Gran Vía (Madrid)

• Kutaura: Gran Vía, 28013 Madrid, Spain

Zvichida, muguta rimwe nerimwe kune migwagwa inokosha, nzvimbo yepamusoro, nzira dzisina kufanana dzakadai seBindu Ring muMoscow, Wall Street muNew York, Silver Street muTokyo, muMadrid, "iyo nzira" yakafanana inonzi Via Gran Via, . Zvinofadza, kunyange makore 150 akapfuura kwaive kusekwa, uye nhasi - kuzvikudza kweguta rekare. Iyi haisi yemugwagwa mukuru, kwete nzvimbo yakakura, iyi ndiyo nzira iri pakati peguta, zvakanyatsobatanidza nzvimbo dze Royal Palace uye Prado Boulevard. Pakati pemugwagwa, kune rumwe rutivi kana kune rumwe rutivi, zvivako zvitsva uye kunyange nzvimbo dzakakwirira dzakakura nenzira dzakasiyana panguva dzakasiyana.

Historical Background

Pfungwa yekuvakwa kweGran Via Madrid yakasimuka muna 1862, guta panguva iyoyo rakasimwa zvisina kufanira, uye nechokure kubva kumadzimambo edzimba nematunhu vanhu vakaungana mumisasa uye kunyange matumba. Pakati pezana remakore rechina reXIX yakange isingakwanisi kuita basa guru rekuvakazve dzimba dzekugara dzinoverengeka, zvichiita kuti nzvimbo yakashata ive yakanaka. Asi makore makumi mana gare gare, meya weguta uye muFrance mubhangi Martin Albert Silver vakasayina chibvumirano chekutanga kwekuvaka zvakare. Kuvakwa kwakatanga nemuvhuro mukuru musi waApril 5, 1910.

Somugumisiro webasa racho, dzimba dzinopfuura 300 nemigwagwa ine gumi dzakaparadzwa, zvekuti Gran Via Street, mamita makumi matatu paupamhi uye 1315 mamita refu, yakaonekwa. Icho chiri pedyo nemugwagwa wakawanda wePaesa wakaderedzwa muchikamu nemamita anenge mana, nokuti iyi dzimba dzakawanda dzakasimbiswa nemadziro, dzakavakwa pasi pedenga rekutanga uye zvigadziro zvepasi zvine nheyo. Mimwe miti haina kutemwa, asi inoputirwa pedyo nemisha yavo. Izvo zvakasikwa, Gran Via yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu: mararamiro edzimba dzisiri dzekuberekwazve, zvino chiFrench chimiro uye chemazuva ano, uye chechitatu ndiAmerican rationalism. Paiva nenguva iyo imwe neimwe yemugwagwa yaiva nezita rayo, uye runyararo rwemigwagwa rwemugwagwa rwakadzoka munguva pfupi yapfuura.

Kunyatsogadzirwa kwakapedzwa muna 1952 chete; Mugwagwa mutsva unotangira kubva kumativi ose neAlkala Street uye unogara paPaza yeSpain .

Nzvimbo dzinofarira muGran Via Madrid

Nenzira yakawanda, mugwagwa unogona kufungidzirwa kuti yakagadziriswa encyclopedia, nokuti yakavakwa pamusoro pemakumi emakumi emakore, imwe neimwe yakaunza nzira yayo uye yakaratidza mumutauro uye kugadzirwa kwezvivakwa, iyo yakakurumbira kune iyo ndeyikuti:

1. Chivakwa chekutanga pamharadzano neAlkala Street ndiyo Metropolis building. Yakavakwa muna 1911 yekambani yeInishuwarenzi yepurojekiti inokosha kubva kuFarentsree hama. Chivako chekuvakwa kwakanaka kwema classic chakashongedzwa nedome, uye iye, zvakare, chifananidzo chokukunda kwaNicky. Kusvikira muna 1972, panzvimbo yazvo yakanga iri shiri Phoenix.
2. Pamberi pake ndiyo imba Nha. 1 Gran Vía - chivako cheGrassy , chakavakwa muna 1917 kune imwechete-zita guru rekushongedza kambani. Chivako chacho chakashongedzwa nemuchena mutsvuku. Parizvino, gorofa rokutanga rinotorwa nemuyu musamu wemaziso.
3. Nhamba isinganzwisisiki yegumi nembiri ndeyeimba yevatariri, zvisinei - kune tsika yekambani yeuto uye mauto. Pamberi pacho, paiva neCasino Militar , yemhando yechikwata chechikwata. Chivako chakavhurwa muna 1916 uye chakakurumbira nokuda kwepakati penhare.
4. Kutevera mushure megwagwa uchasangana neimwe yezvivako zvekare kare mumugwagwa - chechi yeKaturike yezana remakore rechi16 Oratorio del Caballero de Gracia (Oratorio del Caballero de Gracia). Muna 1795, kereke yakavakwa zvakare nemari kubva kuRoyt rokutanga.
5. Nha. 21 ndeyomuChic Hotel Senator . Ihotera yacho inopiwa chimiro chenyeredzi ina, muchivanze chiduku chehotera yakavakwa nefambisi inokusimudzira padenga nedhava uye chic chioni chekupedzisira.
6. Kurwisana nehotera ndiyo yekutanga yeEurope skyscraper Telefonica , yakasimuka muna 1930, imba nhamba 28, kutanga kwechipiri chikamu cheGran Via. Iyo yakareba mamita makumi mana, iyo yakamupa makore anoverengeka chimiro chechivako chakareba kwazvo muEurope. Nguva yekushongedza yakaonekwa muna 1967 chete, uye makore mashoma akapfuura vakashongedzwa nekujekesa. Nekuvakwa kwemafoni, muumbi weAmerica akabudiswa zvakananga.
7. Zvishoma nezvishoma kune rumwe rutivi rwerwendo mumugwagwa Gran Via, imba 35, yakavakwa iyo inonzi imba huru yemimhanzi - Palacio de la Música . Imwe nguva yaive yeimba yema cinema uye nhandare yemakonti, asi muna 2007 yakavharwa kuvakazve, uye gare gare yakarongwa kubhadhara nzvimbo dzose.
8. Imwe imba inonakidza mumugwagwa Gran Via - kumusoro-kukwira Los Sótanos ; ine makamuri akawanda panguva imwechete: Nha. 53, 55, 57 uye 59. Yakavakwa pakati pemakore ekuma1940, chikamu chimwe chakatorwa pasi pehotera yeChic "Emperor", imwewo - Teatro Lope ye Vega, ikozvino inozivikanwa muEurope yose nokuda kwezvibereko zvayo .
9. Nekufamba mumugwagwa ikozvino munharaunda yevatengesi veCallao (Plaza del Callao). Muzvivako panzvimbo yekona pane zvakawanda zvezvitoro, iyi inzvimbo inofarira yekutengesa. Mukuwedzera, unogona kusangana nevatengesi vanotaura mutauro weRussia, iyo yakanaka chaizvo.
10. Paguta reCallao mune zvivako zvitatu zvinokosha: Cine Callao (guru cinema complex), Capitol uye Palacio de la Prensa (Press Palace). Capitol inzvimbo yekutengesa, hotera uye cinema, imba inovakwa muGermany Art Deco style, chikamu chayo chakacheka chinoshongedzwa nekakorona korona turret. Nzvimbo yekudhinda yakapiwa nhamba 46 yeimba yacho, yakavakwa uye yakasunungurwa zvakajeka muna 1930 nehurongwa hweMadrid Press Association. Ihofisi yemahofisi ane mazamu akanaka aiva nevaparidzi panguva dzakasiyana, gorofa rokutanga raive rakachengeterwa cinema.
11. Mhedziso ye boulevard ndiyo Plaza yeSpain , inowanikwa nekambani yezvikwereti zviviri: kuMadrid kumusoro-kukwira (142 mamita yakakwirira yekugara) uye TV Tower Spain (Torrespaña). Pakati pekona pedo negomba iyi inonakidza yebhaibheri chekumusoro kune vanhu vakuru veCervantes .

Uye ichi ndicho chikamu chezvivako zvekare. Panzvimbo yeGran Ikoko kune mahotera akawanda anozivikanwa, mabhizimisi, mabhairi uye mitsuwa. Kune nguva dzose izere nevatashanyi vanofamba uye vemaguta. Zuva remakore zana remakore mumugwagwa muna 2010 rakapembererwa nehupamhi hwakawanda, kusanganisira paGran Via yayo yakaiswa mararamiro ayo emhangura.

Nzira yekuenda seiko?

Iwe unogona kusvika mumugwagwa unozivikanwa nekutakura vanhu :

• pane metro ine mitsara L1, L2, L3, L5 uye L10 zvichienderana nekutungamirirwa kwako kune zviteshi: Santo Domingo, Callao, Gran Via;
• nebhasi nhamba 1, 2, 3, 44, 46, 74, 133, 146, 148 uye 202.