Chirwere cheRyme - mitemo yekubudirira kurapwa

Chirwere cheLyme ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinowanzobatwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona hunoparadzirwa nemakiti. Mhosva dzehutachiona dzinowanzonyorwa munyika dzakawanda dzeAsia neEurope, kusanganisira yedu, uye chikamu chekuremara nekufa kunokonzerwa nechirwere ichi hachisi chiduku.

Chirwere cheRyme chii kuvanhu?

Dambudziko rekurwara, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kune imwe tsanga kuruma - borreliosis. Inonziwo chirwere cheLyme, chekutanga chakanyoreswa uye chakatsanangurwa makore anopfuura 40 akapfuura muU.SA muguta reLaim. Zvadaro varwere vazhinji vakaonekwa kuti vane "juvenile rheumatoid arthritis", uye mushure mokunge zviongororwo zvidzidzo zvakaitwa masayendisiti akabatanidza kuwirirana kwechirwere ichi nekwenya kuruma.

Shingai borreliosis inoratidzirwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona hwetachiona nehutachiona hwepathogenesis, dzakawanda dzacho dzakasarudzwa sezvirwere zvinodzivirira, uye zviratidzo zvakawanda zvinorondedzerwa se syndromes etiology isiri pachena. Kana uine utachiona, ganda rinokanganisa, musculoskeletal system, iyo inonzi central nervous system, yemwoyo yemavhu.

Chirwere cheLyme chinonzi causative agent

Ita kuti borreliosis (chirwere cheLyme) chinokonzerwa nemakorikoromu emutauro weBerrelia (kuraira spirochetes). Izvi ndezvenguva refu, mabhakitiriya mashomanana emhando yechinyakare, achigadzirisa, kunyanya muhupenyu hweixodic mites, mumatumbo ayo kubereka kwezvirwere izvi zvinowanikwa. Zvirwere zvepachigoni zvinowanikwawo mumatumbu emuviri wemombe, makurukiti, shiri, imbwa nemamwe mhuka.

Mitikiti - iyo nzvimbo yakakura yehutachiona, kubva kwavari kakawanda, vanhu vanotapukirwa. Mabhakitiriya ane mashanga uye saliva anokonzerwa neikiti ichibuda, borreliosis inogona kukura kunyange kana chirwere chinotapukirwa chichirumwa, uye kana zviri mukati mechimbuva chacho zvinopinda nepakati pemagetsi anogadzikana kana achipwanya mishonga. Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti mukana wezvirwere unobva pauwandu hwebhakitiriya hwakapinda.

Iwe unogona "kutora" nharaunda musango, masango park, mafuro, nezvimwewo. Izvi zvipembenene zvekutsvaga ropa zvinowanzomirira "munhu akatambudzwa", achiomerera kune rimwe girasi remiti, shrub, pakureba kwepamusoro pe 1.5 m kubva pasi. Kazhinji vanowira muimba nemhuka dzemhuka, vachiomatira kumvere dzavo. Chirwere chepamusoro chinobva munaMay kusvika kuSeptember, apo zvipembenene izvi zvine chikamu chinoshanda.

Chirwere cheLyme - chikwata

Chirwere cheLyme (borreliosis) uye chinowanzoita kukura chinopinda nhanho nhatu:

• Nhanho I - munzvimbo inotapukira-inoputika uye inokonzera chirwere, apo mabhakitiriya mushure mekutswa kwezvipembenene kupinda mukati meganda reganda;
• Chikamu II - kuparadzirwa (mushure mevhiki dzinoverengeka, mwedzi) - kupararira kwehutachiwana kuburikidza neropa uye kuburikidza neropa lymph kubva panzvimbo yekusumo kune nhengo dzomukati dzakasiyana-siyana, lymph nodes, joints;
• EII chiitiko - kushivirira (mumwedzi 1-12 mushure mekuguma kwechikamu chechipiri) - nehutachiona kwenguva yakareba mumuviri, mavhopu europi anobatanidzwa mukuvhiringidza, chirwere chikuru chechimwe chezvikamu chinogona kuonekwa.

Borreliosis Symptoms

Nguva yekudzivirira nguva yakawanda inowanikwa mazuva manomwe, dzimwe nguva zvishoma kana kupfuura (kusvika mazuva makumi matatu). Apo chirwere cheRyme chinokura, zviratidzo pakutanga kwekutanga hazviiti nguva dzose zvinotyisa munhu uye zvinomanikidzwa kuenda kunechiremba, vazhinji vanozvitora kuti zviratidze zvirwere zvekutsvaira, chirwere. Mukuwedzera, havasi varwere vose vanoyeuka kereke inoyamwa chiitiko, dzimwe nguva inoenda isingaoneki.

Zviratidzo zveBrereliosis mushure mekukohwa chirwere

Chiedza chinopenya zvikuru, chinoteverwa nechirwere cheRyme mushure mekukwezva kwechirwere munyaya ye erythematous form (mu 70% yezviitiko) kuonekwa panzvimbo yepachiona yekombodhi kana yevhiri reddening zone, zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzera nekuzvidzivirira kune zvisingagadziriswa mishonga ine ruvara rwakatsvuka. Urefu hwebvu tsvuku inogona kuenzana kubva pamasere kusvika pamakumi matanhatu, izvo zvisingabvi pakuoma kwechirwere. Pakati pe erythema yakabatanidzwa, zvishoma kana yakachena kana bluish. Mune nzvimbo yakatsvuka, kusuruvara, unyoro, kupera kwekunzwa kweganda kunogona kunzwika.

Zvimwe zviratidzo zve borreliosis muzvikamu zvekutanga zvinogona kusanganisira:

• yakakura muviri wechando (kusvika ku39-40 ° C);
• kushaya simba;
• kuneta;
• kuoma kwemitsipa yemutsipa;
• nausea;
• kurutsa;
• Kutambudzwa mumutsipa;
• bit rhinitis;
• headache;
• kuputika kwemukoko mucosa;
• chikafu pachiso;
• kurwadziwa muropa.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zviratidzo izvi zviripo kunze kwekuonekwa kwehutsvuku kuzere nzvimbo yekuruma. Mushure memavhiki mashomanana, uku kuratidzika kunowedzera simba kana kupera, kunyange kana chirwere chisina kutorwa. Dzimwe nguva kuzvidzora kwekuzvinyima kunokonzerwa. Kana zvisina kudaro, chirwere ichi chinopfuurira, chinopinda muchigarire chisingagumi kana kuti chimiro chakazara chinosanganisira dzimwe nhengo kana maitiro. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yehutachiona:

1. Kana zvikakundwa ne musculoskeletal system:

• kurwadziwa muzvikamu zvezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemuviri;
• change gait;
• kugadziriswa kwemafambiro muzvikamu.

2. Mukana wekurwadziwa kwemwoyo:

• kuwedzera kwenhamba yemwoyo;
• kusuruvara kwepemuviri panguva yekurovedza nekuzorora;
• kurwadziwa kunorwadza mumoyo .

3. Pakati penheyo yenheyo yakagadziriswa:

• kunyoresa kwekutenderera kwakasununguka;
• kuwedzera kuwedzerwa kana kuora mwoyo;
• kukanganwa kwepfungwa, kunyanya kutarisirwa;
• kurara kunetseka;
• kuora mitezo kwehutano hwepiso ;
• kukunda kwe oculomotor, kuongorora, optic nerve.

4. Kana uropi hwaparadzwa:

• kuputika musoro ;
• chizoro;
• nausea;
• kurutsa;
• photophobia;
• kuderera kwekunzwa, nezvimwewo.

Mukuwedzera, kuoma kwechipatara zviratidzo zvechirwere cheLyme zvinogona kusanganisira kuumbwa kwebeniniti yeganda lymphocytoma - bundu rimwe chete kana kupindira kana kuparadzirwa. Kazhinji izvi zvakagadzirwa, zvinorwadza uye kuva nemucheka mutsvuku wakajeka, zvinowanikwa panzeve, mazamu uye maruva emakumbo emakumbo, chiso, marudzi.

Chirwere cheLyme - kuongororwa

Isa kereke borreliosis, zviratidzo zvayo zvakasiyana mukunyora mapurogiramu, hazviwanikwe nyore nyore, kunyanya mumatanho ekupedzisira. Ichokwadi kuti chirwere chinogona kuvhiringidzika chinogona kugadziriswa chete munyaya yekudanwa kwe-erythematous manifestation mushure mekukwezva-kuruma, iyo ndiyo chiratidzo chikuru chechirwere. Zvadaro hapana chikonzero chekuongorora ma laboratory.

Kuti uone kana chirwere chechirwere chinotapukira, mushure mokubviswa kubva paganda zvinogona kutorwa ku laboratori yekuongorora. Kuti uite izvi, chirwere ichi chinowanikwa mujira regirazi pasi pevheiri, apo iwe unofanira kutanga uisa chigamba chemakushe ekamba yakanyorova mumvura. Zvinonzwisisika kuita izvi, kana pasina kupfuura zuva rakapfuura kubvira kereke yacho yabviswa, tsvina iyi iri mhenyu uye yakakwana.

Kuongorora kwe borreliosis

Chirwere cheLyme muzvikamu zvechipiri uye chechitatu chinogona kuongororwa nekutsanangurwa kwakajeka kweropa remhepo, umo mune imwe muho ine bholo re borreliosis. Pakutanga rekutanga, hazvisi nyore kuona mabhakitiriya mu laboratori. Kuyera ropa kwe borreliosis kunogona kuitwa maererano nenzira dzinotevera:

• polymerase chain reaction - kuona zvikamu zveDNA kana RNA yepathogen;
• enzyme immunoassay - kuonekwa kwezvirwere zvekirasi IgM uye IgG;
• indirect fluorescence reaction - serological analysis ne pre-treatment of the material with labeled antibodies.

Itikiti-borne borreliosis - kurapa

Kana borreliosis ichionekwa, kurapwa, kutanga, ndiko kutora antibiotics, iyo Borrelia inofunga. Varwere vane chirwere chakakomba uye zvine mwero zvakanyanya vanochengetwa muzvipatara, uye nokuda kwezviitiko zviduku, kurapwa kunoitwa pamusana pepatienthe. Kushandisa mishonga yekurapa, kuwedzera pakubvisa zvirwere, kunofanirwa kufungisisa makiriniki, kuratidza kuti mapoka aya emishonga anokwanisa kurongedzerwa sei:

• kwete-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (indomethacin, naproxen);
• analgesics (Baralgin, Maxigana);
• glucocorticosteroids (Prednisolone);
• mishonga yemwoyo (Cavinton, Trental);
• antihistamines (Claritin, Suprastin);
• antioxidants (Solcoseryl, Actovegin);
• zvinoreva kuvandudza neuromuscular conduction (Prozerin, Oksazil);
• diuretics (Furosemide);
• detoxification products (Atoxil, Albumin), nezvimwewo.

Kwete-maitiro emasvomisitiri anofanirwawo kuti:

• kunwa doro;
• Physiotherapeutic nzira (phonophoresis, UV irradiation, magnetotherapy);
• hydrotherapy;
• massage;
• therapeutic gymnastics.

Borreliosis - kurapa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya

Nzira yekurapa chirwere cheLyme nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, maererano nechirongwa chekuvatora, pamwero wei, kwenguva yakareba, inotarirwa nechigarire chechirwere uye zviratidzo zvakanyanya. Kazhinji, kurapwa kwechirwere cheLyme kunoda mavhiki 2-4, uye mishonga yakadaro inogona kurongerwa:

• Tetracycline, Amoxicillin, Doxycycline, Azithromycin - pamusana wechipfupa chechirwere uye nezviratidzo zveganda;
• Doxycycline, Ceftriaxone, Benzylpenicillin, Levomycetin - ine zviratidzo zveuropiki;
• Ceftriaxone, Penicillin G, Doxycycline, Amoxicillin - ane zvirwere zvemwoyo uye kuwirirana pamwe chete.

Chirwere cheLyme - migumisiro

Kana kusina nguva yakakodzera yakarapwa, zvinokonzerwa ne borreliosis zvinogona kunge zvinotevera:

• kuchinja kwekushanda pamwe chete;
• kuparara;
• kushungurudzwa kwemyocardium;
• kurasikirwa kwekunzwa, kuona;
• mamota panzvimbo yekurumwa;
• dementia, nezvimwewo.

Kudzivirira kwe borreliosis

Kusvika iye zvino, chirwere cheLyme hachigoni kudziviswa kuburikidza nekupora. Nokudaro, kudzivirira chirwere cheLyme kunoitwa nekudzikisa ngozi yekutengesa pamuviri, iyo inosimbiswa ne:

• kupfeka zvipfeko zvitsvuku zvinoputika muviri sezvinokwanisa, paunopinda muchimiro;
• achishandura zvipembenene kudzokorora zvikwangwani;
• nguva nenguva kuongorora zvipfeko nemuviri wekuvapo kwemakiti.

Borreliosis - post-bite prophylaxis

Kuti chirwere chinonzi borreliosis hachina kukura mushure mokunge chirwere chinoruma, chinofanira kuva:

1. Bvisa zvinyoronyoro kanyoro , gadzira kuruma ne iodine solution;
2. Tsvaga mazano ekurapa;
3. Maererano nechirongwa chechiremba, kwete mushure mezuva rechishanu mushure mekurumwa, chirwere chinorwisa mishonga inouraya chirwere chinofanira kuitwa (kazhinji kuburikidza neDixycycline kana Ceftriaxone).

Nzira yekubvisa kano rakanaka sei, unogona kuona vhidhiyo: