Kunze nekuongororwa kwepamusoro tinogona kudana nyika yedu yakawirirana uye yakarongeka. Izvozvi, mairi, mumitemo yakawanda, pane kusaziva uye mhirizhonga. Vazivi vezviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana vakaratidzika pane izvi ndokuuya kune zvinonakidza uye zvisingawanzo kugadziriswa.
Chii chisingareveki chinoreva?
Izwi rokuti absurdity rinobva pa lat. zvisinganzwisisiki, "discordant, zvisiri izvo". Anoshandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu apo vanoda kuratidzira kuvhiringidzika kwemashoko kana chii chiri kuitika. Nokupa kududzirwa kwechinhu chisingarevi uye chisingarevi zvinoreva, vamwe vazivi vanoenda kune zvinoreva kusina maturo. Iyi nzira haina kururama, nokuti pasi pisinganzwisisiki, zvinonyanya kururamisa kunzwisisa zvinyorwa zvisingatakure mutoro wechimiro: "Windows, mazuva akamira." Kusuruvara ishoko rinotakura pfungwa mukati mawo, asi hazvina kururama, rinopesana: "Baba vangu havana kumbova nevana."
Nzira yekusaziva inobudirira inoshandiswa mumutsika, uko inogona kuwana zvimwe zvinoreva. Nekubatsira kwekusakanganisika munyori anogona kuita kuti muverengi afunge zvakasiyana, uye muimbi anotungamirira kunzwisisa kwatsva kwemimhanzi. Muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, shoko risingadikanwi rinogona kuva nechinangwa chekusaziva, kusina maturo, kukanganisa, kusingagumi, kukwana, kudarika kwekufunga, nhema, unyengeri.
Philosophy yeAsmurd
Uzivi hwekusaziva kwakaratidzwa pakati pezana remakore rechi19. Muvambi waro ndiye muzivi weDanish Søren Kierkegaard. Kusuruvara mune uzivi ndechekusimbisa kusakosha kwehupenyu hwevanhu. Mifungo pamusoro pekusava nehupenyu hwehupenyu yakafuridzirwa nehutano hwemagariro evanhu, kurwisana uye hondo. Absurdism yaimiririrwa mumabasa aCamus, Nietzsche, Dostoevsky, Berdyaev.
Ififiyopiyo yeusina hanya yakanga yakabva pakuti munhu haagoni kuwana chinangwa chehupenyu. Zvose zvakatsvaga zvakatungamirira kumagariro maviri:
- pano pasi pano hazvibviri kuwana chinangwa chekuvapo, sezvo zvinhu zvose zvinouya;
- hupenyu hwemunhu mumwe nomumwe hunotsanangurwa nemasimba akakwirira, munhu ari chiputi chete uye anogona kungozadza kusava nemanzwiro nekutenda uye edza kuyananidza nezvinorehwa kwaari kubva kumusoro.
Psychology of the absurd
Kubva pakuona kwekufunga kwepfungwa, kukanganisa kwakakwana kune izvo zvidzidzo, zviitiko, pfungwa dzisina kujairika kwatiri, hazvina kukodzera kunzwisisa kwedu. Kusuruvara kunoshandiswa nezvikoro zvepfungwa zvezvinangwa izvi:
- "Kuvhiringidzika - hakurevi kukanganisa" -kugadzirisa uku kunoshandiswa nenyanzvi dzepfungwa yekuwedzera miganhu yekuziva kwevanhu vari mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma kana anooma;
- Nzira dzisinganzwisisiki dzinoshandiswa kuvandudza mano evanhu ekufunga;
- kuunza mamiriro kana mamiriro ezvinhu kusvika pakusaziva kunobatsira munhu kurarama nekuzvidya mwoyo kana kuora mwoyo .
Kusuruvara kwechiKristu
Kutaura pamusoro pekusaziva muChiKristu kunogona kungoitika pamusana pekunyatsodzidza nyaya iyi. Pakutanga, munhu haagoni kuwana chimwe chinhu chisingaoneki muBhaibheri, asi zvizere zvakakwana zvezvinhu zvisingazivikanwi uye zvinopesana. Zvisinei, Bhaibheri harina kumbove riri bhuku risina kujeka uye rinogoneka. Kusiya kwebhaibheri kunosanganisira nguva dzakadaro:
- MuTesitamende yekare zvinonzi "ziso neziso uye zino nezino", uye muNew - Christ inotaura kuti tinofanira kuda vadzivisi vedu uye tatsiva chechi chechipiri.
- Nyaya yaJona, uyo akadyiwa neve whale. Muporofita akagara mumutumbi wewhale kwemazuva matatu, mushure mokunge whale akamubudisira kunze mumhepo.
- Mwari anopa murairo "Usaponda," asi panguva imwechete inopa mirairo kuvaJudha kuparadza madzinza emapagan akavakidzana nevanhu.
Absurd zvitendero
Kunyange zvazvo chitendero chinokanganisa zviitiko zvepamweya zvakadzama uye zvinobatanidzwa nekutenda muna Mwari, kunyange kunyengera kwakapinda munharaunda iyi. Zvitendero zvisinganzwisisiki ndezvekushamisika kusingazivikanwi kwezvitendero, machechi uye mafungiro:
- Chechi yeChgenius yakabatana kutenda muUFO, pop tsika uye machechi akawanda.
- Movement of Prince Philip. Vatsigiri vechitendero ichi vanoona Mutongi weEdinburgh semunhu waMwari.
- Chechi yeEuthanasia. Vateereri vesangano iri reAmerica vanoparidza kuzviuraya, kubvisa pamuviri, kushaya ropa uye kunyadzisa.
Mitemo inonyanya kushamisa munyika
Munyika kune mitemo yakawanda, iyo yakakwana iyo inogona kutumidzwa mubvunzo. Vamwe vavo havana hanya chete pakutanga, asi pakunyora kwavo pane zvikonzero zvechokwadi. Zvimwe hazvishanduki, asi hazvina kubviswa kubva pane zvakanyorwa mumitemo. Muboka rechitatu rinowira mitemo, tsananguro inonzwisisika iyo yakaoma kuwana. Mitemo inonyanya kushamisa inogona kuwanikwa munyika dzakadaro:
- MuCanada, mupurovhinzi yeN Novaya Scotia, hazvigoneki kunwisa mvura yakasviba pashure pemvura, uye mupurovhinzi yeQuebec kurambidzwa kwekutengesa yellow margarine.
- Mapurisa eSouth Korea aifanira kunyorera kuti zviokomuhomwe zvakadini zvavakagamuchira nekuda kwekuchinja.
- MuDenmark, kupunyuka kwejeri kunobvumirwa.
- Muguta reBaltimore, Maryland, hazvisi pamutemo kuenda kumitambo nekambani yeshumba.
- Muguta reSt. Louis, Missouri, zvakanakisa kuti usagara pamugwagwa wepamberi newaini yewaini. Ikoko, vanunura havagone kubatsira mukadzi kana akashama.
- Muhurumende yeNebraska, zvinorambidzwa kubata nyangadzi. Zvinofadza kuti hurumende haina ruzivo rwegungwa kana yegungwa. Munzvimbo imwe chete iyo inorambidzwa kutengesa mabheji kubva kubhagel.
- MuAndorra, basa regweta rakawira pasi pemutemo.
- MuSingapore, haugone kufamba pasina nguo, kunyange mumba mako.
- Alabama icharangwa nekufambisa motokari nemaputi.