Mubvunzo wekuti Ego chii, inogona kuonekwa pamberi pevanhu vose vakawana shoko rokuti "udyire". Izvi ndezvekushandurana uku kuti pfungwa iyi inowanzoonekwa nenzira yakamanikana uye isina kunaka. Ichokwadi, pfungwa yeEgo ine zvakadzama uye zvinonyanya kukosha.
Chii chinonzi hupenyu hwevanhu?
Kuti unzwisise izvo Ego zvinoreva, zvakakosha kudzokera kune zvikoro zvakasiyana-siyana zvepfungwa. Asi kunyange munyaya iyi tichanowana pfungwa yekufungidzira yechinhu ichi chisina kunaka cheunhu hwedu. Pamusoro pehupenyu hwako, huzhinji hwekufunga hunogona kuwanikwa mune zvepfungwa. Kazhinji kazhinji, izwi iri rinoreva chimiro chemukati chemunhu anoziva kutarisa, kubata mumusoro, kuongorora kwenyika yakapoteredza uye kushamwaridzana neshamwari.
Varume nevakadzi Ego inobatsira vanhu kuti vazviparadzanise kubva kune zvakatipoteredza, kuti vazvione sega uye munhu ari oga. Panguva imwecheteyo, ndinoedza kuchengetedza munhu kubata nenyika inondipoteredza, ndibatsire kunzwisisa zviri kuitika kwandiri uye nekuita zvisarudzo zvezviito zvakakosha. Muhupenyu hwose, chikamu ichi chemunhu chinokwanisa kuchinja uye kuwedzera, kana munhu achiita basa rekukura mumweya.
Chii chinonzi Ego chikuru?
Mhedziso yeEgo yakakura kana yakakwirira inoreva nzvimbo yeesotericism. Iko Ego yakakwirira ndiko kunamata kwemunhu, unhu hunobva kuna Mwari hunoitwa mukugadzirisa nyaya dzakakwirira dzezvemweya. Munhu wese anogara pasi redu anozvarwa ari chinangwa chekugutsa zvido zvake uye zvido zvake. Chinhu chinoderera chinosimudzira munhu kuti ave mutengi, kuti ararame nekudhura kwevamwe, achitsigira muviri wake. Iyo yakaderera pane yega ndiyo inokonzera matambudziko ose: godo, nhema, utsinye, makaro.
Kusiyana nechomukati chemukati chemukati, Ego yakakwirira inoda kuendesa mberi kweunhu uye muviri nekubatana nezvose. Minyengetero, mantras, kudzidzira maitiro uye mamwe maitiro emweya anobatsira Ego kuwana chinangwa chitsva, kuwedzera nekukura. Panguva ino munhu anowana zvinangwa zvakakwirira, anotanga kuona vamwe sevanhu vari pedyo. Panguva imwechete iyo unhu hunoshanduka, mweya unopenya, humweya, uye zvachose.
Izvo zvakanaka here kana zvakaipa?
Ego yevanhu ndiyo chikamu chinokosha chehutano hweunhu . Pasina iyo, kuvapo kwevanhu akadaro hakugoneki. Hazvina mhosva, mukomana Ego kana mukadzi, inobatsira kunzwisisa nyika yekunze nekuiongorora kubva pakuona kwekukosha kumunhu. Kutenda kumunhu womukati, munhu mumwe nomumwe anofamba-famba kunyika, anowana nzvimbo yake uye basa, uye nevatano nevanopoteredza vanhu.
Nezvo zvakanaka kuti uve nego yako pachako kana zvakaipa, iwe unogona kutaura chete maererano nehuwandu hwekuvandudza kwechinhu ichi uye mabasa makuru avakatora ivo pachavo. Kana nyika inotitenderera inongoratidzika sechikwata chekuzadzisa zvatinoda, saka tinogona kutaura kuti ego inokurudzirwa pahutano husina simba. Iyo yakanyatsokurudzirwa "Ini" inoedza kuva chikamu chenyika, saka inofunga kwete kwete zvido zvevanhu, asiwo zvinodiwa nevamwe.
Chii chinonzi Ego-chizivi?
Ego-chimiro chinhu chinonyanya kukosha chepfungwa ye psychoanalyst Erik Erikson. Mune mabasa ake, psychoanalyst inoratidza humwe-huzivi sechikamu chinokosha chekuumbwa uye kubudirira kwehupenyu hwomunhu oga. Izwi iri rinowanzokonzera manzwiro, kwete chikonzero, naizvozvo inowanzoshandiswa mune zvepfungwa dzepfungwa. Ego-huzivi ndehuperera hwepfungwa dzevanhu , umo maitiro akasiyana-siyana evanhu uye evanhu vanogona kubatanidzwa.
I-chimiro chinobudirira pakuvandudza zvakanakisisa kana munhu aine chivimbo mumararamiro ehupenyu uye kuzvisarudzira muzvikamu zvitatu: zvematongerwe enyika, basa, chitendero. Kusava nechokwadi kwevanhu kunotungamirira kukurudzirwa kwehutano hwemunhu. Iyo yakanyanya kunyanya pakati pematambudziko ndeyechiri kuyaruka, iyo basa rayo ndeyokuunza munhu anokura kumunhu mutsva wekuziva uye kuzviona.
Ego - psychology
Iko mukati Ego nguva dzose iri pakati pekutarisa kwevamiriri ve psychoanalysis. Iyi chikamu chepfungwa dzevanhu chaifungidzirwa pamwe neOno (Id) uye Super-I (Super-Ego). Muvambi weiyo pfungwa ndeye Sigmund Freud, uyo aifunga kuti simba rekufambisa kwehupenyu hunotungamira uye zvisikwa. Vateveri vake - A. Freud, E. Erickson naE. E. Hartmann - vaidavira kuti yego ndiyo chinhu chakazvimirira kupfuura Freud inonzi uye inonyanya kukosha.
Freud's Ego chii?
Ego Freud ndiyo sangano rakarongeka mune zvepfungwa iro rinokonzera kuvimbika kwayo, sangano nekuyeuka. Maererano naFrud, "Ini" ndinotsvaka kuchengetedza psyche kubva mumamiriro ezvinhu asingafadzi uye zviyeuchidzo. Kuti uite izvi, inoshandisa nzira dzokudzivirira. Ego ndiyo murevereri pakati peId uye Super-Ego. Ndinofunga nezvemashoko kubva kuIi, ndinoidzorera zvakare uye ndinoita maererano neshoko rakagamuchirwa. Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti ego ndiye mumiriri weIdhi uye mutinhiriri wayo kune imwe nyika.
Ego - chirevo cheErickson
Ego Psychology yeErickson, kunyange yakavakwa pamusana pebasa raFrud, zvisinei zvakadaro raive nekusiyana kukuru. Kunyanya kusimbiswa kwechirevo chacho kwakaiswa panguva dzenguva. Basa reEgo, maererano naErickson, inofanirwa kukura munhu oga. Ndiri kukwanisa kukura, kukudziridza hupenyu hwangu hwose, kururamisa kukura kusina kururama kwepfungwa uye kubatsira kurwisana kwepakati pemakakatanwa. Kunyangwe Erikson uye akagovera Ego sechinhu chakasiyana, asi panguva imwechete inofunga kuti haina zvisingabvumirane nehutano hwevanhu uye humwe hutsika hwehumwe.
Mune dzidziso yake yekusimudzira, E. Erickson anonyanya kusimbisa nguva yehuduku. Iyi nguva yenguva refu inobvumira munhu kukura mupfungwa uye kuwana chikonzero chakanaka chekuwedzera kuzvivandudza. Kuvhiringidza kwehuduku, maererano neasayendisiti, ndicho chiitiko chezvinhu zvisingafungi, kuzvidya mwoyo, kutya kunobatsira kunaka kwekufambira mberi.
Chokwadi uye chenhema Ego
Chikamu chechokwadi uye chenhema Eg harisi kushandiswa kune zvepfungwa, asi zvinobva kune dzidziso dzakatsanangurwa mumabhuku ekare eIndia - iVedas. Mune zvinyorwa izvi mumwe anogona kuwana kumwe kunzwisisa kwezvakanyorwa. Maererano nedzidziso iyi, nhema Ego chinhu chinobatsira munhu kunzwisisa uye kurarama munyika yepanyama. Ichi simba chinokonzera mumunhu izvo zvido uye zvinokurudzira zvakakosha pakupona nekunyaradzwa kweavo uye vanhu vake vepedyo. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, ichi chinhu chinonziwo egoism.
Ichokwadi Ego inopfuurira mberi kwemiganhu yehupenyu uye kuzvida, inobatsira kubhadhara nyika dzakapoteredza, kunzwa zvinetso zvayo, kubatsira vanhu. Upenyu, hunobva pane zviito nemafungiro anobuda kubva muChokwadi chechokwadi, inova yakajeka uye yakachena. Kukunda egoism uye kurarama, kutevera chokwadi che "I", nemasimba ayo hazvibviri. Nheyo dzehupenyu uhwu rudo rwakakwirira kwazvo rwaMwari.
Nzira dzokudzivirira dze ego
Muvambi wenyanzvi yekuzvidzivirira ndeye Z. Freud. Mumabasa ezvesayenzi, akataura nezvenzira dzokuchengetedza, senzira yekuchengetedza psyche kubva pakumanikidzwa kwei id uye superego. Iyi nzira dzinoshanda pahutano husingazivi uye dzinotungamirira pakukanganisa kwechokwadi. Freud inosarudzwa kunze kwekudzivirirwa kwakadaro:
- kudzvinyirira - kubvisa kubva mumurangariro ruzivo runotambudza psyche kana rwusingafadzi;
- kuratidzwa - kuendeswa kwemafungiro uye zvido kune mumwe munhu;
- kushandiswa - kutamisa kusateerera kwakaipa kubva kumunhu mumwechete uyo akaita kuti kuitika kune mumwe;
- rationalization - tsanangudzo yemafambiro asingagamuchirwi kubva pakuona kwemafungiro nenzira yakadaro iyo tsika yakatanga kuonekwa seyakagamuchirwa kana yega inogona;
- Kudzora - kudzokera kune mufambiro unhu hwekuyaruka;
- sublimation - kurongedza mafungiro anokonzera kusagadzikana kuita mabasa anogamuchirwa nevanhu;
- Dzidzo yekusagadzikana ndeye kuratidzika kwehutano zvakananga nekupesana nezvido izvo munhu ane;
- kuramba - kuramba kuona zviitiko zvisingafadzi kana pfungwa.
Nzira yekuwana sei Ego?
Munhu wekuzvarwa anozvarwa nekuonekwa kweiye munhu munyika ino. Muhupenyu hwose, inogona kuchinja hutungamiri, kuberekwa patsva kubva pakuzvida kwega kuzvikwirira. Varume nevakadzi Ego vanoda kutarisirwa kwepasi rose pachavo, sezvo inofunga kuti ndiyo inzvimbo yeChina. Zvitendero zvevanhu vakasiyana vanobvumirana kuti hazvigoneki kusakwanisa kukunda hupenyu husina hanya hunofanana nehumwe simba rako pachako. Iwe unogona kutarisana nayo chete nekubatsirwa kwesimba raMwari risina simba. Iwe unogona kuwana munhu wepamusoro kuburikidza nekugara uchiita zvekunamata, kuverenga mabhuku ezvokunamata uye kuzvigadzirisa.
Nzira yekudzikisa sei Ego yako?
Kurwisana newe pachako ndeimwe yemabasa akaoma zvikuru evanhu vose. Kana munhu ane Ego, akabatwa nechishuvo, kutsamwa, godo, zvido zvenyama, iye achafanirwa kurwisa chikamu cheunhu hwake kwenguva refu uye zvakaoma. Chinhu chokutanga chinodikanwa kuti uite kuti Ego yako ive kuziva kuti ndezvekuda, kuderera. Zvakakosha kunzwisisa zvazvinotungamirira, kuziva zvose zvavanoshuva, zvido, zvinangwa uye zvinokurudzira. Mushure meizvi, unoda kusarudza nzira yaunogona kushanda nayo paEgo yako. Kuti uite izvi, unogona kushandisa maitiro emweya kana mapurogiramu epfungwa kuti uzviite iwe pachako.
Mabhuku pamusoro peEgo
Ruzivo rwehuwandu hwehupenyu hwemukati hunounganidzwa mumabhuku akadaro:
- Z. Freud "Ini naI" . Bhuku rinotsvaga simba reEgo, zvarinoreva nekubatana nechokusaziva uye ruzivo rwepfungwa.
- A. Freud "Psychology of Me uye nzira dzokudzivirira . " Mukuwedzera pakufunga pamusoro pezvikamu zvepfungwa dziri mubhuku, unogona kuwana tsanangudzo yakajeka yezvidzivirira zvekudzivirira.
- E. Erickson "Kuzivikanwa uye hupenyu hupenyu" . Bhuku rino rinotsanangura zvakadzama pfungwa huru yepfungwa Erickson - chizivo.
- E. Hartmann "Unyanzvi hwekusaziva . " Mune basa rake, munyori akaedza kuyananidza pfungwa dzakasiyana pamusoro pekusaziva uye ego yake.