Kuita kwakadaro kunofadza se pear muchitsime kune vanotanga, zvinoda kudzidza vose varidzi veminda. Sezvo wakanyatsoziva izvi, iwe uchakwanisa kudzorera miti munguva pfupi, kuwedzera zvibereko zvavo, iwe uchakwanisa kuumba zvishamiso zvinoshamisa zvehuwandu kune vanozivana navo.
Inoculation ye pear mukati megore
Kakawanda, kunetseka kwomurimi, unhu unofarira muti wemhando yakasiyana haugoni kukura pakarepo pane zvauri kuita. Dzimwe nguva vatengesi vasina unyanzvi vanobvumira kutsvaga, vachidzvora nemaune masango kana michero mumisika nemichero isingafadzi. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvakasiyana-siyana zvinodiwa zvinotsvaira kana kuti zvinokura zvakanaka mumudzi. Kuvhara kwechirongwa chepari kunobatsira kubvisa matambudziko akaonekwa. Kuti uite izvi, muridzi webindu anofanira kutanga atanga teknolojia yekushanda uku, tsvaga mashoko ekubatanidza mavara akasiyana uye nehutano hwemhando.
Ndezvipi zvinangwa zvekudzivirira kwepari muchitsime kune vanotanga:
- Inokurumidza nzira yekuvandudza miti.
- Mukana wakanaka wevatangisi kuvandudza zvibereko zvebindu.
- Kuvandudza kusana kwechando chemaodzanyemba pear.
- Simbisa kushorwa kunopisa uye kusanaya kwemvura.
- Murimi anokwanisa kugovera muti wacho zvaunoda.
- Inobatsira kudzivisa simba rekukura.
- Kurumidza kuparadzira mukati megore kunakidza zvakasiyana-siyana, pasina kudyara mbeu itsva.
- Uyu ndiwo mukana wakaisvonaka wevatangisi kutora chirongwa chekugadzirisa mapepa nemaitiro asina kukodzera.
- Wana pane imwe mbeu michero yemhando dzakasiyana-siyana kamwechete.
Nguva yekupora mapepa mukati megore
Vane ruzivo varimi vekurima vakadzidza kugadzira chiitiko ichi, zvose pakutanga kwekudziya kwenguva, uye muzhizha. Zviri nani kushandisa mazuva ekupedzisira epirini, apo hupenyu hwehutano hwakakosha. Izvo zvakaoma kunyatsoratidzira zuva rezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekunze uye zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemamiriro ekunze. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti usatanga basa kusvikira kutyisa kwekudya kwechando, kubatanidzwa kunowanzofema kunowanzofa kubva kunotonhora. Nguva yakanakisisa yevanotanga minda inotanga nekutanga kwemafuta ekuyerera, asi isati yatanga kukura kana kutumbuka kunotanga.
Ndezvipi zvidheka zvandingafanira kutora kuti ndipinde mapeji?
Vanokumbira kukumbira vanodzidza kuti vanoda kukohwa zvinhu mwedzi yakawanda isati yaitwa chiitiko mumakore ekutanga egore rapfuura. Chikamu chiduku cheganda chinoenderana nehutachiwana hwakakodzera hweparari. Kana tsinde ikasarudzwa uye ikachengetwa zvisina kururama, ipapo nguva yose ichaenda kunoparadza. Pane dzakawanda zvakavanzika, maitiro ekusarudza, kuchengeta uye nekunyatsogadzirira mitsva yekudzivirira:
- Tinocheka cuttings nechinguva fruiting uye kubereka mapeari.
- Isu tinoshandisa iyo inoculation mukati megore gore rinoputika.
- Vatangi vemitemo vanofanira kuvhara mashoko pamusoro pechikamu chekunze uye chakanaka chekorona.
- Zvakanaka zvakakodzera kune scion wepakati nepakati.
- Zvakanaka maitiro e billet - yakareba kusvika masendimita makumi mana, mashizha anenge 7 mm, kupfura netsvo dzakasvibiswa muhuwandu hwemapande mashanu uye mazamu mashoma.
- Zviri nani kuchengetwa kusvika pamucheka wepakati nemucheka muduku (kusvika 2 cm) 2 wemakore huni.
- Vatangadzi vanorayirwa kuti vadzike mashoko ekubatanidza nemuganhu
- Zviri nani kuita chinhu chisina chakanaka mukuwa kune chishuwo chisina kunaka, asi mushure mekunyadzisa kweperesi.
- Nzvimbo ye scion - muchando, mumasango asina kugadziriswa, mumasitadhi, mune jecha rakanyorova.
Nzira dzokubatanidza peari
Icho chikuru chemhando yechinyakare yekubatanidza miti yegindu ndeyekubatanidza uye inoculation nesabata. Kuberekwa neziso kunonyanya kushandiswa munguva yezhizha - kubva pakati paJuly. Inoculation ye-cuttings ye peyari ne-cuttings in spring iri nyore kuita uye, nekuchengeta mitemo yakawanda, inopa migumisiro yakaisvonaka. Nzira yakanakisisa yekuita basa iri inosarudzwa zvichienderana nehupamhi hwematokari uye basa rinowanika.
Nzira dzekubatanidza mapeji muchitsime kune vanotanga:
- Kukurukura. Isu tinosarudza shanks yehutano hwakafanana pamwe chete. Iyo yakatemwa inowanikwa pamatavi maviri ose akaenzana nekona imwechete inenge 30 °. Isa bhanhire zvakasimba zvakasimbiswa nefirimu.
- Mu cleavage. Nzira yakanaka yevatangi vekuvandudza peari munguva yegore. Muchitsiko chemukati wakakosha, micheka yakawanda inogona kuiswa kamwechete. Iyo yakareba urefu hwe hemp inosvika 30 masentimita, kureba kwechokuita 5 cm.
- Half-cleaved. Misiyano kubva pamhuka yapfuura ndeyokuti kupatsanurwa mumatsiro kunoitwa kubva kune rumwe rutivi rwehemp pasi pekucheka kumwe.
- For the bark. Mumakwenzi ematanda, kusungirwa kumwe chete kunosvika 5 masentimita pakureba, apo kubatanidzwa kwakanyatsoratidzwa kunonyatsoiswa.
Muti upi unogona kudyarwa nepeari?
Kune vatangi vekutanga zvichava zvinonakidza kuti kupora kweperesi kunoitwa zvakanyatsobudirira pamhando dzakawanda dzezvirimwa zvemunda. Inofanira kurangarirwa kuti mbeu dzembeu chete yemiti dzakakonzerwa nekushanda uku. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana, sequince, dzinobudirira uye dzinowanzoshandiswa muminda minda yega yega neyemurimi, asi dzimwe nzira dzakawanda hadzina kushandiswa kumunda wekumhizha.
Chii chinogona kupora pear muchitsime chevatangi vekutanga:
- pamusango pear mbeu;
- rowan;
- apple;
- rongedza;
- hawthorn;
- quince;
- cotoneaster.
Inoculation ye pear muchitsime pamuti wemapuro
Idzi tsika dziri hama dzepedyo, saka, kana tichicherechedza mitemo yekudzivirira, kuponeswa kwehupenyu kunyange pakati pevadzivisi vevadzidzi vanowanzosvika 90%. Kuvhiringidza kwekubatanidza peari pamuti weapuro kunosanganisira kurambwa kwekubatanidzwa, izvo zvinoitika makore anoverengeka mushure mekusanganiswa nekuda kwekusagadzikana kusakwana. Vane ruzivo varimi vanogadzirisa dambudziko kuburikidza nekushandisa mukana wekuisa mukati kana kuti pfupi perevrivivki ichikura pamusoro pekukura kwekumera ichi pane imwe bazi. Kukura kwegore pamusoro pomusi weapuro, peariti inorambwa kashoma.
Inoculation ye peari pagomo ash
Iyo yepakutanga kuvharwa kwechirwere chepari pagomo ash kunobatsira uye inotyisa. Somugumisiro, semiti-midzi yemichero inowanikwa, iyo isingawani mvura kune ivhu rine mvura yakawanda munguva yechando yakanyunguduka. Zvibereko zvakanakisisa zvinopiwa nekushandiswa kwe redwooded mountain ash sezvinhu zvokushandisa, michero yakawanda-michero inova yakaipa uye iyo inofungidzirwa. Ngatitaurire zvimwe zvisingabatsiri zvekushandisa mountain ash kumudziro:
- Iko nguva shoma yenguva yehutambo yezvikamu zvakabatana.
- Kurasikirwa kwehuga muzvibereko.
- Kuwana mapeji neinonaka.
- Pears yakakura pamakomo ash, yakasiyana nyama yakaoma.
Ndinogona here kudyara pear pamba?
Kuedza kudyara peari pamapuramu hazvizobudiriri muvarimi vekutanga. Zvirimwa zvepaini pamiti yemichero yematombo hazviiti midzi, uye kana dzimwe nguva dzichipukunyuka uye dzichava dzegorosi, nokukurumidza ichafa. Vafambi vekuedza vanogona kufarira kushandiswa kwepamu sechitsva chepakutanga che cherry, cherry, apricot uye kunyange peach.
Ndinokwanisa kudyara peari pa quince?
Quince ibasa rinozivikanwa pamaparesi, asi kwete mhando dzose dzakakonzerwa nechinangwa ichi. Dzimwe nguva pane kuputika kwetuti, kukura kunokura kwenguva pfupi uye kunowanzoputsa. Nechikonzero chakanaka, unogona kuwana muti wakaderera, unozochengetedza nzvimbo panzvimbo. Kana muchechi ari kufarira kubatanidza peari mu quince, ipapo kune mukana wekuedza kugadzirisa dambudziko iri nekuisa chikamu chepakati pe pear.
Mimwe mapepa anowirirana ne quince:
- Bere Kiev;
- Cure;
- Taurian;
- Dessert;
- The Parisian;
- Platonovskaya;
- Smerichka;
- Bere Ardanton;
- Ilyinka;
- Lymonka.
Inopesana ne quince pears:
- Bere Bosk;
- Duchesse Angouleme;
- Dr. Lucius;
- Maliychanka;
- Berè Clercio;
- Decanter winter;
- Favorite Clapp;
- Rosie Red Bartlett;
- Charles Cogne.