Nzira yekuzvarwa nayo yakaoma uye dzimwe nguva isingazivikanwi. Kazhinji pane mamiriro ezvinhu apo kuchengetedza hupenyu hwemwana uye amai vanofanira kunge vachikurumidza kupedza kuberekwa. Muchiitiko ichi, chiremba-gynecologist anosarudza nokukurumidza pamusoro pekugadziriswa kwesimba rinoputika.
Zvisizvo zvisingabatsiri - imwe yenyaya
Kwenguva yekutanga zvipfeko zvinokonzerwa nezvipfeko zvakasikwa naP. Chamberlain, avo vakachengetedza chigadziro chakavanzika uye chakashandiswa mukugadzirisa pachake.
Vanhu vose vaiva mauto, uye wechipiri akaumbwa makore 125 gare gare nachiremba ainzi Palfin. Yakanga iri kubva panguva ino (1723) iyo inobata zvigetsi yakatanga kushandiswa uye yakatanga kuvandudzwa munyika dzeEurope, uyezve muRussia nedzimwe nyika dzeSoviet.
Kusvikira nguva iyo chirwere chekuvhara chikafu chinopinda mukati mechiito chinopesana, zvipfeko zvisingabatsiri ndiyo nzira chete iyo hupenyu hwevana nevakadzi vakawanda mukuberekwa hwakaponeswa, kusanganisira.
Zvinyorwa zvekudzivirira - marudzi uye nzira yekushandiswa
Kusvika iye zvino, muhuwandu, pane mazana matanhatu emasikirwo emagetsi anokonzera maitiro akasiyana mune zvarwo uye maitiro ekushandiswa.
Zvichienderana nechinzvimbo chemusoro we fetal, simbaps inorongwa:
- Zvakabuda zvinokonzera masimba (zvinowanzo) - zvakasimudzwa pamusoro, chikamu chikuru chiri mu ndege yekubuda kwebato duku. Izvo zvinokonzerwa nemakumbo emagetsi zvinowanzosvibiswa, sezvo munzvimbo iyi yemusoro unogona kupararira ne episiotomy.
- Hollow obstetrical forceps (atypical) inofanirwa kana musoro uripo zvakananga mumakona emadutu maduku.
- Mahombekombe epamusoro akavharidzirwa aiitwa kare apo musoro waiva pavanopinda nepfini duku. Kushandiswa kwemasimba epamusoro kune ngozi uye yakaoma, uye zvinotungamirira kumarwadzo akaoma ekuzvarwa, ndicho chikonzero ikozvino yakarambidzwa.
Sezvo mutemo, masikirini ekare emasikirwo akabatanidzwa ane mairi maviri akaenzana mapapiro, kivha uye chibatiso.
Nehuwandu hwekufamba kwekivha-iyo yekubatanidza, simba rekudzivirira rinogona kugoverwa mu:
- Russian (iyo imba yakashambadza);
- ChiGerman (iyo nhare inenge isina kufamba);
- Chirungu (kuenzanisira kufamba);
- ChiFrench (chakasarudzwa nhare).
Munyika yedu, iyo inowanzoshandiswa kushandiswa kweChirungu inobata simba Simpson mukugadziridzwa kwechipatetriji Phenomenov, ine zita rimwe chete rinonzi Simpson-Phenomenov. Uyu muenzaniso unoumbwa nezvikamu zviviri - zvipfeko zvekurudyi uye zvekuruboshwe, zvine mavhirivhiti maviri (musoro uye pelvic), chigadziko chinoshandiswa, chibatiso chebhandi neBhit hook dzekugadzirisa maoko. Kurema kwe forceps iri magiramu 500, kureba inenge 35 cm. Nheyo dzekusimudza zvinyorwa zvisingabatsiri zvinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu echombo, uye kunyanya kana chiri chibereko kana chimiro chemuenzaniso.
Zvisizvo zvisingabatsiri - uchapupu nemigumisiro
Zviratidzo zvikuru zvekushandisa forceps ndezvekuti:
- zvirwere zvepfungwa yemwoyo, itsvo, moyo wemukadzi hazvienderani nemutoro webasa;
- basa rekushaya simba;
- acute fetal hypoxia ;
- kuputika kwemubilical cord loops;
- chikwata chine nguva isati yasvika yepa placenta nevamwe vazhinji, pane kungwara kwechiremba.
Uyewo kune nzira iyo pane mitemo inotevera:
- a fetus fetus;
- kuziviswa zvakakwana;
- kuwirirana kwe musoro uye mapepa dimensions;
- kusabatwa kwechirwere chekuberekwa.
Mukuwedzera kune zvakataurwa pamusoro apa, zvakakosha kuziva kuti nzira yekuisa zvipingamupinyi zvisingabatsiri zvakaoma kwazvo, uye havasi nyanzvi dzose vane ruzivo urwu mukukwana. Mukuwedzera, zvinetso zvinokwanisika, zvose pachinzvimbo cheamai nemwana. Zita:
- kushungurudzika kwechirwere chokuberekwa, kuparara kwemukati , uye dzimwe nguva chibereko chairo;
- kushungurudzika kumusoro uye cervical nzvimbo ye fetus;
- paresis yemutsara wepiso;
- hematomas;
- kuora kwemhepo muuropi nevamwe vakawanda.