Kukurukurirana chinhu chinokosha chekugadzirisa kubudirira kwevanhu munzanga. Kukurukurirana kwekutanga kunoitika mumhuri yevabereki, apo mwana anogamuchira kuongororwa kwake, maitiro ake nehama, anodzidza kuverenga manzwiro uye manzwiro - pamusana peizvi, nzira dzinoumbwa kuti zvive nehutano hwakanaka kana husingaiti nevanhu.
Chii chiri kubatana?
George G. Mead - Mutevedzeri wemasvomhu weAmerica uye mufilosofi akaisa pfungwa yekubatana mukati ma1960. Mead aitenda kuti munhu mumwe chete anzwisise mumwe, zvakakosha kunzwisisa zvaanoita, zviito zvaanoita. Kukurukurirana ndiko kubatana pakati pevanhu, kusanganisira kuwirirana pamwe panguva dzekubatana. Panguva yekubatana kunoitika:
- exchange of experience, opinions;
- kubudirira kwekunzwisisa kumwe;
- kuvaka chikwata chimwe chete chekugadzirira kana zano;
- kuzvitora pachavo (nzvimbo) (basa) romumwe wako (ona mamiriro kuburikidza nemeso eumwe);
- mukana wekubatana kwakakwana, kukakavara uye kukwikwidzana.
Kuwirirana mune zvemagariro evanhu
Kukurukurirana kwevanhu ndeyekubatana kwevanhu, vanoitwa pamakiriro (mhuri, shamwari, kushanda pamwe chete) uye huwandu hwemazana (hutano hwevanhu uye sangano sehuse) uye hunosanganisira kugovana kwezviratidzo, ruzivo, uye ruzivo rwakanaka. Chirevo chekubatana kwacho chiri muhutano pakati pevanhu uye chakavakirwa pamusana pehumwe humwe hunhu hwehurukuro imwe neimwe, mararamiro emitemo, zvinopesana zvinomuka panguva yekukurukurirana. Pitirim Sorokin (sociologist) akacherechedza pfungwa dzakawanda dzakasimba mukubatana kwevanhu:
- Nokutaurirana, vanhu vanenge 2 vanodiwa.
- Pakukurukurirana, kutarirwa kunobhadharwa kune zvose: zviratidzo, chiso, maitiro - izvi zvinobatsira kunzwa mumwe munhu ari nani.
- Mifungiro, manzwiro, maonero anofanirwa kutarisana nevatori vechikamu vose mukutaurirana.
Kuwirirana muPsychology
Muenzaniso wekutanga wekutaurirana nevanhu kuvanhu ndeyemhuri. Mumhuri, mumamiriro ezvinhu emubatanidzwa panguva yepabonde, "ini" yemwana ari kuitika. Unhu hunoumbwa kuburikidza nejeri rekufungidzira kwevamwe nevamwe uye maitiro ekuzvibata anouya mukupindura mabasa ayo. Kuwirirana mune zvepfungwa ndeye pfungwa inobva pamaonero aD.Mid uye nheyo yake ye "kubatana kwekufananidzira" kunobuda kubva muhutano hwekuzvibata. Nyanzvi yezvemagariro evanhu yakakosha kukosha kwekutsinhanisa zviratidzo (zviratidzo, maitiro, chiso chemaziso) pakati pemapati akabatana.
Mhando dzekubatana
Mukubatana kwemagariro evanhu, vanhu vari kutarisana kune mumwe uye kushandira kunobudirira kunofananidzira "zvakakosha" zveimwe sevanhu. Zvisingabatsiri - zvinyorwa zvose mukutaurirana zvinongororwa chete paari uye hazviedzi kuzvinzwisisa, kunzwa imwe. Kubatana pamwe chete nekubatsirana nekubatana kwakadaro hazvibviri. Mhando dzekubatanidza dzinogona kugoverwa maererano nerudzi rwemigumisiro: mazwi nemashoko.
Kutaura kwemashoko (kutaura) kunosanganisira nzira:
- Kutaura kwemasimba (matamu, inzwi rezwi, kutaura kwekutaura).
- Kudhinda, kuchinjana kwemashoko, chiitiko.
- Kugadzirisa kwemashoko akagamuchirwa (mutemo wemafungiro kana ukama, maonero).
Kutaura kwemashoko (kwete-mashoko) kunokonzerwa nechiratidzo chekukurukurirana - nekuswedera pedyo:
- Pose inoratidzwa nemumwe wake: kuvhurwa-kusununguka, kusununguka-kutenderera.
- Nzvimbo munzvimbo ndeyokutora ndima (ita zvinyorwa, zvinhu zvakakomberedza tafura) kana kushandisa zvishoma zvishoma.
- Kugadziriswa uye kuwirirana kwemuwaniki wekubatana muzviratidzo, chiso chemaziso, kumira kwemuviri.
Kutaurirana nekukurukurirana
Kukurukurirana semubatanidzwa ine dzidzo, kutonga, kuongorora mabasa nekubvumira vanhu kuronga mabasa avo pamwe chete nekuzadzika kwezvinangwa zvavo. Kukurukurirana kwakabatana zvikuru nekubatana, ndeimwe yezvikamu zvayo pamwe nekufunga (pfungwa) uye inotenderera kune nzira imwechete (mazwi, kwete mazwi) mukutaurirana. Kusiyanisa pakati pekukurukurirana nekubatana:
- A communicator haagoni kunge ari munhu chete, asiwo nhepfenyuro, chero zviratidzo zvemugwagwa (zviratidzo zvemugwagwa) zvebhuku.
- Chinangwa chokukurukurirana ndechokuendeswa kwemashoko, pasina kuwanika kuwanika mhinduro (manzwiro, pfungwa dzevamwe dzingasafungidzirwa)
Kutaurirana nekugadzirisa
Kuwirirana mukukurukurirana nguva dzose kunobatanidzwa kune mumwe nemumwe. Somugumisiro wekukurukurirana kwevanhu, munhu anochinja, anowedzerwa nekutaura. Kazhinji, mukugadzirisa kukurukurirana hakugone kuita pasina kushandiswa. Munyika yemazuva ano, nzira dzekunyengedza , sechiridzwa chekubatsira, dzinowanikwa mubhizinesi, mutengesi wavatengi. Kushandiswa, kusiyana nekusangana kunoratidza kuti:
- Kudzora kwakavanzika kwevanhu kupikisa kuda kwake (mazano, kutungamirirwa kwekutenda);
- kugovera mumwe munhu, mutauriri mune imwe nzvimbo (kutamba pamanzwiro ekutya, mhosva kana chido)
- kushandiswa kwekunyorera uye kubata kumeso mukutaura.