Mazamu evakadzi kubva pamavambo ekutanga anoonekwa sechiratidzo chikuru chevakadzi uye kubereka. Icho chidzidzo chekuzvikudza kwevakadzi uye chinhu chinowedzera kukurudzira pane chikamu chevarume. Nenguva dzose mazamu evakadzi aive anoyemurwa nevave vanyori, yakaimbwa nevanyori. Nhasi, zvinosuruvarisa, chifuva chinonyanya kutaurwa nemammologists uye oncologists: maererano nehuwandu, kenza yemazamu ndiyo inowanzosangana nehutachiona hwehutano munyika. Uye kazhinji nzira chete yekuponesa hupenyu hwevarwere ndeyekuvhiya kubvisa mazamu, kana mastectomy.
Muzvipi zvipi mazamu aya anobviswa?
Zvizhinji zvemabasa ekubviswa kwezvipembenene zvinyuchi zvinowanikwa mukurapa nekudzivirira kenza, zvose muvakadzi nevarume. Mastectomy inoshandiswa kubvisa mamwe mazamu emakumbo, pamwe chete nelobes yechipfuva.
Basa racho rinobvisa sei mazamu?
Kuvhiya kubvisa tumvere yepamu kunowanikwa pasi peanesthesia. Kupindira kwekuvhiya kunopera kubva pa5 kusvika ku4 maawa, zvichienderana nerudzi rwekushanda. Kune marudzi akawanda emastectomy, kusarudzwa kwaro kunobva pachirwere chechirwere ichi:
- Lumpectomy - bvisa tumarara uye zvishoma zviduku zvakapoteredza;
- mastectomy yakakwana - iyo mammary gland yakabviswa zvachose;
- radical mastectomy - bvisa kwete chete mazamu, asiwo inobatanidza nayo lymph nodes, uyewo pectoral muscles;
- Modified radical mastectomy - chete mammary gland uye mamwe lymph nodes anobviswa.
Pakarepo mushure mekubviswa kwebvudzi zvinogona kuivakazve kana kuti kudzorerazve kwenguva yakati.
Postoperative nguva mushure mekubviswa kwezamu
Mushure mekuvhiyiwa kubvisa mazamu, murwere anoramba ari muchipatara kwemazuva maviri, iyi ndiyo nguva inorwadza zvikuru. Mukuwedzera, murwere anogona kukura matambudziko pashure pokubviswa kwezvinyorwa zvemammary:
- kubuda ropa;
- utachiona hwekuvadzwa;
- lymphedema (kurira kwechikafu);
- kuunganidza mvura inosvibisa (seroma) panzvimbo yekushambadzira;
- kurwadziwa uye kupera kweganda;
- wrong scarring.
Paunenge uchiendesa vanachiremba vekumba mazano mumavhiki matanhatu ekutanga kuti urege kuita basa, usasimudza zvigadziko (kupfuura 2 kg), asi usasiya ruoko rwako usina kufamba. Mumasvondo maviri mushure mekushanda kuchave kwakakodzera kuonana nachiremba nekukurukurirana zvawanikwa naye. Izvo zvingave zvakafanira kurapa mazamu mushure mokubviswa - imwe nzira yemirasiyo kana chemotherapy.
Upenyu mushure mekubviswa kwezamu
Kubviswa kwebonde chirwere chakakomba chepfungwa kumudzimai: kuora mwoyo kwakanyanya kunogona kubatana nemarwadzo mushure mekubviswa kwezamu. Nokudaro, vanachiremba vanokurudzira kuti vadzokere kuhupenyu hunoenderana nekukurumidza. Nekukosha kwekugadzirisa ndiko kutsigirwa kwehama, pamwe chete nevaya vakatove vaine mastectomy. Mukuwedzera, zvakakosha kuva noupenyu hwepabonde hwepabonde - izvi zvichabatsira mukadzi kuti asanetseke akaperera.
Mwedzi mushure mekushanda, iwe unogona kupfeka hupfeko, uye mwedzi miviri gare gare-funga nezvekuita zvakare kwekuvakazve.