Kunyangwe chimiro chisingatendi chinoda ruzivo rwepakutanga rwekombiyuta yekurima. Uye semiriwo yakadaro sekakichi, kudyara nekutarisira munzvimbo yakazaruka, iyo isingadi kuedza kukuru, inokodzera kutarisirwa. Nguva yekudyara maererano nemitemo yose, kutarisirwa kunoshamisa - ichi ndicho chinhu chinoita kuti kubudirira kwekugarisa kabhena mumunda. Ngatimbokurukurai zvakajeka kuti tingawana sei kukohwa kwakanaka.
Kudyara kabichi
Kune zvimwe zvinhu zvinoda kuongororwa. Nzira yekudyara kabichi muvhu rakavhurika:
- White cabbage sevhu rakaoma, nzvimbo yekukura inofanira kusarudzwa pane imwe nzvimbo mumapani.
- Kabichi inoda chiedza, nzvimbo inosvika inofanira kunge iine zuva.
- Ane nhamba yakawanda yezvipembenene, saka haugoni kukohwa kabichi pabhedha rimwechete mumakore mashoma.
Usati wasvika, zvakakosha kuti ugadzirire ivhu zvakanaka. MunaSeptember, nyika yacho inofanira kunge yakanyatsogadzirwa, ichiita kuti ivhu rive risina kukwana, kuitira kuti kabichi iwedzere kufema. Muchirimo, nyika yakaomeswa yakanyatsogadziriswa nemubatsiro we rakes. Ipapo kabichi, kudyara uye kutarisira muvhu rakavhurika zvakasimwa shure kwazvinotsanangurwa zvakadarika pasi apa.
Nzira yekudyara kabichi muvhu rakavhurwa mbeu?
Mbeu yakakodzera kudyara inongororwa chete kana ine 5-7 mashizha, uye yakakwirira ndeye 12-20 masentimita yemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemucheka mutsvuku, 4-6 mashizha uye 15-20 masikati kuitira kukura mukati memazuva uye nguva dzakapera. Kabichi inodyara muvhu rakavhurika inoshandiswa kusvika pakadzika kusvika kune rimwe bhizha rekutanga, uye iwe unofanirwa kubhadhara kuti hurau inokura isati yavharwa nevhu. Kudyara miche yekorosi inofanirwa manheru, kana mumakore ekunze, kuitira kuti mazuva akajeka ezuva arege kukuvadza mbeu.
Kureba pakati pemakwenzi emakichi muvhu rakavhurika
Kufunga nezvekudyara kabichi muvhu rakavhurwa nemichero, chinhu chekutanga chekufungisisa ihukuru hwemiti. Kana iwe uchiziva zvakajeka kuti chii chakakura kukohwa kuchave, zviri nyore kwazvo kuverenga chirongwa chacho - zviri nani kuchengetedza kure pakati pebhasi mune zviviri zvinonzi musoro madhaimondi. Chirongwa chinowanzojairika, sezvinoita kabichi, kuitira kuti kudyara uye kutarisira muvhu rakavhurika zvakave nyore, 50х50 cm, 40х40 cm, 50х40 cm, 70х30 cm.
Iyo inotonhora yezvirimwa makabichi mbuto muvhu rakavhurika
Mugumisiro wekukura machena kabichi ichiripo pane nguva yekudyara mbeu. Kune rimwe boka rimwe nerimwe, vachave vakasiyana, chinhu chimwe chete chakakosha kuifunga ndechekupisa kwemazuva. Kudyara kabichi muvhu rakavhurika micheche inofanira kuitwa kana kusviba kwezuva kwezuva kwakasvika kusvika kudarika 12-14 degrees.
Nzira yekudyara kabichi muvhu rakavhurika nembeu?
Kana iwe usingadi kugadzirira michero yezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, unogona kukura kabichi muvhu rakavhurika kubva kumbeu. Muchiitiko ichi, mbeu dzinogara zvakananga pasi. Murairo unokosha unogona kudyara kabichi muvhu rakavhurika ndeyekudzika kwakadzika kwemakomba, 1.5-3 cm C. Mushure mokubuda, kabichi inofanira kubviswa, ikasiya kureba pakati pemasango 40 cm.Kabbage pachayo, kudyara uye kutarisirwa muvhu rakavhurwa haina kusiyana zvakare kukura miriwo mumhando yekuita mbeu.
Miti yekudyara kabichi
Nguva iyo cabbages inogona kudyarwa muvhu rakavhurwa nembeu inofanira kunge ichitsvaga, zvisinei iyo ichakwira mukupisa kwemwaka, uye zuva rinopisa, zvichida, haringabvumi kuti kabichi ikure mumumvuri. Mazuva anotevera ekudyara mbeu dzekakichi - yekutanga yaApril, inogona kuitika masikati machena nokuti haasi kuuraya.
Kukura machena kabichi muvhu rakavhurika
Kana iwe uri muchechi asina ruzivo unogara, uye unonyadzisa mubvunzo wekuti ungakura kabichi sei muvhu rakavhurwa, usaora mwoyo - kumuchengeta hausi basa rinorwadza, kunyange mucheche anogona kugadzirisa nyore nyore basa rakadaro. Asi pane mitemo inokosha, kunyatsomiririra kune izvo kuchakupa chibereko chakanaka chekuedza kwako.
Mhepo yekorogi muvhu rakavhurika
Zvakakosha kuti ivhu riri pasi pe kabichi muvhu rakavhurika rakanyorova, rakasununguka uye rakasiyana, saka zvakakosha kumusarudza nzvimbo kune imwe nyika pasina mabwe, jecha nezvimwe. Chimwe chinhu chinonyanya kukosha chekuchengetedza - kusunungura ivhu rokudyara kabichi. Hazvina mhosva kuti ivhu rakanaka zvakadini, kamwechete kamwe kwemazuva gumi zvakakosha kuisunungura musango, kuchizadza nemhepo.
Kuchengeta kabichi mumunda
Kuchengetwa kwemiti yacho inonyanya kusunungura ivhu, kunaka kwekurima kwayo, irrigation yakakodzera panguva yakakodzera, uye zvichida weeding - masora anofanirwa kucheneswa pakarepo. Zvimwe zvezvinhu zvinokosha zvekutarisira kabichi muvhu rakazaruka, tinotarisa mune mamwe mashoko.
Nzira yekudiridza kabichi muvhu rakazaruka sei?
Dhaka rakanyorova uye rakakosha ndiro rinosungirwa kuchengetedza kubudirira, nekudiridza kabichi muvhu rakazaruka kunofanira kuitwa zuva rega rega, zviri nani kushandisa zvigadziri zvinobvumira mvura kuparadzanisa zvakafanana. Kunyangwe nokushayikwa kwemvura uye unyoro, kabichi inogona kuva yakasimba uye inoramba ichingokura, uye kazhinji kudiridza kwakanaka hakugoni kuvandudza mamiriro acho ezvinhu.
Asi pamusana apo mbeu inodyarwa muvhu rakavhurwa, kune mamwe mimwe mitemo - nokuti mabhasiro akajairika akawanda ekudiridza zvinotyisa uye zvinotungamirira pakuora kwavo nekufa. Nokudaro, nguva yokutanga yekudyara nyika inofanira kunge yakanyorova, uye nenguva, apo kabichi inotanga kukura zvakasimba, inofanira kupa mvura zuva rega rega.
Kumusoro kupfekedza kabichi muvhu rakavhurika
Kuti uwane kukohwa kwakawanda pasina kudya kunovaka muviri, zvakaoma kutarisira, uye machena kabichi hachisi chinhu chinokosha. Munguva yekukura nokukurumidza kwehutu hwakawanda, zvakakosha kupa chirimara nemhando yakakwana ye nitrogen, uye kana kabichi ichiumbwa, machena kabichi inonyanya kudiwa phosphorus uye potassium.
Mitemo inokosha, kupfuura kudya kabichi muvhu rakavhurika:
- Mafuta anogadzirwa mu fossa panguva yekudyara. Mhando yekutanga yekudyisa isanganiswa yakaoma, inoda 0.5 kg ye humus kana manyowa , 1 teaspoon ye superphosphate uye 2 maspunikiti emadota, ichi chisanganiswa chinoshandiswa pamatsime. Chisarudzo chechipiri chisanganiswa chekushongedza, chaunoda huwandu hwakawanda hwe humus kana manyowa uye mapafura matatu emadota, funganisa zvinoshandiswa nevhu uye uzviise mumakomba.
- Yokutanga yekudya kabichi. Kana mabhudzi ekugadzirisa akazadza, iwe unogona kuakwira. Kudya kokutanga kunofanira kunge kune zvizhinji zve nitrogen-based fertilizer inokurudzira kukurumidza nokukurumidza.
- Chirwere chechipiri chinoshandiswa pashure pevhiki mbiri (mazuva gumi nemashanu) mushure mekutanga, mishonga inoguta inobva kuMullein kana muyoyi wekuku inowanzoshandiswa.
Kune kabichi yemarudzi akatevera, chechitatu nechina chekudya kunoitwa, iyo inosanganisira sulfuric acid potassium uye ivhu - haisi muganisi wekudya chete, asiwo inobatsira zvakanaka kudzivirira kwezvipembenene. Nokupfeka kwepamusoro uye kudzivirirwa kumwe chete, shrubbery inowanikwa nemadota. Zviri nani kuita izvi mangwanani kana panguva ipi zvayo yemusi mushure memvura, kuitira kuti madota agare pamashizha.
Nzira yekugadzira kabichi muvhu rakazaruka sei?
Kuchengeta kabichi zvinorevawo kubatsira gwenzi kuti rive musoro, uye kiyi ndiyo kutonhorera kwakakodzera kwekurikura. Kunyatsogadzira kabichi, kudyara nekutarisira muvhu rakazaruka kunofanira kuva mune rimwe hutongi hwehurumende - 14-16 digrii yekupisa panguva yekukura kwegwenzi. Kana kutonhora kuchikwira kusvika kune chiziviso chemadhigirii 25, kuumbwa kwemusoro kunogona kuderedzwa, izvo zvichaita kuti zvive nezvibereko.
Mulching ye kabichi muvhu rakavhurika
Kuchengetedza ndiyo imwe nzira yakanakisisa kune yekuchengetedza michero yemagariro , kunyanya kufambisa basa panzvimbo iyi. Nyika yacho inofanira kugadzirirwa muvhuvhu-ramangwana makabheji anokonzerwa nemashizha mushure mekuvhuvhuta, humus inogona kudururwa kubva kumusoro, ivhu rinogamuchira manyowa munguva yechando, uye mugore rekupedzisira hugaro hucharega kubvumira masora kukura.
Nguva pfupi nguva yakakodzera yokudyara, iyo kabichi yakasimwa nemichero, kuwedzera kurima nekuyamwisa kunoitwa muvhu rakaoma, ine mvura. Kudyara mbeu muvhu rakanyorove nyore - iwe unongoda kuparadzira uswa, ita gomba uye uzadze gwenzi nemitemo yese nevhu uye uswa. Mukukura kwekukura, michero haisi yakasiyana nevaya vakadyarwa nenzira yakajairika, kunze kwezvinhu zvinokosha - ivhu rinochengetedza unyoro kwenguva yakareba, iyo inobvumira kunwisa michero dzimwe nguva zvishoma, uye dambudziko remasora rinonyangarika zvachose - uswa harubvumiri kuti vauye.
Kuchengeta muto hakuregi kukosha kwekugadzira mbeu. Sezvimedu, mashizha, sawdust, uye mashizha emiti zvinowanzoshandiswa.Zvino chero nzira yaunosarudza, iyo kabichi inoda unyoro, kudyara nekuyamwisa munzvimbo yakazaruka mushure mokunge yatove yakanyatsojeka, ichaita kuti chibereko chinotarisirwa.
Zvirwere zveKabbage muvhu rakavhurika
Kufanana nemimwe michero yakarimwa, machena kabichi dzimwe nguva inorwara, mune izvi zviitiko zvinoda kuchengetwa kwakanyanya, uye dzimwe nguva matanho makuru. Zvirwere zveCabbage zvinokwanisa kuuraya zvachose chibage, vagari vese vemazhizha vanofanira kuziva nezvevakakurumbira kwavari.
- Kila. Ichi chirwere chiri kurudyi chinogona kunzi chakanyanya kuipa kwekakbage. Pamidzi yembeu, kukura kunoumbwa, uye semugumisiro, yose midzi inotenderera. Zviri nyore chaizvo kukurira tsanga - kana ukawana mbeu dzine usimbe dzinosara shure mukukura kana kufa, pakarepo dzibvise kubva muvhu, uye usasvike nechaimu.
- Mvura yakawanda yemakabichi. Chirwere chacho chinokanganisa michero mishoma kakawanda, inogona kuonekwa nemashizha, ayo anova musoro kana gorosi nechishuwo chemukati. Kurapa kunoitwa ne boric acid (s solution ya 500 ml pa 10 malita emvura).
- Fusarium. Chirwere chinowanzozivikanwa chembeu yekakosi, iyo iri nyore kuonekwa nenzvimbo dzemajena pakati pemakwenzi emashizha, zvishoma nezvishoma davi rose rinova rakatsvuka uye rinomesa. Pachikonzero chechikonzero chekukuvadzwa kabichi, maruva mavara anokwanisa kuonekwa, uye musoro unowanzova muduku uye unotora mhando isina kumira. Bvisai chirwere ichi chinogoneka chete nekubvisa mashizha akanganiswa.
Kusiyana kutarisa kunofanirwawo zvakakosha zvinokonzera kabichi muvhu rakavhurika, izvo zvinogona kuparadza kukohwa kwose.
- Aphids. Zvipembenene zviduku zvemuchena-sirivha zvinowanikwa munzvimbo yepasi pebhizha uye kunwa jisi remuti, kuparadza gwenzi. Zviri nyore kuziva donda pamashizha ayo zvishoma nezvishoma anorasikirwa nemuvara wavo chaiwo, kupisa uye kuoma. Kuti urarame nehafi yekakichi, zvinoshandiswa mishonga inoshandiswa - sekuti, Carbofos, Iskra, fumigation nefodya inogona kubatsira, kunwisa nekukanganiswa kweanki yeanisi kana garlic.
- Cabbage fly. Chimiro chechirwere ichi chakanyanya kuoma kusiyanisa kubva kuflyfly inowanzogara, saka inogona kuva yakaoma zvikuru kuiziva. Pakupera kwegore, inobhururuka inoisa mazai muvhu, uye mushure memazuva manomwe, maperembudzi anodya midzi. Ziva dambudziko racho nekusvibira nekusvava mashizha, mashizha ari pasi anowana ruvara ruchena. Nokuda kwekugadzirisa kushandiswa kwebhururuka, 30% solution yeT Thiophos inoshandiswa - kugadzirisa kunonatswa nemvura, kukohwa kweiyo iri 0.03%, uye rimwe gwenzi ndi 250 gramu.