Nzira dzekudzidzisa dzinoputsa zvose zvedzidzo!
Vana vazhinji vanowana dzidzo yekondari, uye vasingazivi kuti "muchengeti weimba" chii, chirevo chekudzora, chidzidzo chinotyisa uye yunifomu yechikoro. Havasuruvara nekuda kwekusvika kwaSeptember 1 uye musafunga mazuva asati apera mazororo. Vana vakadaro vanoshanyira zvikoro zvekuedza zvinoshandisa dzidzo dzisiri dzemazinga. Kuwana ruzivo mumasangano akadaro kunofadza, nekuda kwekuti vanhu vanofara, vakagadzikana uye vanokanganisa vanobva kumucheche vanokura.
1. Dhiyabhorosi muchikoro cheAlp
Nzvimbo yezvidzidzo yakavhurwa muna 1972, muCanada, pamusana pekutanga kwevabereki vasina hanya nevabereki.
Pamusoro peAIPHA hapana mabasa ekuchikoro, makero, diaries, matetet uye kunyange mabhuku. Kudzidziswa hazviparadzanisi kubva muupenyu hwemwana, zvido zvake zvezuva nezuva, mitambo uye zvinokuvaraidza. Vana pachavo vanosarudza kuti vangapedza sei zuva kuchikoro, zvidzidzo zvitsva uye zvavanofanira kuita, uye basa revadzidzisi hazvifaniri kuvhiringidza navo uye kunyatsovatungamirira munzira yakarurama. Nokudaro, mapoka eAIPHA ane makore akasiyana, nokuti anoumbwa chete nezvido.
Kurwisana kwemamiriro ezvinhu muchikoro chema democracy kunogadziriswa nokukurumidza uye pakarepo. Nokuda kweizvi, vadzidzi, kusanganisira kukakavara, uye vadzidzisi vakawanda vanoungana. Panguva yekukurukurirana, nhengo dze "komiti" dzinotaura kunze, dzinofanirwa pfungwa dzekuona, dzichitungamirirwa nemitemo yekuremekedzana uye kuedza kuzviisa panzvimbo yeumwe munhu. Chigumisiro chacho ndechekugadzirisa mhinduro, munhu wose anofara.
ALPHA inewo misangano yemubereki isingawanzoitiki. Zvinotovapo zviripo uye vadzidzi. Vana vane kodzero, pamwe chete nevakuru, kuti vaite shanduko mumutauro wekudzidza, kupa zvitsva, zvinyorwa zvinonakidza uye mabasa.
2. Waddorfian system yaRudolf Steiner
Chikoro chekutanga chechimiro ichi chakazarurwa muna 1919 muguta reGermany rinonzi Stuttgart. Iye zvino Walldorf nzira iri kushandiswa munyika yose, uye zvinopfuura 3000 masangano ezvidzidzo anobudirira kubudirira pairi.
Ichokwadi cheStiner system ndiyo yekuwana ruzivo rwunofanana nehutano, hwemweya, hwepfungwa uye hwekunyaradza kwemwana. Vana havashandisi chero kushungurudzwa, saka mune imwe chikoro chechikoro hapana gadziriro yekuongorora, mabhuku, mabhuku uye mabhizimisi anovimbisa. Kubva pakutanga kwekudzidziswa, vana vanotanga diary yega yega iyo vanogona kunyora pasi kana kuongorora maitiro avo, ruzivo rutsva uye ruzivo zuva nezuva.
Pamwe chete nedzidzo dzakadzidziswa, vadzidzi vanobatsirwa kuona marudzi akasiyana-siyana eumhizha, zvishandiso zvemhizha, munda, mari uye kunyange huzivi hwepfungwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, nzira yezvekudzivirira maitiro inoshandiswa inobvumira vana kuisa hukama pakati pezvinhu uye zvinhu mumativi ese ehupenyu, kuti vawane kwete zvidzidzo chete asi hutano hunozovabatsira zvechokwadi mune ramangwana.
3. Alexander's Nill's system system at Summerhill
Yakatangwa muna 1921, chivako chakanga chiri pakutanga muGermany, asi makore matanhatu gare gare akatamira kuEngland (Suffolk). Summerhill Boarding Chikoro ndechekurota kwemwana chero upi zvake, nokuti pano havatambudzi kunyange kusavapo, kusataura mazwi asina kunaka pabhodhi uye mufambiro wakaipa. Ichokwadi, zvinhu zvakadaro zvinoitika kazhinji, nokuti vana vanofarira Summerhill.
Nheyo huru ye nzira yaAlexander Nill: "Rusununguko, kwete kubvumidza." Maererano nedzidziso yake, mwana anokurumidzira kunetseka nekusaziva, chido chekutanga chinoramba chichikunda. Uye urongwa hunoita chaizvo - vadzidzi vekuchikoro chekubhadhara vanotanga kunakidzwa ne "kubiridzira", asi ivo ivo pachavo vanonyora zvidzidzo zvinofadza kwavari uye vanodzidza nekushingaira. Sezvo zvose zvidzidzo zvisingabvumirane, vana vanotanga kupinda mune zvose zvakanyatsozivikanwa uye zvidzidzo zvevanhu.
Summerhill inotarisirwa nevashandi nevadzidzi. Katatu pavhiki, misangano yakawanda inobatwa, iyo munhu wose aripo ane kodzero yekuvhota. Iyi nzira inobatsira mwana kukudziridza pfungwa yekutarisira uye hutungamiri hunhu.
4. Nzira yekushandurana nenyika munyika yeSchool Mahogany School
Iyi nzvimbo inoshamisa yakazarura mikova yayo muna 2004 muU.SA.
Kusiyana nedzimwe chikoro chinoshandiswa, kupinda muMountain Mahogany iwe haufaniri kupedza nhaurirano kana imwe yedzidzo yekudzidzira. Iwe unogona kupinda muchikoro chekudzidzisa nenzira yakatendeseka zvikuru uye isingasaruri - kukunda lottery.
Purogiramu yekurovedza inobva pazvinhu zvitsva zvidzidzo zvehutano zvichiratidza kuti kubudirira kwekutora mafungiro kunoda kushingaira kwepfungwa uye kubuda kwakanaka kwemukati.
Izvi ndizvo zvinonzi Mountain Mahogany inopa - vana vanopiwa zvidzidzo zvakazara uye kubika makirasi, kusona, kushandura munda, kuveza uye mamwe marudzi ehutano hwemhuri. Mwana mumwe nomumwe anodzidza chimwe chinhu chitsva kuburikidza neruzivo rwake uye kugara achishamwaridzana nenyika yekunze, kutsvaka kubvumirana nayo.
Kuti aratidze kukosha kwezivo yakawanikwa uye unyanzvi, munda wakakura unorongeka muchikoro. Ikoko, vana vanokura miti yemichero, miriwo uye majiroji, ayo pamwe chete ari kukohwa uye kukohwa, anodyirwa chete nemiti yezvinhu zvakasikwa pakugadzirwa kwavo.
5. Chikwangwani cheHelen Parkhurst kuDalton School
Iyi nzira yekugadzirira inofungidzirwa seimwe yenzvimbo dzakanakisisa munyika (maererano nemagazini yeForbes). Chikoro che Dalton chakatangwa muNew York muna 1919, asi dzidzo yaro inogamuchirwa nedzimwe nzvimbo dzekudzidzisa kumativi ose.
Ihwo hunoshamisa hwemitiro weEllen Parkhurst ndeyezvibvumirano. Vadzidzi vanopinda chikoro, vachizvisarudzira voga kusarudza nyaya, uye kuti vangada kudzidza zvakadini. Uyezve, vana vanosarudza kufamba uye kuoma kwepurogiramu, mutoro unoda uye unhu hwekuverenga. Maererano nezvisarudzo zvakatorwa, mwana anoratidza chikwangwani cheumwe munhu, chinotsanangura kodzero uye zvinotarisirwa zvevamwe mapato, nguva yekupedza miongorori nekuongorora. Chibvumirano chine mazita ezvinyorwa zvinokurudzirwa, ruzivo rwekudzidza zvakanyanya nekufungisisa, kudzora mibvunzo.
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti muchechi ye Dalton kune vadzidzisi vakadaro. Vanoita sevadzidzisi, vadzidzisi, vadzidzisi vega uye vaongorori. Kutaura zvazviri, vana pachavo vanogamuchira ruzivo uye unyanzvi hwavanoda, uye vanhu vakuru havangovhiringidzi navo, uye kubatsira sezvinodiwa.