BCG (Bacillum Calmette Guerin, BCG) chirwere chinorwisa chifukidzo. Vadzidzisi vemushonga uyu - masayendisiti eFrance Geren naKalmet, vakataura kuwanikwa kwavo muna 1923. Mukati, muna 1923, chirwere chacho chakatanga kushandiswa. Ichi chemishonga chakaparadzirwa zvakapetwa makore akawanda gare gare. MuU.SR, vana vakatanga kuita zvirongwa zvekudzivirira neKBCG kubva muna 1962.
Ko BCG inodzivirira sei chirwere chetachiona?
Mushonga weKBCG unosangana neboka reboka remombe rinokwidziridzwa mune zvakasikwa. Iyo yakagadziriswa inokonzera kusagadzikana kune mamiriro ekunze uye, panguva imwechete, inokonzera chirwere mumunhu kusvika zvakadai kuti utachiona hunogona kuwedzerwa.
Tuberculosis inozivikanwa kwenguva refu. Nokuda kwenguva yakareba chirwere ichi hachina kutora vanhu vane chiuru chevanhu. Ichi chirwere chave chinetso chekugara kwevanhu uye nzira dzokurwa nadzo dzinofanira kuva dzakanyanya kuderedza. Tuberculosis inokanganisa vana nekukurumidza, nokuti zvirwere zvevana zvechirwere hazvisati zvanyatsogadzirwa maererano nezvirwere zvakadaro. Kuvhara kweBBCG kwakanyanya kuderedza kushaya muviri uye kufa kwepachirwere ichi chinotyisa kuvanhu, sezvo chirwere chetachiona chinoreruka kudzivirira kudarika kuporesa.
Vaccination ye BCG
BCG vaccination ndiyo mushonga wokutanga muhupenyu hwechechecheche. Hemukisi inowanikwa musi wechitatu-7 wehupenyu hwomwana. Revaccination inoitwa pazera remakore manomwe ne14. Kune rumwe rudzi rweKBCG vaccine - BCG m - kuwedzera. Ichi chirwere chinoshandiswa kune vana vari kumarudzi akatevera:
- vana vasati vasvika vasati vava kuwana kuwanda kwavo (kazhinji BCG vachengeti inopiwa pazuva rokupedzisira vasati vapera);
- vana vakanga vasina kupemerwa neBBCG muchipatara nekuda kwekupikisa. Muchiitiko ichi, chirongwa cheBBCG chinoitwa apo zvinopesana nezvinobviswa;
- vana vanoberekerwa munzvimbo dzine hutano hunogutsa hwechifuva.
Kukanganisa kwakashata uye zvinetso zve BCG
Mushonga weKBCG unotungamirirwa mukati. Izvo zvinowanzoitwa mumuviri kuenda kuBGG vacheche ndiyo inoratidzika paganda - chivara. Ichi chikafu chinoratidza kubudirira kwekuendeswa kwechirwere chemukati. Kana ruvara rweganda shure kweBGG rukapera, iwe unoda kuona chiremba.
Maererano navanachiremba, zvinetso zvakawanda pashure pekudzivirira kweBGG zvinokonzerwa netsika isina kunaka yekutangirwa kwemishonga. BCG vaccination to the newborns is a very important process, during which sterility must be observed, first of all. Kana pane zviremara, kukuvadza kwakanyanya, kuwedzera kwehupenyu hwakanaka shure kweBBCG mumwana, zvakakosha kukumbira chiremba nokukurumidza.
Contraindications kune BCG
Hemukari BCG inopesana nemapoka evana anotevera:
- vana vana vavanin'ina vavo vane matambudziko mushure mekudzivirira neBBCG;
- vana vane mhuri dzine vane HIV;
- Vana vane zvirwere zvakakomba kana kuti zvizvarwa (Down syndrome, kupora simba);
- vana vanotambura nezvirwere zvinotapukira. Muchiitiko ichi, BCG vachengetedzwa kunonoka kusvikira mwana azorora zvakare;
- vana vasati vasvika, vane chiremera chakakura chokugadzirisa.
Mantoux test
Mutezo weMantoux ndiyo nzira yekufanirwa kuongororwa kwechirwere chetachiona. Muedzo weMantoux unoumbwa nekushambadzira kwemadiki maduku e tuberculin, anergy, kumuviri wemwana, unowanikwa kubva kubhakitiriya rwechifuva. Zvadaro, kwemazuva matatu, maitiro emunharaunda anotariswa. Kana pane chiremera chakasimba, zvinoreva kuti muviri wemwana watova nehutachiona hwehutachiona. Chirwere cheMantoux uye BCG chirwere hachisi chakafanana. Muedzo weMantoux unoitwa gore negore kunyange kune avo vana vasingaregereki vacheche.