Kubva pane zvidzidzo zvechikoro zvejiji tinoziva kuti Japan ndiyo nyika yechitsuwa. Asi havasi vose vanoyeuka zvitsuwa zvakawanda muJapan, sechitsuwa chikuru chenyika chinonzi, uye pachiwi chipi cheguta guru reJapan riripo.
Saka, munharaunda yehurumende kune zviwi zvinopfuura 3 000 zvePacific Ocean, iyo yakakura kupfuura iyo yakafanana neJapan archipelago. Mukuwedzera, pasi pekutarisa kwenyika iyiwo zvitsuwa zvisingagoni kuverengwa, zvakasara kubva kumahombekombe kwezviuru zvemakiromita uye kuumba zvinhu zvakawanda zvegungwa.
Zvitsuwa zvikuru zvenyika
Ngationei chiwi chikuru chiri munharaunda yenyika:
- Chitsuwa chikuru kupfuura zvose zveJapan, chinenge chinenge 60 muzana yenharaunda yenyika yacho uye iri iro rinonyanya kuwanikwa kune zvitsuwa zvikuru zvikuru - chitsuwa cheHonshu , chinonziwo Hondo naNippon. Ndiyo nheyo yenyika - Tokyo uye maguta akadai eiko seOsaka , Kyoto , Nagoya uye Yokohama . Nharaunda yechitsuwa cheHonshu is 231000 square meters. km, uye huwandu huwandu huwandu huwandu hwevanhu makumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi mana evanhu vese vehurumende. Chitsuwa chacho chinonyanya kufunga nezvezvinhu zvinofarira vatashanyi. Uyewo pano ndiyo chiratidzo chikuru cheJapan - iyo inoshamisa Mount Fuji .
- Chitsuwa chechipiri chikuru muJapan ndiHokkaido, chaimbozivikanwa seJesso, Edzo naMatsumae. Hokkaido yakaparadzaniswa kubva kuHonshu neche Sangarsky strait, nzvimbo yaro ndeye 83 000 square mita mamita. km, uye vagari vanhu mamiriyoni 5,6. Pamaguta makuru echitsuwa chacho, unogona kutumidza Chitose, Wakkanay uye Sapporo . Sezvo mamiriro ekunze muHokkaido yakaoma zvikuru kudarika mune dzimwe dzose dzeJapan, maJapan ivo pachavo vanodana chiwi "chituko chakasimba". Pasinei nemamiriro ekunze, zvakaita Hokkaido yakawanda kwazvo, uye 10% yenharaunda yose yakachengetedzwa zvakachengetedzwa .
- Chitsuwa chechitatu chikuru pane zvitsuwa zveJapan, iyo nzvimbo yakasiyana yehupfumi ndiyo chitsuwa cheKyushu . Nharaunda yaro iri zviuru makumi maviri nemazana mana emamita. km, uye vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni gumi nemaviri. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, nekuda kwenhamba huru yemabhizimisi e microelectronics, chitsuwa cheKyushu muJapan chinonzi "silicone". Ikoko kunewo zvakagadzirwa nesimbi-kushanda uye makemikari indasitiri, pamwe nekurima, kubereka kwemombe. Maguta makuru eKyushu ndeNagasaki , Kagoshima, Fukuoka , Kumamoto naOita. Kune zvikomo zvinoputika pachitsuwa chacho.
- Wekupedzisira mune runyora rwezvitsuwa zvikuru zveJapan ndezviduku- chiwi cheShikoku . Nharaunda yaro ine makiromita makumi mana emakiromita. km, uye vagari vari pedyo nemamiriyoni mana evanhu. Mukurumbira wenyika weShikoku wakaunzwa nemakereke zana nemasere. Zvizhinji zvemaguta makuru echitsuwa iri kumucheto wekumusoro kwechitsuwa chacho, pakati pezvinonyanyozivikanwa ndiTokushima, Takamatsu, Matsuyama naKochi. Munharaunda yeShikoku, nzara inoshandiswa, kushandiswa kwezvikepe uye zvekurima zvakagadziridzwa zvakanaka, asi pasinei neizvi, mupiro muduku zvikuru unoitwa kuhupfumi hweJapan - 3% chete.
Zviduku zveIjapani
Chimiro chemazuva ano eJapan, kuwedzera kune chikepe cheJapan, chinosanganisirawo nhamba yakawanda yezvitsuwa zviduku (kusanganisira vanhu vasingagari) izvo zvinoratidzwa nemamiriro akasiyana-siyana, maonero , tsika, chikafu uye kunyange mitauro yakasiyana. Kubva kune imwe nzvimbo yekutarisa, nzvimbo dzinonakidza ndezokuti:
- Hasim ishizha rakasiyiwa riri muJapan, zvakare Gunkanjima kana Gankajima. Anenge makore makumi mashanu iyi iyi yaiva imwe yenzvimbo dzakawanda pasi pano, asi mushure mokunge zvose zvicherwa zvabuda, vagari vabva kumusha. Hasim yakachinja kuti ive chitsuwa chekufa;
- Okinawa , anozivikanwa muJapan sechitsuwa chemazuva mazhinji. Pano tinorarama hafu yevanhu vane mamiriyoni avo vane makore ekuberekwa vakapfuura zana. Zvinoshamisika kuti maJapan, avo vasvika panguva yekuremekedzwa, vanotarisa uye vanonzwa vadiki vaduku, uye ivo vanenge vasingazivikanwe zvirwere zvakadai sekurwadziwa kwemoyo kana kenza;
- Aogashima Island inowanzova gomo rinoputika muJapan, uyewo chiwi chinoshamisa chakanga chichikwezva varedzi vehove nevashanyi vari kutsvaga zvisingaiti zvisinganzwisisiki zvakanyanya muNyika yeZuva Rinobuda;
- Odaiba ichitsuwa chikuru chekuvaka muJapane, iyo iyo izwi rokuti "chitsuwa chemarara" inosanganiswa. Nhoroondo yeOdaiba inoratidza unyanzvi hunosiyana hwekuJapane kuti hugadzire chaiye kunyanya kushandisa kushandiswa kwemarara;
- chikamu chiduku chenyika Aoshima , iyo iri kuJapan inoonekwa sechitsuwa chemakate. Ikoko hakuna maresitorendi uye mabhizimisi, uye vanhu vanongorara kune vanhu vaviri chete. Kunyange zvakadaro, vatashanyi vanoziva chiwi ichi nekuda kwevagari vemo - makate, ayo anopfuura 120;
- iri chitsuwa chekumaodzanyemba cheJapan rine zita rinonakidza Ishigaki , iro rinoreva "chiwi chechitsuwa chebwe". Iyo iri muboka rechitsuwa cheRyukyu archipelago. Kukwezva kukuru kwechitsuwa ichi ndecheGomo Omoto, iyo yakakwirira kusvika kusvika mamiriyoni 529.
The Kuril Islands neJapan
Chigumbuso muhukama pakati peJapan neRussia chava zvitsuwa zvinopesana, izvo maJapan anodana "Northern Territories", uye maRussia - "Southern Kuriles". Pakazara, gorosi reKuril rinosvika 56 zvitsuwa uye matombo eRussia. Territorial inoti Japan inongoita zviwi zve Kunashir, Iturup, Shikotan uye neketani yezvitsuwa zveHabomai. Parizvino, nharo pamusoro pehuyo hwezviwi izvi haibvumi nyika dzemuvakidzani kuti dziwane sungano yorugare iyo yakaputsika panguva yeHondo Yenyika Yechipiri. Kwenguva yokutanga, Japan yakapa kodzero yekuti ive yezvitsuwa zvinopikisana muna 1955, asi kubvira ipapo mubvunzo wakaramba usina kugadzikana.