- Kureba: 81.6 km
- Kureba: 150 m
- Kudzika: 12 m
Panama Canal ndiyo nzvimbo yePanama uye inozivikanwa zvikuru . Zvakaoma kufungidzira munhu asina kumbonzwa zita iri. Mushure mezvose, vanhu vazhinji vanoenda kuPanama kuitira kuti vashanyire mugwagwa unozivikanwa. Nyaya yedu ichakubatsira iwe kugadzira tsamba yekufambisa kuPanama Canal uye uzive nhoroondo yezvisikwa zvayo.
Pano iwe uchawana mhinduro kumibvunzo mikuru: iripi Panama Canal, iyo iri mahombekombe inobatanidza. Uyewo uchadzidza kuti kudzika kwePanama Canal ndechei, uye nyika ipi inopfuura iyo.
General information
I Panama Canal inzira yakagadzirwa nenzira yepamusoro inowanika paPanama Isthmus mundima yePanama. Inobatanidza Atlantic uye Pacific Oceans. Geographical coordinates ye Panama Canal: 9 degrees nechokuchamhembe uye ne 79 degrees west longitude. Basa reiyo inoshandiswa neyokugadzira zvombo zvakaoma kuwedzera, uye kukosha kwePanama Canal yakakura zvikuru - ndiyo inonyanya kukosha kutakurwa kwemvura kwehurumende kune dzimwe nyika. Zvimwe zvezvikamu zvaro zvine zvakakosha kupfuura zvose munyika.
Historical Background
Basa guru rekuvaka kwePanama Canal harina kuitwa pakarepo. Pasinei nokuti pfungwa yokuti inobatanidza makungwa maviri nemugwagwa yakaonekwa kare kare kusati kwatanga kuiswa kwayo, zvigone kuitika kunze kwekupedzisira kwezana remakore rechina. Mushure mekuedza kwekutanga kusakwanisa kugadzira mukana muna 1879, nhamba yakawanda yevatori vemabhiza yakaparadzwa, uye zviuru zvevaki vakaurayiwa nemarariya. Vatungamiri vemapurogiramu vakapomerwa mhosva yezvakaipa. Muna 1902, vaAmerica vakanyatsogadzira kuvaka kwePanama Canal, uye munguva ino vakaunza nyaya yacho kumagumo.
Mumabasa akatora makore gumi, vanhu vanopfuura 70 000 vakapinda. Gore rekuvhurika kwePanama Canal muna 1914. MunaAgasti gore rino, ngarava yekutanga, "Cristobal", yakanyatsopfuura nomugwagwa. Nharaunda huru, yakaburuka muchitendako chakafanana, yakatyora kuyambuka kwePanama Canal, asi mushure mekuvakwa kwegore ra1915 pakusunungurwa kwechipiri kwegwagwa mutengesi wakadzorerwa zvachose.
Zvinhu zvikuru zvechirongwa
Kutevedzera basa guru, vaAmerica vakaratidza zvishamiso zvekugadzira: inguva yePanama Canal iri 81.6 km, uye 65 km kubva kwavari yakaiswa pasi. Zvose zviyero zvemvura inoita mamita 150, kureba imamita 12. Mamiriyoni 14 000 emitambo yakasiyana-siyana inopfuura gore rose kuburikidza nePanama Canal - yega yega, matangi makuru uye ngarava. Nemhaka yemutoro unorema weiyo mutengesi, rutsoka rwekupfuura naro rwunotengeswa mune zvekutsvaga.
Kufamba mumugwagwa wekutakura kunobva kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva kusvika kuchamhembe-kumavirazuva. Chimiro chePanama Canal chinotsanangurwa nemapoka emakororo (Gatun, Pedro Miguel uye Miraflores) uye mabhuku maviri ekugadzirira. Zvose zvinowanikwa munzvimbo dzomunharaunda dzinobatana, izvo zvinosarudza kufamba kwakachengeteka kwezvikepe zvinouya.
Nzira yakakurumbira yePanama, kune rumwe rutivi, yakabatana makungwa maviri, uye kune imwe - yakagovana makondinendi maviri. Izvi zvakaitika kune vagari vomuColon nePanama , vachizviparadzanisa nedzimwe nyika. Dambudziko racho rakagadziriswa nokutanga muna 1959 kuvakwa kwebhuriji kumativi ePanama Canal, inozivikanwa sebhuriji reAmerica maviri . Kubva muna 1962, kune mhepo yakaramba ichiendesa motokari iyo yakabatanidza makondinendi maviri. Pakutanga, kubatana uku kwakave kwakapiwa nenzira yezvikwereti.
Zvinangwa zvePanama Canal
Kukwezva kukuru kwePanama, pasinei nezera rakakura, richiri kudiwa zvikuru. Zvisinei, kuwanda kwekutengeswa kwenyika kuri kuramba kuchikura, uye Panama Canal inotarisana nezvinetso zvekare-zhinji uye "sea jams" yatanga kuumba. Nokudaro, nhasi mubvunzo unomuka nekuvakwa kwechipiri chechina. Inorongwa kuvaka imwecheteyo muNicaragua, iyo ichave iyo nzira yakanakisisa yePanama Canal. Mukuwedzera, zvinhu zvakasikwa zvinopa izvi.
Nzira yekuenda kuPanama Canal?
Kubva kuguta rePanama kuenda kunzvimbo dzekufambisa kune nyore nyore kuwana tekisi. Kubvira muguta kusvika kune imwe nzvimbo, kukwira tekisi hakuzoiti mari inopfuura $ 10. Asi shure, zvinoshamisa, zviri nani kudzoka nebhasi kuMetroBus. Kwe $ 0.25 unogona kusvika ku- airport yeAlbrook , uye zvino ne metro kuguta.
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