MuArizona, USA ndeimwe yezvinhu zvinoshamisa zvakasikwa zvepasi rose - Grand Canyon. Ichi ndicho chakanyanya kuputika pasi penyika, chakachera neColorado River kwemamiriyoni emakore. Iyo canyon yakaumbwa nekuda kwenzira yakawanda yekukwira kwevhu, uye ndiyo muenzaniso wayo unotyisa. Kudzika kwayo kunosvika mamiriyoni 1800, uye hupamhi mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzinosvika kusvika pamakiromita makumi matatu: nekuda kweizvi Grand Canyon inonzi inonzi canyon guru muAmerica uye munyika yose. Pamadziro emuhara iwe unogona kudzidza geology uye archaeology, nokuti vakasiya maitiro ezvine mahara e geological, anoonekwa nenyika yedu.
Mvura yerwizi rudutu runoyerera nechezasi kwecanyon rine ruvara rwebhuruu-ruvara rwehupamhi nekuda kwejecha, ivhu nematombo izvo zviri kushambidza kure. Iyo mhara yacho pachayo yakazadzwa nemasumbu emakona. Zvinyorwa zvavo zvisingashamisi: kubuda kwemazuva, kudengenyeka uye zvimwe zviitiko zvakasikwa zvakatungamirira kukuti dzimwe nzvimbo dzomumakomo dzinotaridzika semasvingo, vamwe - pamagadhi echiChinese, vamwe - pamasvingo ane masvingo, nezvimwewo. Uye izvi zvose ndeye basa rega chete, asi pasina kupindira kwevanhu!
Asi chimiro chinoshamisa zvikuru cheGree Canyon: iyo yakasiyana-siyana yezvinhu zvakasikwa nemamiriro ekunze akasiyana. Iyi ndiyo inonzi "altitudinal zonation", apo kutonhora kwemhepo, kunaya kwayo uye chifukidzo chevhu kunowanzosiyana zvakasiyana pamatunhu akasiyana-siyana. Vamiririri vemiti yemunharaunda vanosiyanawo. Kana pasi pemugwagwa inzvimbo yakasviba yoga yekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweNorth America (dzakasiyana siyana dzeC cacti , yucca, agave), ipapo pamusango wepine uye juniper miti, spruce uye fir, zvinowanzoita kuti kupisa kukure.
Nhoroondo uye zvinofadza zveGree Canyon
Iyi nzvimbo yaizivikanwa kuAmerican maIndia mazana emakore akapfuura. Izvi zvinoratidzwa nemifananidzo yekare yedombo.
Vakazarura muromo kune veEurope kubva kuSpain: kutanga muna 1540, boka revarwi veSpain, vachifamba vachitsvaka goridhe, vakaedza kuburukira kumucheto kwecanyon, asi pasina. Uye kare muna 1776 kwakanga kune vaprista vaviri vakanga vachitsvaka nzira yekuCalifornia. Nzira yekutsvakurudza yokutanga paColorado Plateau, uko Grand Canyon iripo, yaiva shanduro yekusimudzira yaJohn Powell muna 1869.
Nhasi, Grand Canyon chikamu chepaki yenyika imwe chete, iyo iri muhurumende yeArizona. Pakati pezvitsva zvinowanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana zvinowedzera kunaka uye hukuru hweBurans-Stone, Fern Glen Canyon, Shiva Temple nevamwe. Vazhinji vavo vari kurutivi rwekumaodzanyemba kweCanyon, iyo inowanzowanzoonekwa kupfuura iyo yekuchamhembe. Pamusoro pezvikwangwani zvinogadzirwa nevanhu zvinogona kutaurwa chete - chikafu chechirangaridzo chine chikwangwani kumarudzi eIndia, achidana nzvimbo ino imba yavo (Zuni, Navajo naApache).
Nzira yei kusvika kuGree Canyon muU.SA?
Zviri nyore kusvika kuCanyon kubva kuLas Vegas , uye izvi zvinogona kuitwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana: nekubhadhara motokari kana kurayira kutasva nebhazi, ndege kana kunyange helicopter. Kuvigwa kweGran Canyon kunosvika madhora makumi maviri nemazana mashanu emadhora, inoshanda mazuva manomwe chaiwo, panguva iyo
Vanonyanyisa vanoda kuuya kuGree Canyon kuti vashandure pasi neCoronto River pane zvidhakwa zveplatable. Mamwe mavara emunharaunda aya anobva kuCanyon kune mahesera uye kufamba kwehelicopter pamusoro pemvura. Vatashanyi vakawanda vanocherechedza vanokokwa kuti vaongorore iyo canyon kubva kune imwe yenzvimbo dzekucherechedza ma platforms: inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeye Skywalk, iyo yakadzika iyo yakazara girazi. Pakupedzisira, mumakore makumi mana nemakumi mashanu ezana remakore apfuura, izvo zvinonzi maziso ekuona mavari pamapurani evanhu vaifamba pamusoro peGrand Canyon vaizivikanwa, asi, mushure mokunge kukanganiswa kwe ndege mbiri muna 1956, vakarambidzwa.