Dzidzo yemazuva ano inoisa vabereki vakawanda pamagumo akafa munzira dzakasiyana-siyana kumusana nekurera mwana. Muzana remakore rapfuura, nhamba yakawanda yezvinyorwa uye maitiro edzidzo zvakasikwa mukudzidzisa, mumwe nomumwe ane kodzero yekuvapo. Kunyanya, nhasi chikoro cheWaldorf chisingabhadhari chinonakidzwa zvikuru munyika dzakawanda. Mazano aro uye zvisikwa zvichakurukurwa gare gare.
Chikoro cheValdorsfka - chimiro chayo uye mavambo
Imwe yenharaunda yepamusoro yezvidzidzo zvepasi pano inokonzera kuvapo kwayo kune anofungidzira kubva kuAustria Rudolf Steiner. Muzivi uye munyori wemabhuku mazhinji uye hurukuro pamusoro pechitendero, hupfumi uye sayenzi, akasika anthroposophy ("anthropos" - munhu, "sophia" - uchenjeri) - dzidziso iyo chinangwa chayo kuzarura mano okurara mumunhu ane rubatsiro rwekugadzira nzira uye maitiro. Muna 1907, Steiner akabudisa bhuku rake rokutanga pamusoro pezvedzidzo. Uye muna 1919 muguta reGermany reStttgart chikoro chakavakwa, zvichibva pamitemo yake yepamusoro. Ichi chiitiko chakabatsirwa nechikumbiro chaEmil Molta, uyo ari muguta rino aiva muridzi wekambani yefodya "Waldorf-Astoria". Kubvira ipapo zita rokuti Waldorf haringorevi zita rechikoro chete, asi irowo chiratidzo.
Nzira dzeWaldorf Method
Ndeipi nzira yeWaldorf, iyo yave iri pasi rose kwezana ramakore ikozvino?
Mazano eWaldorf pedagogy ari nyore: mwana anopiwa mukana wekukudziridza paanenge ari oga, kwete kuedza kumhanyira mberi uye kwete "kuputira" musoro nezivo. Kunyatsoteerera kunobhadharwa kukura mumweya uye nzira yega yega kumudzidzi mumwe nomumwe. Mune mamwe mazwi, chinangwa cheWaldorf pedagogy chakavakirwa pane zvinotevera zvisingachinji:
- Pfungwa ye "kuwirirana kwehupenyu hwemweya." Chimwe chezvinangwa zvevadzidzisi zvakaenzana nekuvandudza kuda, manzwiro nekufunga. Vadzidzisi vanoziva kuti unhu hunozviratidzira sei pamakore akasiyana uye unovapa nguva maererano nekukura kwevadzidzi.
- Kudzidzisa "epochs". Iri zita rine nguva yekudzidzira, iyo inenge mavhiki masere. Pakuguma kwe "nguva" imwe neimwe, vana vanonzwa vasinganeta, asi kuwedzerwa kwesimba, vachiziva kuti chimwe chinhu chavanogona kuwana.
- Pfungwa ye "kuwirirana kwehupenyu hwemagariro evanhu." Mune mamwe mazwi, vadzidzisi vanonyatsocherechedza zvakatipoteredza zvemwana, kuitira kuti hapana chinogona kumumanikidzira uye kusapindira nekusimudzirwa kweunhu hwake.
- Kuwedzerwa zvido zveunhu huri mudzidzisi. Walldorf Pedagogy inoreva kuti kudzidzisa kunogona kuitwa chete nemunhu iye pachake ari kuramba achivandudza uye achikura.
- Mumwe nomumwe anotaurira mwana. Nheyo yekuti "musaita zvinokuvadza" munyaya iyi inowedzera kuhutano hwepfungwa nepfungwa dzemudzidzi. Semuenzaniso, chidzidzo chekudzidza pasina kuverenga kunopa iwe mukana wekuzvizviriritira kune umwe munhu asina simba kupfuura vamwe. Mutambo chete unogamuchirwa muchikoro ndiko kurwisana kwemazuva ano newewe zuro, kubudirira kwekubudirira uye kubudirira.
- Mabasa akabatana. Harmonic unhu hukuru hunofambiswa zvikuru nebasa reboka, izvo zvinoita kuti zviitike kuti kirasi ishamwari uye isingawirirani. Izvi zvinosanganisira makirasi emimhanzi, Boomer gymnastics, eurythmy, kuimba choral, nezvimwewo. Chinhu chikuru chinobatanidza vana chiremera chemudzidzisi, uyo ari pedyo nemakore mazhinji ekudzidziswa.
Unyanzvi hwekwenyika yeWaldorf hahuzivikanwi nevateveri vazhinji vekudzidzisa zvekare. Zvisinei, kune vatevedzeri vezvikamu zvayo:
- Chikoro mudzidzisi (munhu mumwe chete, mudzidzisi uye mutariri mumunhu mumwe chete kwemakore masere) anotungamirira chidzidzo chekutanga kwemaawa maviri. Chidzidzo chekutanga pachikoro chinogara chiri chikuru.
- Kana muchikoro chechikoro zvidzidzo zvedzidzo zvakakosha, ipapo muchechi yeWaldorf kunyanya kubhadharwa kuri kubhadharwa
yakapiwa unyanzvi, mimhanzi, mitauro yedzimwe nyika, nezvimwewo. - Iko hakuna mabhuku ekunyora muchikoro. Bhuku rebhuku ndiro chinhu chikuru. Icho chimiro chedhiari umo vana vanoratidza ruzivo rwavo uye zvavanenge vadzidza. Chete pamusana wepamusoro pane mabhuku mashomanana pamusoro pezvidzidzo zvinokosha.
Nhasi, kushamwaridzana kwezvikoro zveWaldorf kumativi ose inzvimbo yezvidzidzo umo vana vanoremekedzwa uye havaregi vana vavo. Chinangwa chikuru chevateveri vaSteiner ndechekudziridza mumwana mararamiro ekukwanisa uye kugadzirira zvakanyanya sezvinobvira kune munhu mukuru wehupenyu hunoziva.