevel muropa remashimoni eAdrenal cortex. Kuyera kwekurapa kunobatsira kuziva zvikonzero zvinokanganisa mumabasa ekugadzirisa nhengo mumatambudziko anotevera:
- manzwiro ekufunga;
- kuora mwoyo;
- mushure mekunetseka;
- kushushikana kwehope uye kusimba kwechigarire;
- kuchinja muzinga rehuga;
- kuzara kunorwadza;
- zviratidzo zvekukwegura kusati kwapera;
- oncology.
Kuderedza kuderedzwa kwehomoni mu adrenal cortex inowanzotarisana nemakemikari etiology dzakasiyana uye zvirwere zveganda. Nechimiro chemuviri wechikadzi kunopedza nguva isati yasvika pakuberekwa, chidzidzo chinoitwa pamwero we dehydroepiandrosterone. Kuwedzera kana kuderedza muwandu we cortisol uye aldosterone chiratidzo chehutachiona hukuru. Kusiyana kwekutsvaga kunogona kuitwa chete nemunhu anodzidza endocrinologist. Izvo hazvingavi zvisingashamisi kutarisa gynecologist.
Misimboti yekutanga yekutsvakurudza:
- Iro fence yevirous blood in murwere inopedzwa mangwanani.
- Zvinorambidzwa kudya nokunwa usati watanga nzira yacho.
Mutemo wekuvhara mahomoni eAdrenal cortex
Kubudirira kweimwe nhamba ye steroid inotungamirirwa nehutu hwepituitary uye hypothalamus. Adrenocorticotropic hormone inobata kuumbwa kwamahomoni neadrenal cortex. Kuwedzera kweglucocorticoids kunokonzera kuderera kwekugadzirwa kwe ACTH ne hypothalamus. Mukurapa, izvi zvakatumidzwa kuti "mhinduro." Zvepabonde mahomoni eAdrenal cortex (androgens) anoshandiswa pasi pesimba re ACTH uye LH (luteinizing hormone). Kuderedza kuchengetedzwa kunotungamirira kunonoka mukugadzirisa zvepabonde. Hemonal balance of the organism zvakananga zvichienderana nebasa rakanyatsogadziriswa:
- pituitary gland;
- the hypothalamus;
- cortex yegoutocrine chimiro.
Kugadzirira mahomoni eAdrenal cortex
Zvimwe zvirwere zvehutachiona kana zvinokonzera kupisa zvinokonzera hazvigone kurapwa pasina kushandiswa kwemishonga yehomoni. Chirongwa chepachipiri chinoratidzira basa ravo guru mukurapwa kwezvirwere zverheumatic, zvirwere uye zvinotapukira. Symthetic hormone ye adrenal cortex ndiyo muenzaniso wezvinhu zvechisikigo uye inorayirwa mune dzimwe nhamba sechirwere chekuita shanduko kana sechirwere chinopesana nezvinopisa.
Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa mune zvekurapa ndiyo mishonga inotevera:
- Prednisolone ;
- Hydrocortisone;
- Dexamethasone;
- Cortisone;
- Methylprednisolone;
- Deoxy cortex.
Iyo mishonga yemishonga inobereka michina yakasiyana-siyana yemishonga iyi kumunharaunda uye kushandiswa kwevakawanda. Kurapa kwenguva yakareba nemishonga yehomoni inowanzoshamisika uye chete mumamiriro ekuda zvakanyanya nekuda kwekukwanisa kuitika kwe "withdrawal syndrome" uye inotaura migumisiro yechirwere. Kubvumwa kwemishonga yakadaro kunoda kudzora kwakasimba kwevanyori vashoma vadzidzisi.