Munda wemizambiringa unogona kukanganisa mabhakitiriya mazana mashanu, fungal, mycoplasmoses, viral uye dzimwe zvirwere. Mukuwedzera, muti wacho unowanzosangana nekushaya kana kuwandisa kwezvokudya muvhu uye kusina kunaka kwemamiriro okunze.
Zvirwere zvemazambiringa uye kurapa kwavo
Zvirwere zvikuru zvemazambiringa zvinorehwa, muto wakaora, oidium, grey rot, zvinokambaira mashizha, kenza yebhakitiriya, inoonekwa necrosis, anthracnose, mazai mazambiringa uye phylloxera.
Chirwere chinotyisa zvikuru chemazambiringa ndeye mildew (downy mildew). Inobata zvose zvinomera zvegwenzi. Nguva yakakosha inobva pakutanga kwekutumbuka kwemazambiringa kune majiroji kuenzana kwepea. Tanga kupfira pamberi pemuva mazambiringa, zvino mushure mokuputira nemusi wemazuva 8 kusvika ku21, kungoita nguva yacho kubva 3 kusvika ku8 nguva.
Kurapa kwakanaka kubudisa zvirongwa zvinoshanda zvemishonga Efal, Mikal, Mitsu, Strobi.
Oidium - powdery mildew, white coating. Inobata inflorescences, majiroji nemashizha ayo akaoma uye achiwa, uye pamashizha anoonekwa madota madota. Chiratidzo chechimiro chinonhuwira chehove yakaora. Kubudirira kwechirwere kunobatsira kune kupisa uye kunaya kwemamiriro okunze, kukwirira kwemvura. Iyo miviri mikuru yekurwisana nezvirwere zvemuroyi inosvibisa ivhu nevhu kusati kurima.
Nechena yakaora, iyo causative agent yechirwere inopedza nguva yechando pamakrikiti akaiswa uye zvinomera. Nechimvuramabwe chezvikorosi uye gwenzi rinotanga kukanganisa kwakanyanya kune majiro nemashizha emunda wemizambiringa. Uyewo, kuchena kwakaoma kunowedzera mumasango asina kupisa. Majikiti aya anoputika, mabhanki anotonhora, juisi yakarasika, majiro akafukidzwa nemasvi machena uye akaoma. Mumvura yekuvhuvhuta, kusvika ku50-70% yezviyo yakarasika.
Kudzivirira mazambiringa kubva kuzvirwere
Kunyanya kuchengetwa kwemazambiringa ndiko kusikwa kwemaitiro akanaka ekuvhenekera nekuputira mazambiringa, anowanikwa nekugadzirisa nguva, kubva mumuzambiringa, kuparadzwa kwemasora, kucheneswa panguva yakakodzera yezvibereko zvinorwara uye mazambiringa.
Kurapa kwemazambiringa kubva kune zvirwere, kureva, kupomera, kunofanira kuitika kana majiro akave akaenzana pea. When
Chirwere chemuzambiringa mazambiringa chinokonzerwa nemapachigoni ezvirwere uye nehutachiona hunopisa. Aya mavhirifu, mapuranga nemakungu, izvo zvinodya pamuti uye juice emuzambiringa. Mukurwisana navo, kunyanya kushanda ndiko kupisa kwemiti yemizambiringa mushure mekuchekerera miti.
Mazambiringa anogadzirirwa zvirwere
Munguva yedu, zvitsva zvakasiyana izvo zvinorwisana nezvipembenene zvakasiyana siyana zvakatangwa. Izvi ndizvo, somuenzaniso, Golden Steady, Dniester Pink, Buffalo, Pineapple, Chasla North, Vierul, Nistru, Saperavi North, Purple Early, Advanced, Bashkan Red, Liang, Moldavian Color.