Muchitendero cheBuddhist, zvinonzi munhu wese anoda kuwana hukama hwakanaka uye hunofadza. Kudzidza kuti chii chinonzi nirvana uye kuti ungapinda sei, vateveri vekumaodzanyemba kwemafiropi vanoedza kubatanidzwa neAsia uye vanopinda mumamiriro ezvinhu akafara.
Nirvana - chii ichi?
Pfungwa ye nirvana inobva kuEfrica philosophy. Dzakashandurwa kubva mumutauro wekare wechiIndia, shoko rokuti "nirvana" rinoreva "kupera, kupera". Asi zvakasiyana nevekuMadokero kunzwisisa muEastern Eastern philosophy, pfungwa dzekurega uye kuparara dzinopa chirevo chakanaka. Zvinoreva kubvisa matambudziko, kusuruvara, kutambura uye kurwisana nguva dzose kwehupenyu. Nirvana inzvimbo umo pfungwa dzomunhu dzinowana unhu hutsva. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, uropi hunowana rusununguko kubva mumangariro, kuzvidya mwoyo, zvido. Kuvonga munhu uyu nyika itsva uye kunzwisisa kwehupenyu kunovhura.
Chii chinonzi nirvana muBuddhism?
Izwi re nirvana muBuddhism nderimwe rematambudziko akawanda. Tsanangudzo chaiyo yezwi iri haikwanisi kupa kunyange nheyo inotendwa yechitendero ichi Buddha Shakyamuni. Mukutaura kwake, anongotaura zvakananga nirvana, achipindura pamusoro pake, sehurumende umo pfungwa dzakawanda nemanzwiro zvinopera. Kunyangwe mumanzwisisiro eEurope nirvana inobatana zvikuru nekunzwa kwemufaro uye mufaro wakafara, tateguru weBuddhism haana kumbotaura nirvana pamwe chete nekufara uye kufara.
Nirvana muBuddhism ndiyo inopikisa yevhiri re samsara , iyo yatinonzwisisa nyika yezviitiko, zvido, kutambudzika. Nirvana haibatanidzwi nemanzwiro uye manzwiro , zvinopfuura kupfuura zvinowanzoitika, kushandura pfungwa dzevanhu kune imwe nyika. Pakati peBuddhist hapana kujekesa kwemazwi aya. Kazhinji, Nirvana inorapwa seyiyi:
- nzvimbo yekunyarara kwakakwana inogona kuwanikwa muhupenyu huno kuburikidza nemigariro yekufungisisa nguva dzose;
- mamiriro omunhu shure kwekufa.
Nirvana - Philosophy
Nirvana ndeimwe yepfungwa huru muBuddhist neHindu philosophy, asi hapana imwechete uye yakananga pfungwa yeiyo nirvana. Zvinotendwa kuti ichi ndicho chinangwa chekupedzisira icho mweya wese unoedza. Nirvana inobatsira kuputsa kuronga kwekuberekwa patsva uye kubatana nemweya wakakwirira. Nirvana mufilosofi yeJainism ndiyo mamiriro emweya iyo yakapfuurira muviri wenyama uye miviri ye samsara. Sekuvandudzwa kweBuddha, nirvana yakatanga kuonekwa semhedziso, iyo munhu angakwanisa kuedza, asi iyo yakaoma kubudirira.
Aina dzeNirvana
Nirvana yeBuddhist haina dudziro chaiyo. Mune izvi, mhando dzakawanda dze nirvana dzinozivikanwa:
- mamiriro ekufunga-nguva pfupi, umo munhu anonzwa kuzorora kusinganzwisisi uye anogamuchira chiedza;
- zvinokosha - mamiriro ekujekeswa akawanikwa munguva yehupenyu nekuputsa denderedzwa rekushandura karmic;
- husingaperi, kana yechokwadi-inzvimbo inokosha iyo iwe unogona kungova nayo mushure mekufa kwenyama.
Zvinorevei kuwana nirvana?
Mune vanhu vasina kufarira mafirosofi ekuEastern, kufambiswa kweNirvana kunobatanidza nekuwana mafungiro akanaka kwazvo. Mukunzwisisa kwevanhu ava, mukova weNirvana unobatana nekuwana zvemufaro. Nyanzvi yeEastern Europe inopindura mubvunzo uyu zvakasiyana. Vateveri veBuddhism neJainism vanodavira kuti kusvika kune nirvana zvinoreva kupinda mune hurumende itsva umo pasina matambudziko uye zvakaitika. Mumamiriro eNirvana, munhu anozviona ari chikamu chenyika uye ari mukuzorora kwakakwana.
Nzira yekuenda nayo kuNirvana
Vashandi veBuddhism vemakore akasiyana vane maonero akasiyana pamusoro pekunzwisisa nirvana. Vamwe vaBuddha vanotenda kuti nirvana haigoneki kuvanhu vari samsara. Vamwe vanoti munhu mumwe nomumwe anofanira kunzwa nirvana muhupenyu hwake, kana zvisina kudaro achafanira kurarama humwe upenyu humwe. Vatsigiri veshoko iri vanopa mazano ekupinda nirvana. Aya mazano achakubatsira kudzidza kudzivirira uye kudzora pfungwa dzako. Ichi chichava chikwata chakanaka chekufungisisa kusvika kune imwe nyika ye nirvana:
- Kudzora kufema . Kutanga iwe unofanirwa kunzwa manzwiro anoita mhepo kuburikidza nemuviri wose. Zvadaro funga nezvekufema. Munyika iyi mutumbi unoderedza, mweya wekuyerera unosiya.
- Kunyudzwa kuzere mubasa . Kuti tive nemamiriro ezvinhu enyika nirvana, munhu anofanira kudzidza kuisa pfungwa pane basa iro munhu anoita. Somuenzaniso, kana akaverenga, ipapo pfungwa dzose dzinofanira kunge dziri pamusoro pezvaakaverenga.
- Tevera nguva nezviitiko . Usanamatira pane izvo zvave zvadarika. Zvakakosha kutevera zviitiko zvemazuva ano, funga nezvazvo uye urarame mazviri.
Pose paunopinda nirvana
Mumubvunzo wekuwana sei nirvana, iyo pose inokosha. Vatangi vekutanga ndivo vakanakisa kutanga nejasi rakakura, nokuti inokubvumira kugadzirisa muviri wemunhu muhutano hwakanaka. Kunyange zvazvo nirvana inowanikwa mune imwe nzvimbo, zvinokosha kusarudza iyo iyo iyo munhu asingakwanisi kurara paanenge achizorora. Nhamba yejenya inosanganisira zvinhu zvakadai:
- Mushure unofanira kunge wakarurama;
- mafudzi akajeka;
- chitsitsinho chegumbo rimwe chiri pamumwe wechiuno uye zvakasiyana, zvitsitsinho zvinofanira kuchengetedzwa pedyo nedumbu;
- maoko akazununguka uye zvishoma zvakanamatira pamakumbo;
- mapende akazaruka;
- pasi pemabviko zviri nani kuisa mutsutso muduku;
- mutumbi unonamatira mberi.