Nzira yekukura nayo mukomkoro ndiyo inoratidzirwa kune miriwo yese yeminda yemiriwo. Asi kwete nguva dzose chikonzero chinopindirana nemugumisiro unotarisirwa. Kukohwa kwakakosha mubairo wekushingaira uye wakangwara, uchiziva zvisinganzwisisiki zvezvikamu zvose zvekurima kwezvinonaka izvi zvinokonzerwa nemiriwo.
Makaskkuti - kudyara
Izvo zvakavanzika zvekukura makomkoro zvakanyanya nyore. Ndizvo:
- munzvimbo yakarurama;
- kuchengetedza zvakakwana kutonhora kwemamiriro;
- nzira dzekudzivirira kudzivirira zvirwere;
- sangano rekudiridza nepamusoro kupfeka.
Ikokoro inokura zvakanaka panzvimbo dzakarimwa dzine nzvimbo yakadzika dzezasi kune sandy loamy ivhu nehutachiona uye zvishoma zvinyatsoitika. Asi kunyange nzvimbo yakanakisisa inogona kunge isingasviki kumurairi wacho, kana yapfuura yakasimwa pumpkin, mavhenekeloni, beetroot, sunflower kana tomate. Usakurudzira agronomists kukura makomkete mune imwe nzvimbo kwemakore maviri akatevedzana - izvi zvinogona kutungamirira kupararira kweimwe zvirwere (fusarium wilt, anthracnose, bacteriosis).
Utongi hwekushisa uye hunyoro hunoona nzira uye nguva yenguva yekudyara. Munzvimbo dzinotonhora, mbeu yakanaka inobereka kudyara kwembeu munzvimbo yakazaruka. Nzira yekumera yekurima ndiyo yakanakisisa yekutengesa kwemamiriro okunze nekunze kwekushisa nhamba. Iyi nzira yakanaka zvakare nokuti inokubvumira kuwana kukohwa kwekutanga - kwemavhiki maviri masere mbeu dzakasimwa nemichero dzichibuda kunze kwehama dzadzo dzakabuda mumbeu iri pasi. Chirongwa chekukwirira kwakajeka kugovera muti wacho nehurumende inoda kutaridzika, kujekesa nekudiridza mumagetsi.
Teknolojia yekutakura cucumber - mabhedha
Miti yekomba inoda kunyatsogadzirira mberi. Muvhuvhu sangano rinofanira kurima uye organic, phosphoric uye potassium fertilizer inoiswa. Muchirimo, izvi hazvigone kuitika, sezvo huwandu hwakawanda hwezvibereko hunogona kukuvadza kumiti. Kana ivhu re acidid level richiwedzerwa, manyore eminestone anofanira kuwedzerwa. Nitrogen fertilizing inofanira kuitwa muchero panguva yekurima ivhu risati radyara uye panguva yekukura kwemuti.
Kukurima nekutarisira kwamakucheka muvhu rakazaruka kuchapa migumisiro yakakodzera nekugadzirira kwakakodzera mbeu. Zvinhu zvakasimwa zvinofanira kunge zvinopisa kuporesa, zvakakonzerwa ne microelements uye yakagadzirirwa. Miti yekudyara miriwo inofanira kunge yakanonoka - pakati pemamiriro ekumhanya kwemamiriro ekumhanya kunokonzerwa kuendesa kunofanirwa kuve kusati kwamboitika pakati peMay, apo ivhu rinosvika kusvika +15 ... + 17 ° С. Dyara mbeu mumatsime (ane nguva ye 50-60 cm, iri mumutsara mumwe chete kana maviri). 4-5 Mbeu dzinoiswa mumutsetse mumwe nomumwe. Kukura kwekudyara kunosvika 2 cm pavhu rakaoma loamy, kusvika 4 cm - pavhu rakaoma sandy.
Kukurira cucumber mbeu
Yakasimbiswa mbeu, yakasimwa muvhu, inotanga kubereka michero kare kwevhiki mbiri kupfuura mashizha akakura kubva kumbeu. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, varimi vakawanda vanotakura mbeu inoshandiswa, kunyanya mune iyo mamiriro ekunze apo kushizha hakunoparadzi kupisa. Kubika mbesa kunotangira mberi, sezvo vachida kuvadyara pakutanga kweJune, uye panguva yekudyara pamiti inofanira kunge iri mashizha 3-4 uye zera rayo rinofanira kuva mazuva makumi maviri nemaviri. Zvakanakisisa mamiriro ekurairirwa kwekamboro mbuto:
- mumwe mupfu ane ivhu rakanaka uye mabheji emvura - kune rumwe ruzha;
- nzvimbo ine ushamwari uye yakajeka ine kutonhorera kwemazuva masikati masikati 20-22 ° C, usiku - 18-20 ° C;
- kusavapo kwemashizha;
- kudiridza zvine mwero pasina kunyanya kusimudzira uye kuoma kwevhu.
Kukura kwemakango kubva kumbeu
Iko kukohwa kwakanaka kunobvira kana uchidyara mbeu muvhu rakavhurika. Muchiitiko ichi, kunyatsotarisirwa kunofanira kupiwa mukugadzirira kwekugadzira zvinhu:
- Mbeu dzinoshandiswa kudyara makore 2-3 akapfuura;
- vasati vadyara, ivo vanochengeterwa - vakagadzika uye vakwegura mugadziro ye saline kwemaminitsi mashanu kusvika ku10 (mhinduro yakagadzirirwa uye inotaridzwa 3 g yemunyu pa100 ml yemvura), mbeu dzakabuda pamusoro dzinodzwa;
- iyo kukura kwamakarkiti haiti kunze kwekudzivirira mbeu muzvigadziriswa zvemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya ("Fitosporin-M", "Baksis", 1% solution ye potassium permanganate);
- pane zvigadzirwa zvemabhizimisi, kusapiswa kwemhepo kunoshandiswa nekupisa (kwemazuva matatu inoculum inochengeterwa pakushambidzwa kwe40 ° C kana masikati pa80 ° C);
- apo yakasimwa mumatombo asingasviki yevhu yakaderedzwa mumumanyorera (kukurudzira mashizha - "Epin", "Zircon");
- Kudyara chete muvhu rakaoma;
- humwe hugadziridzo, kukura kwamakucheka uye kuvatarisira, zvinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu nemhando.
Nzira dzekukura masuka
Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekukura masuka. Izvo zvakagara zvagadziriswa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana, kuwanikwa kwemahara, nzvimbo yevhu, hutongi hwehutano uye zvinoshandiswa pakudiridza. Dzimwe nzira dzekukura makomketa dzinoda mari yekuwedzera kwekuvaka mapuranga uye kutenga kwezvimwe zvinokwana. Inonyanya kuzivikanwa pakati pevarimi ndeyi nzira dzinotevera:
- Vasstil. Makatekiti anotambadza kwose kwose pamubhedha uye kushandisa zvachose zuva. Izvo zvisingakanganisi zveyo nzira ndiyo yakakosha yekuita kuti zvigadziriswe nehutsika uye midzi iyo inosunungura ivhu nekudiridza.
- On the trellis. Miti yacho yakasimwa mumitsara miviri, matanda anoiswa mukati, uye tambo trellis yakaiswa kwavari. Paunopindura mubvunzo iwoyo kuti ungakurira sei makuckoni nekukanda, zvakakosha kuziva kuti munyaya iyi zvakakosha kusarudza nzvimbo yakachengetedzwa kubva kumhepo uye zvinyorwa.
- Mubhare. Nzira yekutanga yekuchengetedza nzvimbo - kukura kwamakucheka mumabharari inofungidzirwa seyitsva, asi inowanzoshandiswa zvikuru pakati pevarimi nevarimi vemori. Iyo mbiya izere neuswa, manyowa, nyika inodururwa kubva kumusoro, kunwisa uye pasi inosara kumire kwevhiki. Zvadaro simai mbeu 5-8.
Mamiriro ezvinhu ekukura makucheka
Ikokoro issimu inopisa-moto, haigoni kushivirira frosts, kunyange kutonhora kwe + 10 ° C kungave kuchikuvadza. Utongi hwakanaka hwemiriwo ndewe 25-30 ° C uye humusi hausi pasi pe70-80%. Pachando chokupisa kwe + 15 ° C, kunoderedza kunonoka kwavo kukura. Kukura kwemakucheka muvhu rakazaruka kunowanzosunungurwa kwevhu uye kusweya masora. Vane ruzivo varimi varo vanosarudza kutora matanho maviri ekupedzisira kuburikidza nekuchera muvhu .
Kukura kwemakwenzi muvhu - kunwisa
Pasati yatanga nguva yezvinomera, mbeu yacho inofanira kunwa mvura yakakwana pamwero we 4-6 litres pa 1 m 2 shure kwemazuva 5-6, shrub inotumbuka uye ine michero inoda kunyoroveswa - 6-12 litres rimwe zuva rimwe nerimwe. Kunwisa kunofanira kuitwa nemvura inodziya uye chete manheru. Kuti urege kukuvadza iyo isina simba midzi, unofanirwa kushandisa mvura yekudiridza uye sprayers. Kukura nekutarisira makomkeri kunopera kwezhizha kunoreva kuderedza kuwanda kwekudiridza. Kuwandisa kwemhepo yakanyoro muvhu rakavhenekera kunogona kutungamirira pakuumbwa kwemidzi kuora.
Mazano ekukura makomkomini - kupfeka kupfeka
Nguva dzose hutachiza hunowanikwa mune zvakanyorwa zvemacheza ekurimisa makomkomera. Sezvo isina simba midzi, chimiro chinoda chimwe chimwe chezvinhu zvinobatsira, izvo zvakapfuma muhomwe inogadzirwa. Ikokutanga kupfeka kupfeka kunoitwa pakutanga kwemuva, panguva yekushanda kwemazuva - mazuva gumi nemashanu. Sekuita senzoro, iwe unogona kushandisa sarudzo yemadonheji e shiri (yakanatswa mumvura 1:20) kana mullein (muchiyero che1:10). Sezvaunokura pasi pemakwenzi unogona kudurura peat. Inobatsira nokuda kwekukanya uye kupfekesa kwepamusoro-kupisa-kupomera nemusarudzo chaiwo "Ovary" .
Kukura makemikari mubindu - zvirwere nezvirwere
Dambudziko rinowanzogadzirwa nemakango ndiro wireworms, aphids, dzinomera, tsanga dzomukati. Iwe unogona kurwisana navo nekurapa zvipembenene nemasango ("Fosbetsid", "Agravertin", "Phytoferm", "Carbophos"). Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekukura makomkete zvinoreva kudzivirira zvirwere zvakadai se powdery mildew, bacteriosis, anthracnose. Nokuda kwezvinangwa izvi, mbeu yekupfekedza inoitwa, apo zviratidzo zvekutanga zvechirwere zvinowonekwa, zvinomera zvinoshandiswa nemhinduro ye potassium permanganate, sulfaride, yakasaswa pasi sulfur.