Kunyange kubva kubhenchi yechikoro, tinoyeuka kuti nzvimbo yakakwirira yepasi redu ndiyo Everest. Ngatitsvakei kuti ndeipi iyo nzvimbo yegomo iri iripo, uye ndezvipi zvinonakidza zvakabatana nazvo.
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Ndepi musangano weEverest?
Gomo reEverest, kana, sezvarinonzi mune imwe nzira, Jomolungma ndeimwe yemisoro yegomo reHemalaya . Hazvibviri kutumidza chaizvo iyo nyika iyo Gomo reEverest riripo, sezvo iri pamhenderekedzo yeNeepal neChina. Zvinotendwa kuti nhamba yepamusoro yepamusoro ichiri yeChina, kana kuti kunyanya chaizvo - kuTibet Autonomous Region . Panguva imwecheteyo, mutsetse wakasimba kwazvo wegomo uri kumaodzanyemba, uye Everest pachake ane chimiro chepiramidi ine zviso zvitatu.
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Everest akatumidzwa mukuremekedza weChirungu, uyo akaita chikamu chikuru pakudzidza geodey munharaunda iyi. Zita rechipiri - Jomolungma - gomo rakagamuchirwa kubva kumutauro weTibetan "qomo ma mapapu", zvinoreva kuti "Amai vane hupenyu hwehupenyu". Nzvimbo yepamusoro yePasi ine zita rechitatu - Sagarmatha, iro rinoshandurwa kubva mumutauro weNepalese - "Amai veMwari". Izvi zvinopupurira kuti vagari vekare veTibet neNepal vakafunga kuti mavambo egomo rakakwirira rakadaro kwete chete kuratidzwa kwehuMwari hwakakwirira.
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Kana iri kureba kweGomo reEverest, iri chaizvo 8848 m - ichi ndicho chimiro chepamutemo chinotarisa kukwirira kwegomo iri pamusoro pegungwa. Inosanganisirawo mahara, apo hurefu hwegomo redombo rakasimba rinosvika zvishoma - 8844 m.
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Wokutanga kukunda uku kukwirira kwaiva mugari weNew Zealand E. Hillary neSherp (vagari venharaunda yeJomolungma muNepal) T. Norgay muna 1953. Mushure mezvo, zvinyorwa zvakawanda zvekukwira kuEverest zvakagadziridzwa: nzira yakaoma zvikuru, kukwira pasina kushandisa oxygen cylinders, nguva yakareba yekugara kumusoro, nguva yeuduku (makore gumi nematanhatu) uye yekare (makore makumi mana) anokunda Everest nevamwe.
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Nzira yekuenda kuEverest?
Iye zvino mava kuziva kare kuti Everest iri kupi. Asi kuenda kune iyo hakusi nyore sezvinoratidzika pakutanga. Chokutanga pane zvose, kuitira kuti iwe usimudzire kumusoro kwepasi, zvakakosha nenzira chaiyo yekunyora mumugwagwa uye kumirira kwemakore mashoma. Nzira yakajeka yekuita izvi yakafanana nechikamu chekufambisa kubva kune imwe yezvikwata zvepamabhizimisi zvakasiyana-siyana: vanopa zvinhu zvakakodzera, kudzidzisa uye vanovimbisa kuchengeteka kwevamwe vanenge vachikwira panguva yakasimuka. Vose veChinese uye zviremera zveNepaline vanobhadhara zvakanaka kune avo vanoda kukunda Gomo reEverest: kudarika kusvika kune netsoka yegomo uye mvumo yokuti kuwedzera kunotevera kuchadhura kudikanwa kweanenge anenge makumi emakumi matanhatu emadhora eMelika!
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Mukuwedzera kune mari yakawanda yemari, iwe uchafanira kupedza mwedzi miviri yekugadzirisa, kudikanwa kwakadzika kwekudzidzira uye kuzvigadzirisa. Inofanirawo kutarirwa mupfungwa kuti kukwira kwakachengeteka kune Gomo reEverest kunogoneka pane dzimwe nguva dzegore: kubva munaMarch kusvika paMay uye kubva munaSeptember kusvika pakupera kwaOctober. Mamwe ose egore munzvimbo iyo Gomo reEverest riripo, kune zvakanyanya kusagamuchirwa nepamusoro pemamiriro ekunze.
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Nhoroondo yekukwira kuJomolongmu inoziva zvinopfuura 200 zviitiko zvinotyisa. Vose vanotanga uye vatyairi vengarava vakafa pavaiedza kukurira musangano. Zvimwe zvikonzero zvikuru zveiyi mamiriro okunze akaipa (pamusoro pegomo iri kutonhora kunodonha pasi -60 ° C, mhepo inoputika mumhepo), inonyanya kushamisa mhepo yemakomo, mazai echando uye chando. Kunyange zviitiko zvekufa kwemafambiro eGomo reEverest inozivikanwa. Kunyanya kunetseka kunofungidzirwa kuva chikamu chetsime rakanyanyisa rwenzira, apo mamiriyoni 300 chete anoramba ari kumusoro: inonzi "makiromita akareba kupfuura ose pasi".
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