Chimiro cheStapelia ndechokuti chikamu chekusingaperi chinotyisa. Muzvisikwa zvinokura muSouth-West Africa pamatope emakomo, munzvimbo dzakasvibiswa nemiti, pedyo neoases. Mutsika unobhadhara zita rawo muDutch botanist uye chiremba Johannes van Stapel.
Flower of the Stalapia - tsanangudzo
Chimiro chave chakakurumbira nekuda kwekunaka kwayo kunoshamisa kwemaruva makuru, nekuda kwemaitiro avo inowanzonzi "gungwa" kana "sheriff's star". Tsanangudzo yemutauro:
- Stapelia imbuzha yemusha yakasununguka - inonakidza (mumatemu inowedzera humvu) 10-60 cm yakakwirira, ine nhamba yakawanda yemafudzi ane mhuka, ayo akafukidzwa nemashizha pamativi mana. Utachiona hunowanikwa muhuzha, grey, tsvuku, tsvuku tsvuku, hapana mavara mashizha.
- Corolla yakapoteredzwa, ine mapaundi mashanu emakumbo matatu. Kupenya kunowanikwa variegated (pamusana weuswa usviba mavara), yakajeka yepepuru, tsvuku-tsvuku, yakasiyana-siyana nemakasiyana emashiripiti nemakumbo.
- Pamwe pamwe nekukwezva, maruva ane unhu husingafadzi, iyo inokwezva nhunzi kune maruva.
Stapel inotumbuka rini?
IAfrica saplings inoburitsa mukati meAugust, ichienderera kusvikira pakupera kwaOctober. Rosette inogara kwemazuva mashomanana, mamwe mazai emaruva anokurumidza kuiisa. Mushure mekunge michero yakaumbwa pamuti une mbeu zhinji, yakagadzirirwa neparachutes. Mamiriro ezvinhu akasununguka ekuvapo, Stapelia inogona kufadza nyeredzi nyeredzi panguva ipi zvayo yegore. Sezvakaita mumusango, muti unoda kuzorora. Apo kutonhora kunoderedzwa uye kunwisa kunopera, ma rosettes "anorara". Nekuwedzera kwezuva, muti unotanga uye unotanga kubuda.
Stapelia - Species
Chimiro chacho chinonyatsogadzirisa kugadzirwa kwekamuri, kufadza nekukwirira kwayo. Stapelia yakafanana nemiti yemapel, iyo yakasimudza shandi kubva pamudzi, inokwezva matavi anotinhira anotinhira achibva muhari uye zvakare achimhanya. Kunyanya kukosha kwechimiro chacho ndechekusanganisa buds. Nhamba yakawanda yezvipenyu inogadziriswa kuti ive mamiriro ezvinhu epamba, kazhinji pane mahwindo emahombekombe kune mahombekombe-makuru, makuru, mawere ane mvere ane corollas kubva pamasendimita mashanu kusvika ku35 muupamhi, zvichienderana nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana.
Stapelia mottled
Muchidimbu chinokwana kusvika masendimita 10 kubva kumusoro, uye emerald, dzimwe nguva tsvuku tsvina dzine zviso zvakashata mumadziro akadzivirira. Maruva ari panheyo kubva kune imwe kusvika kune zvidimbu zvishanu, corolla 5-8 cm muupamhi, yakarembera. Petals ndeyei, katatu, yakagadzika uye yakarongedzwa. Kunze kwave kwakanyorovesa, mukati kunenge kwakanyunguduka, kwenyoro, yakafukidzwa nekusiyanisa mhepo yakawanda isina mavara kana maronda. Stapelia variegated mukuchengetedza vasingateereri, nyore nyore kuchinja kumamiriro asina kunaka. Maruva anotumbuka muzhizha, anobudisa furo isingafadzi.
Stapelia yakakura-yakashamiswa
Miti yacho inonzi stapelia yakakura-yakasvibira - inomera yakareba kwenguva yakareba, inokura vertethedralral inowanikwa uye isingawaniki yakagadzika. Muchikamu chezasi cheputi muzhizha duva rinoumbwa nemakumbo e-lanceolate akakomberedzwa akaita se starfish. Iko burgundy kana yepepuru, yakafukidzwa ne silvery villi. Corolla yakakura 15-25 cm, maruva anotora kusvika kune mazuva mashanu, panguva ino chimiro chinopisa chekuora nyama.
Stapelia Grandiflora
Indoor plant stapelia Grandiflora uye yakakura-yakawedzerwa - iyi ndiyo mhando imwechete. Vanokwevera kutarisa nemaruva makuru mashanu-petalled masikati machena mutsvuku nemasikati anooneka pubescence, ari pamakumbo maduku. Kureba kwemafuro kunosvika 20-25 cm, ma rosettes akavharidzirwa panguva yekukura uye kuwana nyanzvi yekutanga nyeredzi.
Stapelia Guernia
Perennial guernia ine nyama tetrahedral inonzi stems, yakazara neine softtie. Maruva ayo akaoma semakisi, 2 cm muupamhi, akafanana nebhero, burgundy mukati, akachena kunze. Mucherechedzo mu guernia yakanyanyobatana kupfuura mune dzimwe mhando, uye hazvirevi zvakasimba. Stapel yakadaro pamba iri branching yakawanda, ichikura zvakanaka. Maruva velvety, guernia inogona kufadza kupenya buds gore rose. Kunhuwirira kunofadza kunonzwika kana iwe ukaswedera pamiti yacho zvakananga.
Stapelia Gigantea
Chimiro chine marefu kwenguva yakareba chine simba kusvika 20 cm ne deep grooves. Panzvimbo yekutumbuka, iyo Giant Stapelia inoumba 1-2 huru pakati pehama dzehuva, kusvika pamasentimita makumi maviri nemashanu pakureba. Volosisty (ane white villi, ane ruvara rutsvuku) gorofa mashanu-petalled maruva yakavezwa mumucheka unoita ruvara rwechrishi uye ine mutsara unopenya. Mheto dzemakwenzi acho akadzivirirwa uye akanyatsopwanyika, zano racho rinogona kupedzisira richikwira. Kubudirira kworudzi urwu ndechokuti hauna chirevo chakanaka chisingafadzi.
Stapelia Variegata
Chimiro che variegated stapel uye marudzi e Variegata akafanana uye tsika imwechete. Izvo zvakasvibirira zvakasvibirira pasi zvisingabvi nenyuchi, zvine meno akabatwa. Muchikamu, tsvina inogadzira denderedzwa rinenge riripo. Chiedza, mavara machena machena ane mavara machena akafuridzirwa corollas. Pakati pavo vane ring yeveveveve, iyo yakagadzirirwa nechetatu pikasi. Kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana evanhu variegate tsika, anosiyaniswa nemuvara wekupararira kwakadzama stellate maruva ane mupumburu mukati.
Indoor flower ye stapelia - kukura uye kutarisira
Kufanana nekuwanda kunotyisa, simiti inonzi stapel haifaniri kutarisirwa zvakanyanya, saka yakakosha kune vasina ruzivo kana kuti vakapinda florists. Asi pane zvimwe zvisinganzwisisiki mukumutarisira, vanovimba nenguva yegore. Pfungwa huru pakukura:
- Nyaradzo inotonhorera yakareba ndeye 20-27 ° С muzhizha uye + 12-15 ° С muchando. Kubvira pakuguma kwekuvhuvhura, simiti inoda nguva yekuzorora. Anokurudzirwa kuti aderedze kutonhora kwezviri mukati uye kuderedza kunwisa. Bhokoni yakavharidzirwa inzvimbo yakakodzera munguva yekuzorora kwe "starfish" kubva pakupera kweNovember kusvika kutanga kwaMarch. Ikoko, simiti ine mvura shomanana ichazorora zvakanaka musati mutsva.
- Nokuda kwekumaodzanyemba kwemaodzanyemba, kujekesa kwakakosha kunodiwa nehuwandu hwezuva rakananga, kunze kwekuti mashizha acho anoonda. Mumazuva anopisa, zviri nani kuti pritenit, kuitira kuti inopisa isati yapisa. Kazhinji mubvunzo wekuti nei stapel isingasviki, mhinduro yacho inowanikwa mukushaikwa kwechiedza kana zvimwe zvinovaka.
- "Starfish" pachayo inotaurira muridzi kana pane yakawanda yezuva masikati mairi - mazano emashizha ayo anotanga kubhururuka.
- Nokusvika kusina kukwana kwechiedza, simiti inokura isina kufanana - inofamba inobhururuka kumazuva ezuva. Somugumisiro, gwenzi rinosvibira kune rumwe rutivi uye ruchiva kune rumwe. Kuti udzivise izvi, iwe unofanidza kuchinja ndiro iyo yakarongedza zvakapoteredza nheyo yayo. Asi panguva yekurima kuitira kuti usapinda simiti inodonha mazai, zviri nani kusaita izvi.
- Kuyerera kwemweya hakusi kukosha kwe "starfish" yakajairika mumamiriro eAfrica, inonzwa zvakanaka mumhepo yakaoma.
- Ikoko chinonyanya kukanganisa chinotyisa chimiro ndicho mhuka yeealy . Haana hanya kudya nyama dzine nyama inonaka. Iyo nyuchi inofanira kushambidzwa nemvura, simiti inofanira kudirirwa nemushonga uye inowanikwa muhomwe yeCellophane kwemazuva mazhinji.
Kudyara kweStapelia
Chimiro chacho chine midzi isina kudzika midzi uye inoda padzi yakazara padzi. Unyanzvi hwechitatu hunofanira kunge huri nemvura - yakawedzerwa ivhu, zvidimbu zvepurasitiki, mhombwe. Zvakakosha kudzivirira mvuralogging yevhu, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kuora kwedu. Ivhu remuti unoda chiedza, kufema uye kusununguka. Ground yekudyara inogona kugadzirirwa kubva kumativi maviri evhu revhu uye imwe-yakashambwa nejecha. Iine mhepo yakanaka uye mvura inogadziriswa uye isina kusimba acidity.
Nokuti rooting inobatsirawo uye inotengeswa nechitoro kune zvinonaka, izvo zvinowedzera marara - zvinodzivirira ivhu kubva kuora uye zvipembenene. Rimwe jaya rekuchera rinodiwa gore roga roga, rinoitwa mukati megore. Maruva maviri uye matatu ane makore anoshungurudza kwemakore mashomanana. Nguva yakawanda inoshandura nzvimbo yakasara, bvisa mafuro akare pakati, sezvo isingazobudizve. Mushure mekusimudza, muti wacho haufaniri kunwa mvura kwemazuva 7-10 - zviri nani kugadziriswa. Succulent inokura nekukurumidza, maruva anoonekwa padiki majaya.
Stapelia - kunwisa
Paakabvunzwa kuti nei hove dzave dzakanyorova uye dzakanyunguduka mashizha-mitsva, mhinduro yacho inogona kuva yakanyanyisa yemuviri, ndicho chikonzero midzi inokuvadzwa nekuora. Miti yacho haigoni kumira-iyo inotenderera yakajeka, inotora uye inotanga kuparara. Kubva munaMarch kusvika munaOctober, Stapelia inonwa mvura zvishoma (inenge kamwe kamwe kwevhiki mbiri) - nyika iri pakati pemvura inonaya inofanira kuoma kusvikira pasi payo. Pane imwe nguva simiti yakazara nemvura yakawanda, asi kupera kwemvura hakufaniri kubuda, zvisinei kuti midzi ye "starfish" inogona kupera.
Muchikwata muti wacho une nguva yekuzorora. Saka, kubva munaOctober kunwisa kunopera kamwechete mwedzi, December neJanuary, gwenzi harigoni kunatswa zvachose. Panguva ino, tinofanira kuve nechokwadi chokuti simiti haisi yakaoma uye kuti korome yayo haina kutanga kukonzera. Kuchengetedza kwakakodzera panguva yekuzorora kuchasimbisa kuonekwa kwechando chakanaka "nyeredzi". Mushure mokunge budhu hukaumbwa pamutsika, varidzi vemunharaunda vanofarira kudiridza, stapel munguva yemaruva haifaniri kutarisirwa zvakananga - inoidya sevhu inopera. Mvura yekudiridza inoda zvishoma, haifaniri kutonhora.
Cactus Stapelia - top dressing
Mineral fertilizer ine simba rakanaka pamaruva eStapelia, kutarisira kumusha kunosanganisira kupedza kwekupedzisira uye kwekupedza - panguva bedzi yemiti yekuita. Inodyidzwa panzvimbo iyi masvondo maviri ose nemasanganiswa anokosha eti cacti kana zvinotapira mumitambo inorayirwa. Mishonga yakakodzera ndeye Agricola, Florovit, Pokon, Bona Forte. Muchando, muti wacho hauna kudyiwa. Stapelia inobata zvakanaka kumashroom fertilizer, nokuda kwavo inowedzera kurwisana nezvirwere.
Stapelia - kubereka
Iwe unogona kuparadzira simiti nenzira nhatu:
- Mbeu. Zvinowanikwa muzvibereko-pods pane "nyeredzi yegungwa" gore rese. Mbeu dzinounganidzwa, dzakagadzirirwa nefoshoro dzemvura, dzinoda kubviswa. Mbeu dzinomira hafu yeawa mumugadziro we potassium permanganate, dzinodyarwa mune imwe mbatya muvhu rakare, mushure memasvondo 3-4 dzinomera. Mushure mekunge vatora muti, vanodyarwa mumasendimita matanhatu.
- Stapelia - kuwedzera nokukurumidza kuburikidza nekucheka. Majemusi akadzimwa kubva kune akwegura. Vasati vadyara, vanosva masikati, mushure mekunge vadyarwa mu substrate yakaitwa nejecha rakawanda pamwe nekuwedzera kwechidiki che peat chips. Mumazuva manomwe kubva pane zvemazuva manomwe kusvika pakushambidzika kwe-20 ° C, midzi inowanikwa pamucheka. Mbeu dzakasimba dzinoshandiswa muna 7 cm mapoto. Kuumbwa kwepasi kuchave kwakafanana nekumbeu yembeu. Zvikwangwani zvinofanira kutorwa kubva kumudzimai uyo, izvo zvave zvatumbuka. Mwanasikana musango saka zviri nani kusungira mazamu ako pachako.
- Nokuparadzanisa gwenzi. Munguva yekugadzirwa, gwenzi raamai rinogona kugoverwa mumiti yakasiyana-siyana, imwe neimwe inodyarwa muzvigadzirwa zvakasanganiswa.
Kuumbwa kwenyika kwakafanana: turf, mashizha, jecha (1: 2: 1), pamwe 1 chikamu chemarasha ane lime (1: 8). Gore rakatevera mashizha matsva anoshandurwa mu 7 cm mapoto. Kukura "starfish" nokukurumidza. Tinofanira kugadzirira kuti chimiro chiduku chingave chisingaoneki semuriro wemubereki, nokuti migwagwa yeStapelia zvakanaka. Mugore rokutanga rehupenyu, coma yenyika haifaniri kuoma. Chimiro chinotanga kubva kumbeu mugore rechitatu kana rechina rehupenyu.