Ikopente inhengo yechinguvana iyo inobatanidza amai uye fetus. Inowanikwa mu mucous membrane yechibereko, kazhinji pamusvingo wayo kumashure, kunyange zvazvo nzvimbo yacho inogona kusiyana. Mushure mokuberekwa kwechecheche, mashizha epascenta mushure maro, mushure memaminitsi mashoma.
Kukosha kwepentecenta kwakaoma kuwedzera - kunomesa mwana, kunotumira oksijeni kwairi uye kunoratidza zvibereko zvekuita basa rinokosha. Pasina iyo, hazvibviri kufungidzira kuberekwa, nokuti inokosha inonyanya kukosha kumucheche. Tichadzidza zvishoma pamusoro peizvi maitiro uye mabasa eparcenta?
Maitiro eparcenta
Iyo placenta ine mavara mazhinji, saka chimiro chayo chinonzi inonzi chirevo chake chetenderera. Iko-inofungidzirwa yakatarwa necheriri. Saka, the placental histology kubva pamucheche kusvika kuna amai:
- amnion - inogadzira amniotic fluid uye inovabvisa;
- stroma - inogadzikana, inoshandiswa nemidziyo uye masero e-microphage - Kashchenko-Gofbaur;
- cytotrophoblast - masero anogadzira syncytia, secrete BAC;
- syncytiotrophoblast - snowshoeer symplast, inofukidza cytotrophoblast;
- maramba - azere neropa;
- trophoblast - inosara yose, inokura mumasvingo e-spiral arteries uye inodzivirira kukanganisa kwavo;
- fibrinoid - zvimwe zvinonzi Lantgans layer;
- decidua - endometrium ne glycogen-rich decylulus masero.
Nheyo dzemabasa epa placenta
Chimiro nemabasa eparcenta zvakabatana. Nhengo imwe neimwe yepentecenta inoita basa rakapiwa iyo, somugumisiro, muviri unoita mabasa akadaro anokosha:
- gesi exchange - oxygen inopinda mucheche, uye carbon dioxide inobviswa kubva kune iyo yakasiyana;
- chikafu - fetus inogamuchira kuburikidza ne placenta zvose zvinovaka muviri
pfuma. Zvinosuruvarisa, nicotine, doro uye mishonga yakawanda inopfuurawo inodzivirira kudzivirira uye inosvika kumwana. Iyo placenta inoshandiswawo kushandura michina ye fetus; - Kudzivirirwa kwemusununguko - iyo placenta inonoka masero emumunyo maamai, uyo, paanosvika pamucheche, aizomuona chinhu chekunze ndokuedza kumubvisa. Panguva imwecheteyo, placenta inotakura ma antibodies echikadzi kuitira kudzivirira fetus kubva kune hutachiona;
- iyo synthesis yehomoni - iyo placenta inobata basa reglanded endine, kugadzira mahomoni e hCG, prolactin, placental lactogen nezvimwe zvakadaro. Izvo zvakakosha pamusana pemazuva ose ekudzivirira pamuviri uye fetal kukura.