Nekubatsira kwe ultrasound kubva nguva isati yapfuura, mamamamangwana anotevera haangotaridzi kuona zvakajeka uye mifananidzo yemavhudzi awo pachikero chekuona (3D ultrasound), asiwo kutarisa chiso chaicho uye kufamba kwaro munguva chaiyo (4D ultrasound). Zvechokwadi, basa re ultrasound, senzira yakachengeteka yekuongororwa, yakawanda zvikuru kupfuura kungoziva chete amai namai vasati vasununguka. Pakati pekukurumidza, zvakakosha kugadzirisa ectopic pamuviri, kuongorora mamiriro ehutusus, kutarisa kukanganisa kwayo kukura, kutarisa kushandiswa kwemaitiro anorwisa (amniocentesis, chorionic biopsy, cordocentesis) uye fetometry, inotarisa ukuru hwe fetus ne ultrasound.
Kupfuurira kuvharidzirwa ultrasound screenings - chinhu chinokosha pakubudirira pamuviri
Kuti uwane hutano hwakanaka hwekudzivirira pamuviri, kusasha kwekutyisidzira kwekukanganisa kwake uye zvingangodarika kukanganisa kubva kune zvakasarudzwa, vakadzi vane pamuviri vanofanira kuongorora ultrasound 3-4 nguva panguva yekubata. Semuenzaniso, iyo ultrasound ye fetus kwemavhiki gumi nemaviri inotarisirwa kugadzirisa nhamba yevana vekuberekwa, kuratidza maitiro akadai zvakadai seA Down's syndrome, Edwards zvichienderana nekuongorora kwezviratidzo zveizvi chromosomal pathologies: kuwanda kwemirasi nzvimbo (inozivikanwa nokuda kwekukura kwekukura ne ultrasound 45-83mm ) uye urefu hwemafupa emhino. Nechinangwa chekuvimbika kwedata rakagamuchirwa, kuwedzera kune ultrasound, kuongorora "biochemical" kunogonawo kuiswa. Muchikamu chekutanga chinonzi ultrasound, mitezo yemakumbo, chimiro cheuropi, mwoyo, mudumbu, chidimbu, musana uye kufamba kwemwana zvakatemwa.
Iyo ultrasound ye fetus pamasvondo makumi maviri nemasere anoongorora mamiriro e-placenta, amniotic fluid mauri, inoitwa kuti ibvise kusagadzikana kwechirwere, kusanganisira mumoyo, uye kunyatsotsanangura kurara kwomwana. Pamasvondo 30-32, iyo ultrasound ye fetus inofanirwa kuziva kuti inorema zvakadini, mamiriro emutsara wembilical, kuti uone ukuru hwemusoro wemwana pamwe nekuberekwa kweiyo amai.
Kusarudza nguva chaiyo yekuberekwa - basa reku fetometry
Pachidzidzo chega chega, nguva chaiyo yekuendesa inogadziriswa, asi iyo inonyanya kudzidzisa ndeyokuti yakasimbiswa mumwedzi wekutanga wekuita pamuviri. Munguva iyi, hutachiona hunotarirwa ne ultrasound pakuberekwa, zvakadai seKTP (coccyx-parietal size) uye DPR (diameter ye fetal egg) inowanzoenderana, gare gare inokwanisa kukanganiswa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. Saka, panguva imwechete neizvi zviratidzo, tsanangudzo yenguva yekuzvitakura nekuberekwa kunoitika nekuongorora uye nekuenzanisa dzimwe zviratidzo zvechetometric nemitemo ye fetal size ne ultrasound.
Zvikamu zvikuru zve fetometry ndezvi:
- BDP (biparietal size, iyo ihukuru pakati pemapfupa epanguva). Pamusoro pekudzidza, zvinogona kuitika kuti musoro we-fetal unogadzirirwa muvanopinda pamucheto maduku. Muchiitiko ichi, kazhinji hazvibviri kutsanangura BDP, maererano neiyo, iyo protocol ye ultrasound ichave ine chinhu "hazvibviri kutsanangura BDP". Zvose kuedza kuzviyera zvinogona kutungamirira kune zvikanganiso pakuongororwa, uye sechikonzero chemaitiro asina kururama ekuita basa. Zvingavewo kuti kuwanda kwemusoro kuchawedzerwa kudarika (brachycephaly) kana nguva refu (dolichocephaly). Zvinhu zvakadai, pamwe chete nejairo ellipsoidal maitiro, misoro inenge yakasiyana-siyana, asi inogona kutungamirira kumakanganisa mukugadzirisa nguva yezvakanaka uye fetal kuyerwa ne ultrasound. Kugadzirisa chirwere chakakodzera, kutarirwa kunofanira kubhadharwa kuongorora zvimwe zviratidzo zve fetometry);
- LZR (kukurumidza-occipital size);
- OG (musoro wechitenderera);
- OJ (chizvaro chemuviri) ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvekuongororwa kwekutsvaira kwema intrauterine kukurumidza (FGP), sezvo inobatsira kuongorora fetal kuyerwa ne ultrasound;
- DLB (gumbo refu). Ichi chiratidzo chinofanira kushandiswa kuitira chinangwa chekuziva nguva yehutano chete kana zvisingakwanisi kuwana BDP kana nemhando isiri yepamusoro yemusoro, asi ndiyo inonyanya kukosha pakuona skeletal dysplasia;
- DGRK (kupenya kwebhokisi), nezvimwewo.
Scientifically provened that the use of simultaneous indicators to make it more accurate to determine the length of pregnancy. Pakazosvika vhiki makumi matatu nemasere, zvakakosha kudzidza vanhu veBDP, DLB neOZH, mushure mekufanana -OZ, OG uye DLB.
Sezvo mutemo, kupedzisa kunoitwa pamusana petafura ye ultrasound ye fetal dimensions ye ultrasound, muenzaniso weiyo unoratidzwa pasi apa:
Pamusana pekuti chikwata chega chega chinogona kugadzirirwa maetafura akasiyana neukama hwemashure kwemavhiki, maitiro e ultrasound angave ane kusiyana kukuru.
Kana ukama huri pasi pehutano hunorehwa mutafura, uye kana uremu hudiki hwemucheche hwakatsanangurwa ne ultrasound, kuonekwa kwe HPV kunowanzoitwa. Nokuda kwekusimbisa kwayo, kuwedzera ultrasound kunoitwa mumagetsi, cardiotocography uye dopplerography inorayirwa. Chero mamiriro ezvinhu, kana zviyero zvisingasviki, haufaniri kutya kamwechete, nokuti chikonzero chinogona kuva banal - nguva yekuzvitakura yakasarudzwa nenzira isina kunaka nekuda kwekusagadzikana pakusarudza zuva rekuvhara. Kakawanda izvi izvi zvinowanzoitika panguva yekurovedza amorrhea.