Kutanga mwana mwana akaberekwa pakati pemasvondo makumi maviri nemaviri uye makumi matatu ekuberekwa. Kurema kwaro kunosvika hafu kikilogiramu kusvika kune maviri nehafu hafu kilogram. Kune madhigirii mana ekutanga kusatidzira kwemwana, zvichienderana nehuwandu hwahwo pakuberekwa:
- Chikoro chekutanga: 2000-2500 g;
- wechipiri: 1500 - 2000 g;
- wechitatu: 1000-1500 g;
- yechina: kusvika 1000g.
Chiratidzo chinokosha mwedzi wekuzvimba, apo mwana akaberekwa. Kubvira panguva dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuzvimba, ari pamatanho akasiyana ekutambisa intrauterine.
Haisi chakavanzika chokuti mwana asati azvarwa asati agadzikana zvakanaka nemamiriro ezvinhu kunze, ayo, nenzira, anogona kuchinja zvikuru kukura kwayo kunze kwemuviri wemukadzi. Heino izvo zvinoratidzwa mu:
- Kazhinji, vana vasati vasvika vanoberekwa nebhugundy uye ganda rinopenya. Izvi, zvakare, zvinoratidza kuti mwana haana kuumba subcutaneous fat layer. Ava vana vanotarisa wrinkled "vatana" nekuti ganda ravo harina kunyatsogadzirwa. Asi izvi zvinopera.
- Mwana asati azvarwa anonetseka zvikuru. Mushure mekutanga kwemazuva maviri ehupenyu, anogona kuwedzera jaundice yemuviri, iyo inotangira vacheche inowanzotaurwa, uye nguva yakareba. Mukuwedzera, inogona kukanganisa masero europi.
- Zvikamu zvekugadzirwa kwevana vacheche ndezvokuti muviri wavo hauna kunyatsogadzirwa: midziyo uye nhengo dzomukati dzinoonekwa. Uye mapfupa epamberi haana kunyatsoumbwa, kusiyana nevana vakaberekwa "panguva pfupi". Nokudaro, musoro wakakura zvishoma muhukuru uye une maitiro akasiyana. Kuremekedza kunokurumidza uye kusina kukwana, iyo inogona kumisa chero ipi zvayo. Imwe mushure mekunge mwedzi nehafu mwana anotanga kuona mutoro pamisungo, uye kufema kunowanzoita uye kunogara kwakasimba.
- Kubudirira kwevana vasati vakura kunoda kunyatsoteerera mitemo uye nguva dzose kuongororwa. Havana kunyatsogadzira manzwiro ehurumende, saka mwana haana zvakawanda zvepenital reflexes (somuenzaniso, haagoni kumedza). Nokudaro, zvokudya zvayo zvinogadzirwa uchishandiswa mashandisi chaiwo. Vana vechidiki chechitatu nechina chekutanga kwekutengesa kunowanikwa kune ngozi dzakakosha. Somuenzaniso, maonero avo ari pasi pekutyisidzira.
Mwana asati asvika anoda mukaka waamai kuti awane hupenyu hwakakwana. Zvisinei, kune chipingamupinyi chikuru: pachigamba chino chekuita pamuviri, mukaka hauna kuonekwa. Saka, vanaamai vanopinda maitiro anokosha uye vanokurudzira kuumbwa kwemukaka. Sei mukaka waamai uchikosha? Kurongwa kwaro kwakasiyana uye kunokodzera mwana zvakanakisisa. Nokudaro, nokuda kwekusimbiswa kwevana vasati vasvika, zvinokosha zvikuru kunyanya mukaka wamai, kunyanya mumwedzi mitanhatu yeupenyu.
Kukura kwevana vasati vasvika pamwedzi
Kukura kwevana vasati vasvika kunowanikwa zvakakwana nemwedzi. Pano pane zviratidzo zvakagadziriswa izvo mwana anofanira kuzviita kuitira kuti arambe achirarama pasina zvinetso uye kukanganisa mumuviri. Zvikamu zvekukura kwevana vasati vasvika nemwedzi zvinogona kuwanika patafura yekukura kwevana vasati vasvika. Inoratidzwa pasi apa uye inoratidza zviratidzo zvakadaro zvekugadzirwa kwevana vasati vasvika sekukura kwayo nekukwirira kwayo, zvichienderana nemwedzi weupenyu, uyewo chiyero chekutanga.
| Age | Degree of prematurity | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IV (800-1000 g) | III (1001-1500 g) | II (1501-2000 g) | Ini (2001-2500 g) | |||||
| Kurema, g | Kureba, cm | Kurema, g | Kureba, cm | Kurema, g | Kureba, cm | Kurema, g | Kureba, cm | |
| 1 | 180 | 3.9 | 190 | 3.7 | 190 | 3.8 | 300 | 3.7 |
| 2 | 400 | 3.5 | 650 | 4 | 700-800 | 3.9 | 800 | 3.6 |
| 3 | 600-700 | 2.5 | 600-700 | 4.2 | 700-800 | 3.6 | 700-800 | 3.6 |
| 4 | 600 | 3.5 | 600-700 | 3.7 | 600-900 | 3.8 | 700-900 | 3.3 |
| 5 | 650 | 3.7 | 750 | 3.6 | 800 | 3.3 | 700 | 2.3 |
| 6th | 750 | 3.7 | 800 | 2.8 | 700 | 2.3 | 700 | 2 |
| 7th | 500 | 2.5 | 950 | 3 | 600 | 2.3 | 700 | 1.6 |
| 8th | 500 | 2.5 | 600 | 1.6 | 700 | 1.8 | 700 | 1.5 |
| 9th | 500 | 1.5 | 600 | 1.6 | 700 | 1.8 | 700 | 1.5 |
| 10 | 450 | 2.5 | 500 | 1.7 | 400 | 0.8 | 400 | 1.5 |
| 11th | 500 | 2.2 | 300 | 0.6 | 500 | 0.9 | 400 | 1.0 |
| 12th | 450 | 1.7 | 350 | 1.2 | 400 | 1.5 | 300 | 1.2 |
| 1 gore, kurema | ≈ 7080 | ≈ 8450 | ≈ 8650 | ≈ 9450 | ||||
Kana iwe ukacherechedza zvinhu zvose zvekugadzirisa vana vasati vasvika, kufambira mberi kwavo kusvikira pagore kuchapfuura maererano nemaitiro ehupenyu uye pasina zvinetso zvakakosha.
Iyo pfungwa yekugadzirwa kwevana vasati vasvika inobva kune vanachiremba uye mamiriro akakomberedza mwana. Sezvo asati aumba mafungiro, pamwe chete nehutachiona hwehutano, ndiyo basa rechiremba kugadzira mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro kuti kufambiswa kwezvikamu izvi zvose zvehupenyu kunoitika pasina kupindira uye zvinetso zvakakomba.