Munguva yose yekugadzirisa nguva mwana wekusangana anokura uye anokura. Kuchinja kwakasiyana-siyana kunoitika mumuviri wake, kunowanzokonzera hutano hwehutano uye kuonekwa kwevakadzi vane pamuviri. Saka, masvondo makumi emanomwe ekudzivirira anogona kuendeswa nekuwedzera kwekutanga kwezvikamu zvemuviri nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwesatotropin.
Mavhiki masere ekuberekwa - izvi ndezvipi mwedzi yakawanda?
Vakadzi vane pamuviri vanofunga zuva roga roga rokutara mukufungidzira kusangana nemwana wavo. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, izwi iri pakutanga rinotarirwa nachiremba zvichienderana nekuenda kumwedzi. Kutanga ndiko zuva rokutanga rekupedzisira kwekubuda kwemwedzi. Akawanikwa semugumisiro wezviyero zvakadaro, izwi racho rinowanzoti obstetric (rinosiyana nekugadzirirwa kwevhiki mbiri).
Kazhinji, vanaamai vanotarisira vanofunga kubata pamuviri mwedzi. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, kune matambudziko mukushandura vhiki dzakarehwa nachiremba mumwedzi. Mukuita, kushandurwa kwamavhiki mumwedzi kwakajeka, kuziva zvikamu zvekutanga zvekuverenga kwakadaro. Vanachiremba vanogara vachitora mwedzi vakaenzana nemavhiki mana, uye nhamba yemazuva mauri ndeye 30, zvisinei nokuti yakawanda sei mumwedzi wekhalenda. Somugumisiro, zvinoitika kuti mavhiki makumi emanomwe ekudzivirira - mwedzi 4 nemasvondo matatu. Mushure memavhiki, mwedzi mitanhatu ichavamba uye gestation ichasvika ku "equator".
19 vhiki yekutakura - chii chinoitika kumucheche?
Mwana ari pa19 vhiki yekutakura ari kukura nokukurumidza. Iko kune kuchinja muCSS - kubatana kwemasero emagetsi kunoumbwa, ivhu reropi rinowedzera. Somugumisiro, kugadzirisa kwakanyanyisa kunowedzera kuoma, mitoo yemitambo ye fetus inowedzera: inowanzofamba nemakumbo nemakumbo, inobata chigunwe chechiko. Izvi zvinotsigirwa ne ultrasound.
Pane kuvandudzika kwekugadzirisa chirongwa chekudya. Mukati mumatumbo inotanga kuunganidza chigamba chek - meconium. Icho chinosanganisira chikamu chinoputika amniotic fluid, chinomedza mwana, uye masero akafa emutsipa. Kusangana kunoitika kusvikira pakuguma kwekuzvimba, uye kubudiswa kune kunze kunoonekwa chete mushure mekuonekwa kwecheche muchiedza. Tsitsi dzenguva ino dzinopa iyo yakagadzirwa urine kune amniotic fluid, iyo yakanyanyiswa neyamamai urinary system.
Fetal urefu uye uremu pavhiki makumi mana
Iyo fetus muvhiki ye19 yekutakura inoenderera mberi kukura uye kuwedzera uremu. Nhanho yezvibvumirano izvi uye maitiro eanthropometric zviratidzo zvinoenderana nechinzvimbo chekudya uye kudya kweamai vanouya. Zvinoratidzwa kuti kudya kwemafuta akawanda uye makhahydrates mukati memuviri kunotungamirira kukurumidza kwehuwandu hwechibereko. Vakadzi vazhinji vane pamuviri vane vanachiremba vanoremekedzwa vanokurudzira kunamatira kune kudya.
Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti kukura uye kuyerwa kwema fetus kunobatanidza nemunhu mumwechete wekusimudzirwa. Zvisinei, pakuita ultrasound, vanachiremba vanoteerera kwavari, vachienzanisa ukuru hwemwana nehutarisiro hunotarisirwa hwekuita pamuviri. Apo paine mavhiki makumi emasere ekuberekwa, muvhareji hurefu hwomukomana huri masendimita makumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi maviri nemasere (25-25 cm). Chiremera chemuviri wevana remangwana chinoshanduka uye panguva ino inenge 300 g.
Kuberekwa kwemavhiki masere - kukura kwe fetus
Apo pamuviri ari masvondo makumi mana, fetus inowedzera kusvika panzvimbo itsva. Chiitiko chikuru chevhiki ino ndechokupedzwa kwekuumbwa kweparcenta. Ichi chikamu chave chiri kushanda kwenguva yakareba, asi panguva ino chete denderedzwa rechitatu rekupararira kweropa riri kuumba. Kubva panguva ino, chigadziro chinopisa chinoshanda zvachose, kudzivirira fetus kubva pamigumisiro yezvirwere.
Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti placenta inoita mabasa mazhinji anokosha, pakati payo:
- Kuporesa - kupa mwana fetus ne oxygen.
- Trophic - zvinhu zvinobatsira zvinowanikwa kumucheche kuburikidza neparcenta.
- Kudzivirira - kuchenesa ropa raamai nehematoplacental barrier.
- Hormonal - inobatanidzwa muhuwandu hwemhomoni inofanirwa kuti kuve nekutswa kwema fetus nekukura kwayo.
Ko fetus inotaridzika sei mumavhiki makumi mana?
Mwana muvhiki ye19 yekusununguka kunochinja zvishoma. Ganda rinoputika richiri nerutsvuku, asi harina kufanana sezvakaitwa kare. Pamusoro pechiso chavo, girasi yakasviba inooneka zvishoma nezvishoma, iyo isingodziviriri ganda kubva pamagetsi eAmniotic fluid, asiwo inokurudzira kufamba kwe fetusal kuburikidza nezera rekuberekwa panguva yekuberekwa. Zuva roga roga kuisa mafuta kunowedzera. Panguva ino, kuunganidza kwayo kunoitika munzvimbo yeivo, mazamu. Utsi hwehutsetse hwemafuta hunowedzerawo pamatama, nekuda kwekuti mwana anotaridzika sechecheche.
19 vhiki yekudzivirira - kukurudzira
Zvinyorwa zvevhiki ye19 yekutakura zvinowedzera. Zvisinei, havasi vakadzi vose vane pamuviri vanogona kunzwa navo panguva ino. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, zvakafanana mumavhiki 19 ekuzvitakura zvakanyorerwa nevakadzi, vachitakura wechipiri nevana vanotevera. Vapamiti vanocherechedza kushanya kwekutanga kwe fetus pedyo nekupera kwevhiki. Panguva imwecheteyo, vanotsanangura manzwiro nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana: mumwe munhu anozvifananidza nechiedza chinoputika hove, mumwe munhu - kumhepo yeguruva.
Chiratidzo chinokosha chehupenyu hune hupenyu uye chimiro che fetus ndeyeuwandu hwekushungurudzika kwaanoita. Vanachiremba vanokurudzira kugadzirisa maitiro emabasa mukati mezuva uye kuverenga. Nguva yakakodzera yekucherechedza kwakadaro inguva yakabva maawa 9 kusvika ku19. Mwana ari pavhiki yegumi nemanomwe panguva iyi anofanirwa kuzviita kazhinji kanomwe. Kuderedza kana kuwedzerwa kwechiratidzo ichi chiratidzo chisina kujeka chekukanganisa kunogona kuitika uye zvinoda kuwedzera kuongororwa.
19 Vhiki yeKuberekwa - Chii Chichiitika kuna Amai?
Kutaura pamusoro pekupi kuchinja kunofambidzana nevhiki ye19 yekuzvitora, chii chinoitika kune mhuka yemamangwana, vanachiremba vanocherechedza kuwedzera kwekukura. Ichi chiratidzo chinoenderana nezvimwe zvinhu, saka zvinogona kusiyana. Pakati pacho, panguva ino uremu hwemuviri wemukadzi ane pamuviri hunowanikwa ne 4-5 kg kana uchienzaniswa neyokutanga. Mukuwedzera, zvinokwanisika kuwedzera humwe nhengo dzomuviri wemangwana amai.
19 vhiki yehutano inofambidzana nekukura nokukurumidza kwema fetus, iyo inokonzerwa nekuwedzera kwema hormone ye somatotropin. Inopindawo mumuviri wemubereki, ichikurumidza kufanana kweDNA neRNA mumasero. Somugumisiro wezviitiko zvakadaro, vakadzi voga voga vanocherechedza kuwedzera kwakakura mumhino, nzeve, neminwe mumaoko pavhiki ye19 yekutora. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti mushure mokuberekwa kwecheche zvinhu zvose zvinodzokera kune zvinoyevedza uye zvinotakura kukura kwakafanana.
19 vhiki yekutakura - kunzwa kwemukadzi
Penguva yekuzvitakura kwevhiki makumi masere, kufambiswa kwe fetus uye kunzwa kweamai vanotarisira kunobatana nekutama kwekutanga kwechecheche. Pakutanga ivo havanzwisisiki, vane uwandu hwakadzika uye huwandu, saka havasi vose vakadzi vane pamuviri vanozviona. Muchizamu chechivako pane zvakawanda zvekugara pasina, mwana anogona kufamba nyore nyore uye nguva nenguva anogunzva rusvingo rwechiberekero pamwe nesabata kana gumbo. Vakadzi vane pamuviri vanocherechedza kuti panguva ino mwana ane bhaorhythm yake pachavo: pane imwe nguva yezuva iye anoshanda nesimba, mune imwe - anorara zvakawanda.
Belly pa19 vhiki yekubata
Chibereko muvhiki ye19 yekuberekwa, kunyanya chaizvo, pasi payo iri 18-19 cm pamusoro pekutaura kumwe chete. Sezvo fetus inokura, muviri unowedzera, kunyanya kumusoro. Nevhiki imwe neimwe, kukwirira kwehumi hwe uterine fundus huchawedzera nemasendimita 1. Chimiro chemuviri chinoramba chiripo, hunovhu hunotanga kumira kunze zvishoma nekuda kwekuwedzera kwehukuru.
Somugumisiro wekuwedzera mukati mamuviri, iyo nzvimbo yekubwinya kunochinja. Mukadzi anotanga kufamba, achizendamira shure. Panguva imwecheteyo, mararamiro emukadzi ane pamuviri anochinja: paanenge achifamba, muviri wose wemuviri unogoverwa kune gumbo rinotsigira. Kunze, ruzivo rwakadaro runofanana nedha, uye, kuona mukadzi kunyange kubva kumashure, tinogona kutaura nechivimbo kuti anotakura mwana.
Kugoverwa pamasvondo makumi masere ekuberekwa
Vhiki yegumi nemapfumbamwe yekuberekwa inogona kuendeswa nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwekudzivirira kwemudzimai. Kazhinji vanowedzera uye vanowedzera mvura. Zvisinei, ruvara rwavo harusi kuchinja. Kazhinji, ichi chinhu chakajeka kana chichena chekudzivirira, izvo zvisina kunhuhwirira kwakashata (pane dzimwe nguva pane zvishoma zvinonzwisisika sourish tinge). Chero kuchinja kupi maererano nemuvara, kusagadzikana, kunhuhwira kwezvinyorwa zvinoda kushanyira kuchiremba. Mukurwisana nemamiriro ezvinhu ekudzivirirwa kwepachiviriro munharaunda, pangava nekuwedzera kwezvirwere zvisingaperi zvisingakanganisa gestation.
Marwadzo pavhiki yekusvitsa kwe19
Kana mwedzi wechishanu wekudzivirira wapera, mukadzi angaona kuonekwa kwenguva nenguva kwekunzwa kunorwadza mudumbu rezasi. Zvisinei, hazvina basa uye ndezvishoma kuti vakadzi vazhinji vane pamuviri havasi kukosha kwavari. Iyi ndiyo nzira yekudzidzira kurwisana nayo pachavo. Zvinomiririra kuderedza uterine myometrium, iyo isingatungamiri pakutanga kwebasa. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, chiitiko ichi chinonyangarika pachako kana nzvimbo yepamuviri yemuviri ichichinja.
Nekuwedzera kwekukura kwehukuru nekukura kwe fetus, mutoro pamakumbo unowedzera. Apo mavhiki makumi emanomwe ekudzivirira, vakadzi vakawanda vanoona kurwadziwa nekurwadziwa mumakumbo emhuru, tsoka dzinowedzera manheru, mushure mekufamba kwenguva refu kana mutoro. Mukurwisana nemamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, marwadzo kumashure uye kumashure kumashure kunogoneka. Kuti kuderedze kuwanda kwemaitiro avo, vanachiremba vanopa zano:
- Zorora nekuisa mutezo kana kuputika pasi petsoka dzako, uchivapa nzvimbo yakakwirira.
- Kupfeka shangu pachitsiko chinokurumidza, siya zvitsitsinho.
Kuchengetedza kwemavhiki masere ekudzivirira
Ultrasound yemasvondo makumi 19 ekuzvitakura ndiyo yechipiri inomiridzo yekudzidza (inenge yakazara, ultrasound inowanikwa kanenge katatu panguva yekuita muviri). Inobatsira kuziva chimiro che fetus, zviitiko zvekukura kwayo, nzvimbo munzvimbo ye uterine, mhando uye nzvimbo ye placenta. Kutenda nenzira iyi, vanachiremba vanogona kuongorora zvirwere zvinogona kuitika, kubudirira kusina kunaka, congenital anomalies. Mukuwedzera, vanoteerera kuhutano hwemucheche. Maitiro ezviratidzo zvikuru anopiwa mutafura.
Njodzi pavhiki yekutanga yekubata pamuviri
Chegumi chechipiri kazhinji chinowanzosimbiswa. Kushungurudzika uye zvinetso panguva ino hazvishamisi. Zvisinei, pane dzimwe nguva, nguva yekuzvitakura kwemavhiki makumi mashanu nemashanu inogona kuendeswa nehutano hwakadai sekuita pamuviri kunopera. Nekuputsa uku, pane kuwedzera kana, pane kudaro, kuderera kwemaitiro emotokari yenguva yemberi mwana, iyo inofanira kuva chikonzero chokuonana nachiremba. Pakati peimwe njodzi dzenguva iyi:
- uterine kubuda ropa;
- placental abruption ;
- placenta previa.