Munhu wepfungwa ndeyekunzwisisika mune zvakasikwa. Chii chinonzi schizophrenia - chirwere kana pfungwa yakasiyana yenyika kunze, yakasiyana nekufunga, maonero evanhu vakawanda - hapana kubvumirana pakati pepfungwa dzepfungwa. Iko yehutano hwevanhu pakati pevanhu, pasinei nemagariro evanhu, zvinhu zvakasikwa, nguva dzose inogara iripo - 1%.
Schizophrenia - chii ichocho?
Mukushandura kubva kare yechiGiriki schizophrenia zvinoreva shiso - kuparadzana, frenio mweya. Schizophrenia chirwere chepfungwa chinoratidzirwa nekurasikirwa kwehumwe hwemabasa ekufunga (kufungidzira, manzwiro, maonero) nehupenyu hwavo hwekuvhiringidza uye hunonoka nekukurumidza. Zvinetso zvepfungwa zvepfungwa iri muchirwere zvinoratidzirwa mukusava nemanzwiro, kufungidzirwa. Kuongororwa kwe schizophrenia munharaunda yepasi rose yeCI-10 ine code F 20.
Schizophrenia - zvinokonzera
Zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvechirwere hazvipi mhinduro isinganzwisisi kumubvunzo wekwakabva iyi psychopathology. Nyanzvi, izvo zvinokonzera schizophrenia, zvakafananidzwa zvikamu zvitatu:
- Zvikonzero zvezvakaberekwa : maitiro ezvinyorwa, kushandiswa naamai panguva yekuzvitakura kwepfungwa zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona, kutapurirwa panguva yekuzvitakura, zvirwere zvehutachiona / bhakitiriya (herpes, rubella, toxoplasmosis), autoimmune theory, neurobiological - kutadza kushandiswa kwe "hormone of happiness" serotonin.
- Mafungiro ezvepfungwa : pfungwa yeArchaic inoshingaira uye inoratidzwa mukusaziva kwekutonga, "mharidzo mbiri" - "usareva nhema!", Nepo vabereki pachavo vachigara vachinyengedza, "Ndinokuda zvikuru" - mwana wacho ane shungu "yekutonhora" mumusoro. Kuwedzera kwemashoko kunotungamirira kune zvinetso zvakakomba: iyo existential theory - yenyika yomukati yomunhu inogutsikana naye, mamwe maitiro ekuona kwepasi akarambwa.
- Zvemagariro : mumaguta chikamu che schizophrenia chakakwirira kupfuura mumisha, utsinye mumhuri; kukanganiswa kunokonzera kushungurudzika, kukanganisika mupfungwa mupfungwa .
Schizophrenia inotora nhaka here?
Mazana emakore apfuura apfuura kwakanga kusina ruzivo rwemagetsi, vanhu vakaedza kugara kure nemhuri dzine "mapenzi" hama - iyi yaiva rudzi rwechiratidzo chekutadza. Mazuva ano, vechidiki vanoona zvakanyanya pamusoro pehukama vanoedza kutsvaga vadikani vavo vasati vazvisunga ivo nevakaroorana, asi zvinoitikawo kuti inosvika apo mukadzi ane pamuviri, kana pane mukana wekuti schizophrenia ichagara nhaka yemwana, munyaya iyi inokosha Kubatana kweGenetic. Nhamba dzepasi pose dzinopa zvikamu zvehutano hwehutano:
- schizophrenia vanotambura amai, baba, mbuya, sekuru - 46%;
- zvakafanana mapatya - kusvika ku50%, raznoyaytsevye twins (kana mumwe wevabereki ari kurwara) - 18%;
- anorwara kune imwe nhengo yemhuri yezvizvarwa zviviri - 12%;
- vanin'ina - 6%;
- kutsamwa mune imwe yevabereki, kana kuna mbuya, sekuru-5%;
- vazukuru - 2%;
- kunze kwe "hutsika" hupenyu - 1%.
Zviratidzo zveSchizophrenia
Chii chinonzi schizophrenia mukuratidzwa kwezviratidzo uye kuti ungafungidzira sei chirwere. Zviratidzo zvekutanga zvechichichiphrenia zvinowanzoitika kakawanda munguva kubva pamakore 14-25, asi zvinogona kuzviratidza pachavo muhucheche uye nguva yakakura. Masayendisiti anorondedzera zviratidzo zvekutanga zvinofanirwa:
- kuzviparadzanisa (kubvisa muzviitiko zvega);
- kushamwaridzana kwemanzwiro - "rudo / ruvengo";
- kuderera kwechishuvo che "chirema chisingaperi" - munhu pasina chikonzero anoramba kupinda chikoro, basa, akarasikirwa nezvose zvaaisada kuda;
- kukanganisa kusagadzikana - kusagadzikana kupindura kune zviitiko: kuseka, kudzidza nezvechiitiko chinotyisa uye kuchema mukupindura kune vanofara;
- mafungiro ezvakaitika - kutya kwekutya, kutya kusinganzwisisiki.
Zviratidzo zveSchizophrenia muvakadzi - maitiro
Kutanga kwechirwere ichi muvakadzi kunowira pamakore makumi maviri kusvika kumakumi maviri nemashanu, kunogona kutsamwisa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana: kushungurudza kwenguva refu kwenguva refu, neurotic pfungwa, schizoid character accentuation, postpartum depression . Zviratidzo zveSchizophrenia kuvakadzi:
- maitiro - kune tsika dzisina maturo. Pane hutano, kusagadzikana, utsinye
- kutya kunotyisa uye kusafungira, kuumba zviratidzo zvezvirwere zvisipo;
- manzwiro anooma;
- chiso chisina kunaka, monotone mechanistic timbre yezwi;
- mukushandiswa kwemashoko enhema;
- vagrancy;
- kuonekwa kusina kuchena: anofuka zvipfeko zvakafanana, anorega kuchengeta hutsanana hwake, haasi kusunga vhudzi rake;
- anozvidza mabasa ake maererano nevana, murume wake.
Zviratidzo zveSchizophrenia muvarume - maitiro
Bell yekutanga yekufunganya kwechirwere ichi inowanikwa kune varume muzera rekare kupfuura vakadzi, pazera remakore 18 kusvika ku29. Zviratidzo zve schizophrenia muvarume zvakangofanana, asi nezvimwe zvinopesana munguva yechirwere ichi:
- autistic uye introverted zvakanyanya kutaurwa;
- mararamiro anoshanda echirwere anogara kwenguva refu;
- pronounced resonance (wisecracking);
- anenge asingagoni kuporeswa.
Mhando dze schizophrenia
Chii chinonzi schizophrenia mune zvakasiyana-siyana? Chifananidzo chechiratidzo chechirwere chinoenderana nemhando yehutano. Masayendisiti anotsanangura maitiro akasiyana-siyana emakiriniki uye ma subspecies. Makirasiki evanhu schizophrenia. Schizophrenia iri nyore iri fomu inoramba ichiyerera (inononoka):
- manzwiro okusagadzikana;
- hypovolemia;
- utsinye;
- resonance;
- kupatsanurwa kwepfungwa;
- autism.
Yenyukireya iripo yemaitiro schizophrenia ( nyore , kutanga kwema dementia):
- kusuruvara kwepfungwa;
- nyore mazano;
- pseudo headache ne "zvisingawanzo" zviratidzo ("hainzwi chikamu chepfungwa chepfungwa").
Paranoid schizophrenia (hallucinatory-paranoid):
- echokwadi uye pseudo-hallucinations muzvikamu zvekutanga zvechirwere;
- pfungwa dzisinganzwisisiki (delirium ye godo, kutambudzwa);
- kuwedzera autism;
- kutya kusinganzwisisiki;
- manzwiro emashoko muchimiro chekukurukurirana / monologue;
- mune zvakaipa (kutanga mumakore ekuyaruka) delirium inova inoshamisa (kudengenyeka kwekuberekwazve).
Catatonic schizophrenia ine zvikamu zviviri:
- Catatonic stupor - kufungira mune imwe nzvimbo, waxy flexibility. Kana musoro wemunhu ukasimudzwa pamusoro pemuseve, anogona kuchengetedza nzvimbo iyi kwenguva yakareba. Murwere anogara kwemaawa achicherechedza pane imwe pfungwa, mumafungiro anotora mifananidzo, apo ari gamba rakanaka.
- Kubvumira katikoni (motokari, kutaura). Varwere vane utsinye, pakarepo vanokwira uye vanomhanya. Zvakajairika zvinonakidza mazano.
Gebefrenic schizophrenia (kutanga mumakore ekuyaruka):
- upenzi uye kuseka kusina maturo;
- kusazvibata;
- kuwedzera kwezviratidzo zvakaipa;
- kuparadzaniswa kwakakurumidza kweunhu nekunetseka kwekufunga.
Sluzzy schizophrenia ( schizotypal disorder ) sechirwere ichi hachisi muchigadzirwa, asi chinoramba chichishandiswa nevechirwere chepfungwa dzeRussia, kuongororwa kwakaoma nekusavapo kwezviratidzo zvinowanzoitika. Chii chinosvibisa schizophrenia muzviratidzo ndeichi:
- eccentricity;
- kuzvidzora nenzira yekupfeka, kunyengera kwekutaura;
- "Mashiripiti" kuona kwepasi;
- kuchinja mukufunga kwakanyanya.
Shuboobraznaya schizophrenia (paroxysmal-progredient fomu) - ine mavara matatu echirwere ane zviratidzo zvinoratidza:
- Kuipa - kutanga kwekutanga (makore 10-12). Mafungiro emapfungwa asati apera gore, kupindira kusina basa, pakupedzisira kunonyangarika. Chirwere chinogara chiripo chinopfuurira.
- Chimiro chekufananidzira ndiko kubhabhatidza zvishoma nezvishoma unhu huri mauri. Paranoid pfungwa: vanhu vanotanga kukonzera kukanganisa. Deliriamu wekutambudzwa.
- Schizophrenia jasi-sechimiro - yakafanana neine usimbe. Zviratidzo: mania, dambudziko rinotaura .
Ko schizophrenia inobatwa kana kwete?
Kuongororwa kwe "schizophrenia" kunoitwa pashure pokunyatsoongorora, kutarisa kwemurwere. Dambudziko kusvikira kumugumo hakusi kurapwa, 20-25% yakaremara, ine maitiro akaoma ekudengenyeka, 80% yemhosva inogona kuregererwa kusingaperi, hupenyu huri munharaunda. Nzira iri nyore ye schizophrenia yakanyanya kuoma kurapa nekuda kwekuvhiringidza kwedzidzo, nhasi haisi nyore.
Kurapa kwechichichiphrenia
Nzira yekurapa schizophrenia, vezvepfungwa vanobvunzwa mubvunzo uyu munyaya imwe neimwe yechirwere. Kubudirira kwekurapa kunobva pane zvikamu zvakawanda:
- drug therapy;
- chimiro chemetabolism muuropi maviri (ECT, insulin-shock therapy);
- psychotherapy (munhu oga, mapoka eboka, kuziva-maitiro ekurapa);
- kudzivirira - kushandisa kushandiswa kwemishonga kunobatsira kudzivisa kudzokerazve;
- kutsigira kwehama.
Vanhu, vanotarisana nechirwere muhama dzavo, vari kushamisika kuti vangaita sei nemurwere schizophrenic, vanachiremba vanokurudzira:
- Kupa zvinhu zvakanaka, zvakachengeteka.
- Kubvuma uye kunzwisisa.
- Kudzora kwokuteerera mishonga.
Kugadzirira kurapa schizophrenia
Mishonga yekurapa zvinodhaka zvinosanganisira injections uye mapiritsi kubva kuchichichiphrenia. Zvichienderana nekuoma kwezviratidzo, ratidza mapoka emishonga.
- Neuroleptics : sedatives - aminazine, clozapine; antipsychotic - tryptazine, haloperidol, parnasan.
- T inoshandura - fenazepam, bromazepam, diazepam.
- Antidepressants - pirlindol, amitriptyline.
Kurapa kwechichichiphrenia nemishonga yevanhu
Mishonga yepamutemo semushonga we schizophrenia hazvizivikanwi, murwere chete anowedzera mamiriro ake ezvinhu, asi mushonga wemishonga unoshandiswa pakuwedzera kunerapi:
- bhati nehuwandu hwemasvosve easpen - ane chido chekuita;
- muto chamomile - inovandudza kurara;
- kondomu ye hops, lavender yakasungirirwa mumutsamiro inoita kuti chigadzirisa.
Nutrition yechichichiphrenia
Zvokudya muSchizophrenia ndezvokudya zvakakwana uye zvinofanira kuva nezvinhu zvakakodzera. Nhamba yezvirongwa zve "antischizophrenic diet":
- hove dzakaderera;
- nyama yakaonda;
- zvigadzirwa zvakapfuma mavitamini emuboka B (zviyo kubva mumunda wose, chingwa chebruwa);
- "Anodzvinyirira" michina: bhanana, almonds, strawberries, uchi.
- michero yemasango nemiriwo.